5445 lines
172 KiB
Org Mode
5445 lines
172 KiB
Org Mode
#+setupfile: ../headers
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* Dictionary
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Below you will find a simple Eittlandic to English dictionary. It uses
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some abbreviations you should keep in mind:
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- acc :: accusative
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- adj :: adjective
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- adv :: adverb
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- art :: article
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- aux :: auxiliary
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- c :: common
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- comp :: comparative
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- conj :: conjunction
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- Dan :: Danish
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- dat :: dative
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- def :: definite
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- det :: determiner
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- Eng :: English
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- EON :: Early Old Norse
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- f :: feminine
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- gen :: genitive
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- Ger :: German
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- imp :: imperative
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- in :: irregular noun
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- ind :: indicative
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- interr :: interrogative
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- iv :: irregular verb
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- m :: masculine
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- mass :: mass noun
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- ME :: Middle Eittlandic
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- n :: neuter
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- neg :: negative
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- nom :: nominal
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- Nor :: Norwegian (Nynork if no dialect is specified)
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- num :: numeral
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- OE :: Old Eittlandic
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- OI :: Old Icelandic
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- ON :: Old Norse
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- pas :: passive
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- pl :: plural
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- pn :: proper noun
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- prep :: preposition
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- pret :: preterite
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- pron :: pronoun
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- sg :: singular
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- sn :: strong noun
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- stg :: strong
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- sv :: strong verb
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- Swe :: Swedish
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- wk :: weak
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- wn :: weak noun
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- wv :: weak verb
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Note that when a word is marked solely as /masculine/, /feminine/ or
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/neutral/, it is a noun. Otherwise, another marker such as /adj./ should
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be added, for instance /f.adj./ for a feminine adjective.
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All words are indexed by their spelling as determined by Standard
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Eittlandic, which roughly corresponds to the accusative of other
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dialects.
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All words are indexed by a standardized traditional spelling, with
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occasionally their Standard Eittlandic spelling specified below in the
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word’s entry. Each noun has its declension presented to the reader as
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a guide to how it might generally look in dialects other than Standard
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Eittlandic. Other variations may exist from one dialect to another
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that are not presented here. For instance, while most Eittlandic
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dialects lost the /ru/ part of the dat.pl. declention, going from /férum/
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to /fém/, some dialects in East Northern Eittland still retain the
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former form.
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Letters in parenthesis are no longer used when writing Eittlandic but
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are still underlying vowels that can still affect the pronunciation of
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the word and its surroundings. For instance, /dag/ can represent three
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forms of the word: /dagr/, /dag/ and /daga/ (the /-r/ and /-a/ are silent in
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Standard Eittlandic). The first form is pronounced {{{phon(daɣ)}}} while the
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other two are pronounced {{{phon(daj)}}}. They can also represent
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grammatical cases which are no longer used in Standard Eittlandic,
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such as /dagr/. While it exists as is in several Eittlandic dialects, it
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doesn’t exist as /dagr/ in Standard Eittlandic, only as /dag/. The
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underlying vowel also reappears when the word is used in its definite
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form. For instance, /dagr/ becomes /dagann/ due to the underlying /-a/ in
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its accusative form /dag(a)/ while /fiskr/ becomes /fiskinn/ (the «i» is
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added when no other underlying vowel can replace it). The definite
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form of a noun is indicated in its declension table.
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** A
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*** af(i)
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wn.m. {{{phon(af)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/a.php#afi][afi]]
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1. grand-father
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2. old, elderly man
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-----+---------+------+---------|
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| Nom. | af | afit | afr | afitr |
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| Acc. | af | afit | af | afit |
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| Dat. | af | afit | afum | afitum |
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| Gen. | afs | afits | afs | afit |
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*** alf
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wn.m. {{{phon(ɑlf)}}}
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1. power, might
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | alf | alfit | alfr | alfitr |
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| Acc. | alf | alfit | alf | alfit |
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| Dat. | alf | alfit | alfum | alfitum |
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| Gen. | alfs | alfits | alfs | alfit |
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*** all
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{{{phon(ɑlː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/a.php#allr-A][allr]]
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1. indef.pron. all, everyone, everything
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2. adj.
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1. all, whole or entire entity
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Allt húsit er litit.
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The house is completely painted.
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| all-t | hús-it | er | lit-it |
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| all-sg.n.NOM | house.NOM-DEF | to.be.3sg.pres | to.paint-part.adj.sg.n.NOM |
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#+html: :::
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2. all, complete group or set
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Allar bátinn er í hávnin.
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All the boats are in the harbour.
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#+html: :::
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3. all, full extent or duration
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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- Allar daginn var sólskinn.
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All the days were sunny.
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- Allr daginn er varmr ná!
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The whole day is warm, isn’t it?
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4. all, quite, entirely, completely
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Svá er allt góðt!
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It’s all good / alright!
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#+html: :::
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| | Common | Neuter |
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|---------+--------+--------|
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| Sg.Nom. | allr | allt |
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| Acc. | all | allt |
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| Dat. | allum | allum |
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| Gen. | alls | alls |
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| Pl.Nom. | allar | all |
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| Acc. | all | all |
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| Dat. | allum | allum |
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| Gen. | allar | allr |
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*** Alfshringinssagat
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pn. {{{phon(ˈɑlfsˌr̥iŋinsˌsɑjɑt)}}}
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1. The Rings of Power
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*** almen
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adj. {{{phon(ɑlmen)}}}
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1. general, global
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| | Common | Neuter |
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|---------+---------+---------|
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| Sg.Nom. | almenn | almenar |
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| Acc. | almenum | almenum |
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| Dat. | almen | almen |
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| Gen. | almen | almenar |
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| Pl.Nom. | almens | almens |
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| Acc. | almenum | almenum |
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| Dat. | alment | almen |
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| Gen. | alment | almenn |
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*** annaman
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sn.n. {{{phon(ˈɑnːɑˌmɑn)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#annar][annar]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]]
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1. someone else
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
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| Nom. | annaman | annamanit | annaman | annamanitr |
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| Acc. | annaman | annamanit | annaman | annamanit |
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| Dat. | annaman | annamanit | annamanum | annamanitum |
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| Gen. | annamans | annamanits | annamans | annamanit |
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*** annar
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{{{phon(ɑnːɑr)}}}
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1. other, different
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*** amm(a)
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wn.f. {{{phon(amː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/a.php#amma][amma]]
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1. grand-mother, granny
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2. old, elderly woman
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | amm | ammat | amm | ammatr |
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| Acc. | amm | ammat | amm | ammat |
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| Dat. | amm | ammat | ammum | ammatum |
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| Gen. | amms | ammats | amms | ammat |
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*** aptr
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adv., prep. {{{phon(ɑɸtr̩)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/a.php#aptr-I][aptr]]
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1. behind, in or to the rear of, at the back of
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Hann standt aptr húsit
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He stood behind the house
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#+html: :::
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2. after in time or sequence
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Ek kœmt hér aptr þér
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I came here after you
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#+html: :::
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3. supporting or backing someone or something
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Ek standar aptr þér
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I stand behind you, i.e. I support you
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#+html: :::
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4. lagging or falling behind in progress or development
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#+html: ::: tip Example
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Hann er aptr í nem
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He is behind his studies
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#+html: :::
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*** aug(a)
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wn.n. {{{phon(ɔ̀j)}}}
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1. eye
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Alternative form: *ój*
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | aug | augat | aug | augatr |
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| Acc. | aug | augat | aug | augat |
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| Dat. | aug | augat | augum | augatum |
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| Gen. | augas | augats | augas | augat |
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*** automobil
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wn.n. {{{phon(ˈɔtoˌmobel)}}}, from Ancient Greek [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%E1%BD%90%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82#Ancient_Greek][αὐτός]] and Latin [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mobilis#Latin][mōbilis]]. See also [[file:./dictionary.md#bil][bil]]
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1. car (motorcar, automobile), rarely used
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See [[file:./dictionary.md#bil][bil]] for declensions.
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** Á
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*** á
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sn.f. {{{phon(ɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/aa.php#%C3%A13][á]]
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1. river
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-----+---------+-----+---------|
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| Nom. | ár | ánn | ár | ánn |
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| Acc. | á | án | á | án |
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| Dat. | á | án | áum | ánum |
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| Gen. | ár | áns | ár | án |
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*** ábreið(a)
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wn.f. {{{phon(ɛ̀brɑɪð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/aa.php#%C3%A1brei%C3%B0a][ábreiða]]
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1. bed covering, cover, bedspread
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2. any kind of cloth used for beds
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Alternative form: *ébreið(a)*
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+---------+-----------+----------+------------|
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| Nom. | ábreið | ábreiðat | ábreiðr | ábreiðitr |
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| Acc. | ábreið | ábreiðat | ábreið | ábreiðit |
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| Dat. | ábreið | ábreiðat | ábreiðum | ábreiðitum |
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| Gen. | ábreiðs | ábreiðats | ábreiðar | ábreiðit |
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*** áng
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interj. {{{phon(ɛŋ)}}}
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1. positive counter-factual, see the [[file:./grammar.md#questions][questions]] section of the grammar
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Alternative form: *éng*
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This word does not have a clear origin, however it is supposed it was
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borrowed early on from an Eskaleut language that may have been spoken
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by the island’s initial inhabitants. Compare modern-day Aleut /aang/ and
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Proto-Eskimoan /*aa/ or /*ii/.
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*** ást
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sn.f. {{{phon(ɛ̀ʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/aa.php#%C3%A1st][ást]]
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1. love, affection
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | ástr | ástinn | ástr | ástinn |
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| Acc. | ást | ástin | ást | ástin |
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| Dat. | ást | ástin | ástum | ástinum |
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| Gen. | ástar | ástins | ástar | ástin |
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*** áð
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adv. {{{phon(ɛ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/aa.php#%C3%A1%C3%B0r][áðr]]
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1. before, temporal precedence or higher priority
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** B
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*** barn
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sn.n. {{{phon(barn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#barn][barn]]
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1. child
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
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| Nom. | barn | barnit | barn | barnitr |
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| Acc. | barn | barnit | barn | barnit |
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| Dat. | barn | barnit | barnum | barnitum |
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| Gen. | barns | barnits | barns | barnit |
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*** bát
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sn.m. {{{phon(bɛ̀t)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#b%C3%A1tr][bátr]]
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1. boat
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | bátr | bátinn | bátr | bátinn |
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| Acc. | bát | bátin | bát | bátin |
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| Dat. | bát | bátin | bátum | bátinum |
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| Gen. | bátar | bátins | bátar | bátin |
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*** ber(a)
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sv. {{{phon(ber)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#bera3-A][bera]]
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1. to transport or convey something from one place to another
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2. to hold and move something
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Declensions:
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- infinitive :: ber
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- imperative :: ber
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- imperative passive voice :: berask
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- present participle :: berand
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- past participle :: berit
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| <c> | | | | | |
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| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
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|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
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| 1s | | berar | berir | bert | berumk |
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| 2s | | berar | berir | bert | bersk |
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| 3s | | berar | berir | bert | berask |
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| 1p | | berum | berim | berum | berumk |
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| 2p | | berið | berið | beruð | berask |
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| 3p | | berið | berið | beruð | berask |
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*** bil
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wn.n. {{{phon(βil)}}}, shortened from of [[file:./dictionary.md#automobil][automobil]]
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1. car (motorcar, automobile)
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
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| Nom. | bil | bilit | bill | bilitr |
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| Acc. | bil | bilit | bil | bilit |
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| Dat. | bil | bilit | bilum | bilitum |
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| Gen. | bils | bilits | bils | bilit |
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*** bjálf(i)
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wn.m. {{{phon(βjɛ̀lf)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#bj%C3%A1lfi][bjálfi]]
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1. skin, fur (animals)
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2. skin (human’s, colloquial)
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+--------+----------+---------+-----------|
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| Nom. | bjálf | bjálfit | bjálfr | bjálfitr |
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| Acc. | bjálf | bjálfit | bjálf | bjálfit |
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| Dat. | bjálf | bjálfit | bjálfum | bjálfitum |
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| Gen. | bjálfs | bjálfits | bjálfs | bjálfit |
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*** blá
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adj. {{{phon(blɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#bl%C3%A1r][blár]]
|
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1. blue
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2. cold (colour)
|
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| | Common | Neuter |
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|---------+--------+--------|
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| Sg.Nom. | blár | blát |
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| Acc. | blá | blát |
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| Dat. | blámum | blámum |
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| Gen. | blás | blás |
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| Pl.Nom. | blárar | blá |
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| Acc. | blá | blá |
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| Dat. | blámum | blámum |
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| Gen. | blárar | blár |
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|
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*** bleik
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adj. {{{phon(blɑɪk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#bleikr][bleikr]]
|
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1. pinkish yellow
|
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2. warm (colour)
|
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|
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| | Common | Neuter |
|
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|---------+---------+---------|
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| Sg.Nom. | bleikr | bleikar |
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| Acc. | bleikum | bleikum |
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| Dat. | bleik | bleik |
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| Gen. | bleik | bleikar |
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| Pl.Nom. | bleiks | bleiks |
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| Acc. | bleikum | bleikum |
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| Dat. | bleikt | bleik |
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| Gen. | bleikt | bleikr |
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*** borð
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sn.n. {{{phon(borð)}}}
|
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1. table
|
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2. large plank
|
||
|
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
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|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
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| Nom. | borð | borðit | borð | borðitr |
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| Acc. | borð | borðit | borð | borðit |
|
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| Dat. | borð | borðit | borðum | borðitum |
|
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| Gen. | borðs | borðits | borðs | borðit |
|
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|
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*** boðorð
|
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sn.m. {{{phon(boðorð)}}}
|
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|
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1. a rule
|
||
|
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| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
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|------+----------+-----------+----------+------------|
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| Nom. | boðorðr | boðorðinn | boðorðr | boðorðinn |
|
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| Acc. | boðorð | boðorðin | boðorð | boðorðin |
|
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| Dat. | boðorð | boðorðin | boðorðum | boðorðinum |
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| Gen. | boðorðar | boðorðins | boðorðar | boðorðin |
|
||
|
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*** boðorðsman
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈboðorðˌmɑn)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#boðorð][boðorð]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]]
|
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|
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1. judge
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------------+---------------+--------------+----------------|
|
||
| Nom. | boðorðsmann | boðorðsmaninn | boðorðsmann | boðorðsmaninn |
|
||
| Acc. | boðorðsman | boðorðsmanin | boðorðsman | boðorðsmanin |
|
||
| Dat. | boðorðsman | boðorðsmanin | boðorðsmanum | boðorðsmaninum |
|
||
| Gen. | boðorðsmanar | boðorðsmanins | boðorðsmanar | boðorðsmanin |
|
||
|
||
*** borg
|
||
sn.f {{{phon(borg)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#borg-I][borg]]
|
||
|
||
1. city
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | borgr | borginn | borgr | borginn |
|
||
| Acc. | borg | borgin | borg | borgin |
|
||
| Dat. | borg | borgin | borgum | borginum |
|
||
| Gen. | borgar | borgins | borgar | borgin |
|
||
|
||
*** bráð
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(brɛð)}}}
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *bréð*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:dictionary.md#broð][/bróð/]]
|
||
|
||
*** bróð(i)
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(brɔ̀ð)}}} , from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#br%C3%B3%C3%B0ir][bróðir]]
|
||
|
||
1. brother, plural /bráð/
|
||
|
||
Re-analysis of ON /bródir/ decomposed into /bróð/ + /-ir/ by popular
|
||
etymology. Same goes for its former plural /bráðir/ which got
|
||
re-analyzed into /bráð/ + /-ir/.
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | bróðr | bróðinn | bráðr | bráðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | bróð | bróðin | bráð | bráðin |
|
||
| Dat. | bróðir | bróðin | bráðir | bráðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | bróð | bróðins | bráðum | bráðin |
|
||
|
||
*** brún
|
||
adj. {{{phon(bròn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#br%C3%BAnn][brúnn]]
|
||
|
||
1. brown, dark red
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | brúnn | brúnt |
|
||
| Acc. | brún | brúnt |
|
||
| Dat. | brúnum | brúnum |
|
||
| Gen. | brúns | brúns |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | brúnar | brún |
|
||
| Acc. | brún | brún |
|
||
| Dat. | brúnum | brúnum |
|
||
| Gen. | brúnar | brúnn |
|
||
|
||
*** bók(a)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(bɔ̀k)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/b.php#b%C3%B3k2][bók]]
|
||
|
||
1. book, plural /bøk/
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | bókr | bókann | bøkr | bøkann |
|
||
| Acc. | bók | bókan | bøk | bøkan |
|
||
| Dat. | bókar | bókan | bøkar | bøkanum |
|
||
| Gen. | bók | bókans | bøkum | bøkan |
|
||
|
||
*** bøk
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(bø̀k)}}}
|
||
|
||
See [[file:dictionary.md#bok(r)][/bók/]]
|
||
|
||
*** bú
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(bò)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. dweller
|
||
2. general meaning of /neighbour/, can also mean someone living in the
|
||
neighbourhood or in the same general area
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#grann-i][grann(i)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#nagrann-i][nágrann(i)]]
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----+---------+------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | bú | búit | búr | búitr |
|
||
| Acc. | bú | búit | bú | búit |
|
||
| Dat. | bú | búit | búum | búitum |
|
||
| Gen. | bús | búits | bús | búit |
|
||
|
||
** C
|
||
** D
|
||
*** dag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(daɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#dagr][dagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. natural day
|
||
2. day (unit of time), 24 hours
|
||
3. í dag: today
|
||
4. week day
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------------------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | dagr {{{phon(daɡr̩)}}} | daginn | dagr | daginn |
|
||
| Acc. | dag {{{phon(daɣ)}}} | dagin | dag | dagin |
|
||
| Dat. | dag {{{phon(daj)}}} | dagin | dagum | daginum |
|
||
| Gen. | dagar {{{phon(dajar)}}} | dagins | dagar | dagin |
|
||
|
||
Due to the phonological evolution of Eittlandic, the pronunciaton of
|
||
the final «g» of /dag/ ends up differing even if the written form does
|
||
not. As such, a guide is included in the declension table to help
|
||
students remember how these different forms are pronounced.
|
||
|
||
*** dá-
|
||
prefix {{{phon(ˌdɛ̀)}}}, unknown etymology
|
||
|
||
1. adjective intensifier, /dáX/ is /very X/
|
||
|
||
*** djúp
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ʒːòp)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#dj%C3%BApr][djúpr]]
|
||
|
||
1. deep
|
||
2. profound (figuratively)
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *djóp*
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | djúpr | djúpt |
|
||
| Acc. | djúp | djúpt |
|
||
| Dat. | djúpum | djúpum |
|
||
| Gen. | djúps | djúps |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | djúpar | djúp |
|
||
| Acc. | djúp | djúp |
|
||
| Dat. | djúpum | djúpum |
|
||
| Gen. | djúpar | djúpr |
|
||
|
||
*** djúplig
|
||
adv. {{{phon(ʒːòpleɣ)}}}, from OE djúpr (see [[file:dictionary.md#djúp][djúp]]) with OE suffix /-ligr/ (see
|
||
ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ligr#Old_Norse][-ligr]])
|
||
|
||
1. deeply
|
||
2. inherently
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *djópleg*
|
||
|
||
*** dótt(u)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(dɔ̀ʃː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#d%C3%B3ttir][dóttir]]
|
||
|
||
1. daughter
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#panig][panig]]
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | dóttr | dóttunn | dóttr | dóttunn |
|
||
| Acc. | dótt | dóttun | dótt | dóttun |
|
||
| Dat. | dótt | dóttun | dóttum | dóttunum |
|
||
| Gen. | dóttur | dóttuns | dóttur | dóttun |
|
||
|
||
*** dyr
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(dyr)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#dyrr][dyrr]]
|
||
|
||
1. door
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | dyrr | dyrinn | dyrr | dyrinn |
|
||
| Acc. | dyr | dyrin | dyr | dyrin |
|
||
| Dat. | dyr | dyrin | dyrum | dyrinum |
|
||
| Gen. | dyrar | dyrins | dyrar | dyrin |
|
||
|
||
*** dýn(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(dø̀n)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#d%C3%BDna][dýna]]
|
||
|
||
1. mattress
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | dýn | dýnat | dýnn | dýnatr |
|
||
| Acc. | dýn | dýnat | dýn | dýnat |
|
||
| Dat. | dýn | dýnat | dýnum | dýnatum |
|
||
| Gen. | dýns | dýnats | dýns | dýnat |
|
||
|
||
*** dýnsábreið(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(dø̀nsɛ̀brɑɪð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#dyn-a][dýn]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#abreið-a][ábreið]]
|
||
|
||
1. blanket
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *dønsébreið(a)*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#abreið-a][ábreið]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** dýnskláð
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈdø̀nsˌklɛ̀ð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#dyn-a][dýn(a)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-i][kláð(i)]].
|
||
|
||
1. pillow case, litt. “pillow clothes”
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *dǿnskléð*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-i][kláð(i)]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** dœtt(i)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(dœ̀ʃː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/d.php#d%C3%B3ttir][dóttir]]
|
||
|
||
Plural of [[file:./dictionary.md#dott-i][dótt(i)]].
|
||
|
||
** E
|
||
*** edd(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(e:ðː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#edda][edda]]
|
||
|
||
1. great grandmother
|
||
2. female ancestor, beyond the grandmother
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | edd | eddann | eddr | eddann |
|
||
| Acc. | edd | eddan | edd | eddan |
|
||
| Dat. | eddas | eddan | eddam | eddanum |
|
||
| Gen. | eddas | eddans | eddas | eddan |
|
||
|
||
*** ef
|
||
adv. {{{phon(ef)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#ef-B][ef]]
|
||
|
||
1. if, in case, in case that
|
||
|
||
Always followed by a conditional verbal phrase or a noun if speakers
|
||
can infer the verbal phrase from it.
|
||
|
||
*** ei
|
||
Regional variation of [[file:./dictionary.md#eig][eig]].
|
||
|
||
*** eig
|
||
adv. {{{phon(ɑɪɣ)}}}, in some regions {{{phon(ɑɪ)}}} and written /ei/, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#eigi][eigi]]
|
||
|
||
1. not, negative marker of a verb
|
||
|
||
*** ein(n)
|
||
{{{phon(ɑɪn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#einn][einn]]
|
||
|
||
1. num.
|
||
1. one (cardinal)
|
||
2. adj.
|
||
1. alone
|
||
2. single
|
||
3. pronoun.
|
||
1. one
|
||
2. a few, some (plural)
|
||
|
||
#+name: ein-declensions-pronoun
|
||
#+caption: Declension of /ein/ as a pronoun
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | einn | eininn | einn | eininn |
|
||
| Acc. | ein | einin | ein | einin |
|
||
| Dat. | ein | einin | einum | eininum |
|
||
| Gen. | einar | einins | einar | einin |
|
||
|
||
#+name: ein-declension-adj
|
||
#+caption: Declension of /ein/ as an adjective
|
||
| / | <r> | | |
|
||
| | | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---+---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| | Sg.Nom. | einn | eitt |
|
||
| | Acc. | ein | eitt |
|
||
| | Dat. | einum | eitum |
|
||
| | Gen. | eins | eits |
|
||
| | Pl.Nom. | einar | eit |
|
||
| | Acc. | ein | eit |
|
||
| | Dat. | einum | eitum |
|
||
| | Gen. | einar | eitr |
|
||
|
||
*** einnig
|
||
adv. {{{phon(ɑinːiɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#einnig][einnig]]
|
||
|
||
1. also, too
|
||
|
||
Something is in addition to something that hwas already been said
|
||
2. likewise, similarly
|
||
|
||
Something is the same or similar to something that has already been
|
||
said
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ek málar Fransk, ok hann einnig
|
||
|
||
I speak French, and so does he.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
3. moreover, furthermore
|
||
|
||
Introduce new but related information
|
||
|
||
*** Eittland
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ɑɪʔlɑnd)}}}, from OE neutral /einn/ (/alone/, /lonely/), itself from
|
||
ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#einn][einn]], and ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#land][land]]
|
||
|
||
1. High Kingdom of Eittland
|
||
2. island of Eittland
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | Eittland |
|
||
| Acc. | Eittland |
|
||
| Dat. | Eittland |
|
||
| Gen. | Eittlands |
|
||
|
||
*** ekt(a)
|
||
{{{phon(ekt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#ektar-][ektar-]]
|
||
|
||
1. adj. wedded
|
||
2. wn.n. spouse
|
||
3. wv. to marry
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | ektr | ektt |
|
||
| Acc. | ekt | ektt |
|
||
| Dat. | ektum | ektum |
|
||
| Gen. | ekts | ekts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | ektar | ekt |
|
||
| Acc. | ekt | ekt |
|
||
| Dat. | ektum | ektum |
|
||
| Gen. | ektar | ektr |
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | ekt | ektat | ektr | ektatr |
|
||
| Acc. | ekt | ektat | ekt | ektat |
|
||
| Dat. | ekt | ektat | ektum | ektatum |
|
||
| Gen. | ekts | ektats | ekts | ektat |
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: ekt
|
||
- imperative :: ekt
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: ektask
|
||
- present participle :: ektand
|
||
- past participle :: ektit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | ektar | ektir | ekt | ektumk |
|
||
| 2s | | ektar | ektir | ekt | ekttisk |
|
||
| 3s | | ektar | ektir | ekt | ekttisk |
|
||
| 1p | | ektum | ektim | ektum | ektumk |
|
||
| 2p | | ektið | ektið | ektuð | ekttisk |
|
||
| 3p | | ektið | ektið | ektuð | ekttisk |
|
||
|
||
*** ektakon(a)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ˈekt.a.ˌkon)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#ekt-a][ekt(a)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#kon-a][kon(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. wife
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#kon-a][kon(a)]]
|
||
|
||
*** ektaman
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈekt.a.ˌman)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#ekt-a][ekt(a)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]]
|
||
|
||
1. husband
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]]
|
||
|
||
*** eld
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(eld)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#eldr2][eldr]]
|
||
|
||
1. fire, the phenomenon of combustion characterised by the emission of
|
||
heat and light
|
||
2. passion, intensity, driving force, strong emotion or enthusiasm;
|
||
intense feeling or desire; a powerful and motivating force
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann havir eld fyrir verkit hennum
|
||
|
||
He has great passion for his project
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | eldr | eldinn | eldr | eldinn |
|
||
| Acc. | eld | eldin | eld | eldin |
|
||
| Dat. | eld | eldin | eldum | eldinum |
|
||
| Gen. | eldar | eldins | eldar | eldin |
|
||
|
||
*** ell(a)
|
||
{{{phon(elː)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ella#Old_Norse][ella]], see also [[file:./dictionary.md#eð][eð]]
|
||
|
||
1. (adv.) else, or, otherwise
|
||
2. (conj.) or
|
||
|
||
*** en
|
||
conj. {{{phon(en)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#en2][en]]. See also [[file:./dictionary.md#nem][nem]]
|
||
|
||
1. yet, still
|
||
2. but (general purpose, links phrases as in English)
|
||
|
||
*** eng(i)
|
||
det. {{{phon(eŋ)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#ein-n][ein(n)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#i-g][-(i)g]]
|
||
|
||
1. no, not any
|
||
2. any (after negative or comparative)
|
||
|
||
For the indefinite pronoun usage, see [[file:grammar.md#indefinite-pronouns][Indefinite pronouns (grammar)]]
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of eng(i)
|
||
#+caption: eng-declension
|
||
| / | <r> | < | |
|
||
| | | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---+---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| | Sg.Nom. | eng | ekk |
|
||
| | Acc. | eng | ekk |
|
||
| | Dat. | engum | eng |
|
||
| | Gen. | engrar | enks |
|
||
| | Pl.Nom. | engar | eng |
|
||
| | Acc. | eng | eng |
|
||
| | Dat. | engum | engum |
|
||
| | Gen. | engr | engr |
|
||
|
||
*** engin
|
||
indef.pron. {{{phon(eŋen)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#eingi][enginn]]
|
||
|
||
1. no one, none
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | enginn | ekkert |
|
||
| Acc. | engin | ekkert |
|
||
| Dat. | engum | eng |
|
||
| Gen. | engrar | engrar |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | engar | engin |
|
||
| Acc. | engar | engin |
|
||
| Dat. | engum | engum |
|
||
| Gen. | engar | engar |
|
||
|
||
*** epil
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈepel)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#epli][epli]]
|
||
|
||
1. apple
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | epil | epilit | epill | epilitr |
|
||
| Acc. | epil | epilit | epil | epilit |
|
||
| Dat. | epil | epilit | epilum | epilitum |
|
||
| Gen. | epils | epilits | epils | epilit |
|
||
|
||
*** eptir
|
||
prep. {{{phon(eɸter)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#eptir][eptir]]
|
||
|
||
1. after
|
||
2. afterwards
|
||
3. according to, based on
|
||
4. in search of, seeking for
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ek em eptir Konung, kannuð ér sagja mér hvar es hann?
|
||
|
||
I’m looking for the King, can you tell me where he is?
|
||
|
||
| ek | em | eptir | konung |
|
||
| 1s.NOM | to.be.1s.PRES.IND | after | king |
|
||
|
||
| kann-uð | ér | sagja | mér | hvar | es | han-n |
|
||
| can-2p | 2p.NOM | to.tell | 1s.DAT | where | to.be.3s.PRES.IND | 3s.m-NOM |
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** eptirdag
|
||
adv. {{{phon(eɸterdɑj)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#eptir][eptir]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag (dative)]]
|
||
|
||
1. tomorrow
|
||
|
||
*** enn
|
||
adv. {{{phon(enː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#enn5][enn]]
|
||
|
||
1. yet
|
||
2. still
|
||
|
||
*** et(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(et)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#eta][eta]]
|
||
|
||
1. to eat
|
||
2. to consume
|
||
3. to burn fuel (generally fire)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: et
|
||
- imperative :: et
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: etask
|
||
- present participle :: etand
|
||
- past participle :: etat
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | etar | etir | át | etumk |
|
||
| 2s | | etar | etir | át | esk |
|
||
| 3s | | etar | etir | át | esk |
|
||
| 1p | | etum | etim | átum | etimk |
|
||
| 2p | | etið | etið | átuð | etisk |
|
||
| 3p | | etið | etið | átuð | etisk |
|
||
|
||
*** eð
|
||
conj. {{{phon(eð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/e.php#e%C3%B0r][eða]]
|
||
|
||
Dialectal variety of [[file:./dictionary.md#ell-a][ell(a)]]
|
||
|
||
** É
|
||
** F
|
||
*** fað(i)
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(fað)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fa%C3%B0ir][faðir]]
|
||
|
||
1. father, plural /feð/
|
||
|
||
Re-analysis of sg. /faðir/ and pl. /feðir/ as /fað/ and /feð/ respectively,
|
||
each appended with a grammatical /-r/ or /-ir/ (which later got reduced to
|
||
/-r/).
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | faðr | faðinn | feðr | feðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | fað | faðin | feð | feðin |
|
||
| Dat. | fað | faðin | feðum | feðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | faðar | faðins | feðar | feðin |
|
||
|
||
*** far(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(far)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fara-A][fara]]
|
||
|
||
1. to go, to travel
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: far
|
||
- imperative :: far
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: farsk
|
||
- present participle :: farand
|
||
- past participle :: farit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+--------------------+---------------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | ferar | ferir | fert | ferumk |
|
||
| 2s | | ferar | ferir | fert | ferisk |
|
||
| 3s | | ferar | ferir | fert | ferisk |
|
||
| 1p | | farum | farim | farum | farumk |
|
||
| 2p | | farið | farið | faruð | farask |
|
||
| 3p | | farið | farið | faruð | farask |
|
||
|
||
*** fár
|
||
adj. and indef.pron. {{{phon(fɛ̀r)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#f%C3%A1r3][fár]]
|
||
|
||
1. few, in small numbers
|
||
|
||
The pronoun is usually in its plural form while the singular form is
|
||
reserved for the adjective.
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | fárr | fárt |
|
||
| Acc. | fár | fárt |
|
||
| Dat. | fárum | fárum |
|
||
| Gen. | fárs | fárs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | fárar | fár |
|
||
| Acc. | fár | fár |
|
||
| Dat. | fárum | fárum |
|
||
| Gen. | fárar | fárr |
|
||
|
||
*** feð
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(feð)}}}
|
||
|
||
See [[file:dictionary.md#fað][/fað/]]
|
||
|
||
*** ferð
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ferð)}}}, from EON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fj%C3%B6r%C3%B0r][ferðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. fjord, bay
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | ferðr | ferðinn | ferðr | ferðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | ferð | ferðin | ferð | ferðin |
|
||
| Dat. | ferð | ferðin | ferðum | ferðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | ferðar | ferðins | ferðar | ferðin |
|
||
|
||
*** fé
|
||
in.n.mass. {{{phon(fɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#f%C3%A9][fé]]
|
||
|
||
1. wealth
|
||
|
||
| | Singular | Plural |
|
||
|------+----------+--------|
|
||
| Nom. | fé | fé |
|
||
| Acc. | fé | fé |
|
||
| Dat. | fé | fém |
|
||
| Gen. | fés | fés |
|
||
|
||
*** fisk
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(fiʃk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fiskr][fiskr]]
|
||
|
||
1. fish
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | fiskr | fiskinn | fiskr | fiskinn |
|
||
| Acc. | fisk | fiskin | fisk | fiskin |
|
||
| Dat. | fisk | fiskin | fiskum | fiskinum |
|
||
| Gen. | fiskar | fiskins | fiskar | fiskin |
|
||
|
||
*** fjall
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(fjɑlː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fjall][fjall]]
|
||
|
||
1. mountain
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | fjall | fjallit | fjall | fjallitr |
|
||
| Acc. | fjall | fjallit | fjall | fjallit |
|
||
| Dat. | fjall | fjallit | fjallum | fjallitum |
|
||
| Gen. | fjalls | fjallits | fjalls | fjallit |
|
||
|
||
*** flekk
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(flek)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#flekkr][flekkr]]
|
||
|
||
1. spot, e.g. of colour
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | flekkr | flekkinn | flekkr | flekkinn |
|
||
| Acc. | flekk | flekkin | flekk | flekkin |
|
||
| Dat. | flekk | flekkin | flekkum | flekkinum |
|
||
| Gen. | flekkar | flekkins | flekkar | flekkin |
|
||
|
||
*** foreld
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈfor.eld)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#forellri][foreldri]]
|
||
|
||
1. parent
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | foreldr | foreldinn | foreldr | foreldinn |
|
||
| Acc. | foreld | foreldin | foreld | foreldin |
|
||
| Dat. | foreld | foreldin | foreldum | foreldinum |
|
||
| Gen. | foreldir | foreldins | foreldir | foreldin |
|
||
|
||
*** Frídag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(frèdaɣ)}}}, from EON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#frj%C3%A1dagr][fríadagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Friday, sixth day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** fogl
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(fogl̩)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fugl][fugl]]
|
||
|
||
1. bird
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | fugl | fuglinn | fugl | fuglinn |
|
||
| Acc. | fugl | fuglin | fugl | fuglin |
|
||
| Dat. | fugl | fuglin | fuglum | fuglinum |
|
||
| Gen. | fuglar | fuglins | fuglar | fuglin |
|
||
|
||
*** fylgj(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(fyʎ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/f.php#fylgja2][fylgja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to follow
|
||
2. to stand with (metaphorically)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: fylgja {{{phon(fyʎ)}}}
|
||
- imperative :: fylgja {{{phon(fyʎ)}}}
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: fylgjask
|
||
- present participle :: fylgjand
|
||
- past participle :: fylgjat
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | fylgjar | fylir | fylgjat | fylgjumk |
|
||
| 2s | | fylgjar | fylir | fylgjat | fylðisk |
|
||
| 3s | | fylgjar | fylir | fylgjat | fylðisk |
|
||
| 1p | | fylgjum | fylim | fylgjum | fylgjumk |
|
||
| 2p | | fylið | fylið | fylgjuð | fylðisk |
|
||
| 3p | | fylið | fylið | fylgjuð | fylðisk |
|
||
|
||
** G
|
||
*** gamal
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ˈjɑmɑl)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gamall-I][gamall]]
|
||
|
||
1. old, ancient
|
||
2. old (age)
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+---------+---------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | gamall | gamalar |
|
||
| Acc. | gamalum | gamalum |
|
||
| Dat. | gamal | gamal |
|
||
| Gen. | gamal | gamalar |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | gamals | gamals |
|
||
| Acc. | gamalum | gamalum |
|
||
| Dat. | gamalt | gamal |
|
||
| Gen. | gamalt | gamall |
|
||
|
||
*** gauð
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(jɔʊð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gau%C3%B0][gauð]] (/a barking/)
|
||
|
||
1. a quarrel
|
||
2. a heated debate /(informal)/
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *jauð*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | gauð | gauðit | gauðr | gauðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | gauð | gauðit | gauð | gauðit |
|
||
| Dat. | gauð | gauðit | gauðum | gauðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | gauðs | gauðits | gauðs | gauðit |
|
||
|
||
*** gauð(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(jɔʊð)}}}, from Eittlandic [[file:./dictionary.md#gauð][gauð]]
|
||
|
||
1. to have a quarrel
|
||
2. to argue, have a heated debate /(informal)/
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *jauð*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: gauð
|
||
- imperative :: gauð
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: gauðask
|
||
- present participle :: gauðand
|
||
- past participle :: gauðin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | gauðar | gauðir | gauðt | gauðumk |
|
||
| 2s | | gauðar | gauðir | gauðt | gauððisk |
|
||
| 3s | | gauðar | gauðir | gauðt | gauððisk |
|
||
| 1p | | gauðum | gauðim | gauðum | gauðumk |
|
||
| 2p | | gauðið | gauðið | gauðuð | gauððisk |
|
||
| 3p | | gauðið | gauðið | gauðuð | gauððisk |
|
||
|
||
*** gef
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(jev)}}}, from Early Old Norse [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gj%C7%ABf#Old_Norse][gjef]]
|
||
|
||
1. gift, present
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *jev*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | gefr | gefinn | gefr | gefinn |
|
||
| Acc. | gef | gefin | gef | gefin |
|
||
| Dat. | gef | gefin | gefum | gefinum |
|
||
| Gen. | gefar | gefins | gefar | gefin |
|
||
|
||
*** gegn
|
||
adv. {{{phon(jeɡn̩)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gegn#Old_Norse][gegn]]
|
||
|
||
1. against, opposing
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *jegn*
|
||
|
||
*** geit
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(jɑɪt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#geit][geit]]
|
||
|
||
1. she-goat
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | geitr | geitinn | geitr | geitinn |
|
||
| Acc. | geit | geitin | geit | geitin |
|
||
| Dat. | geit | geitin | geitum | geitinum |
|
||
| Gen. | geitar | geitins | geitar | geitin |
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#haf][haf]]
|
||
|
||
*** ger(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(jer)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#g%C3%B6ra][göra]]
|
||
|
||
1. to do, to make
|
||
2. to act
|
||
|
||
Unlike its English counterpart /to do/, the Eittlandic verb /ger(a)/ is
|
||
not a modal verb.
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: ger
|
||
- imperative :: ger
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: gerask
|
||
- present participle :: gerand
|
||
- past participle :: gerð
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | ger | ger | gerð | gerumk |
|
||
| 2s | | gerar | gerir | gerðir | gerisk |
|
||
| 3s | | gerar | ger | gerðir | gerisk |
|
||
| 1p | | gerum | gerim | gerðum | gerumk |
|
||
| 2p | | gerið | gerið | gerðuð | gerisk |
|
||
| 3p | | ger | ger | gerð | gerisk |
|
||
|
||
*** gleym(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ɡløʏm)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gleyma][gleyma]]
|
||
|
||
1. to forget
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *gløym*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: gleym
|
||
- imperative :: gleym
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: gleymsk
|
||
- present participle :: gleymand
|
||
- past participle :: gleymit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+--------------------+---------------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | gleymar | gleymir | gleymt | gleymumk |
|
||
| 2s | | gleymar | gleymir | gleymt | gleymask |
|
||
| 3s | | gleymar | gleymir | gleymt | gleymask |
|
||
| 1p | | gleymum | gleymir | gleymum | gleymumk |
|
||
| 2p | | gleymið | gleymið | gleymuð | gleymask |
|
||
| 3p | | gleymið | gleymið | gleymuð | gleymask |
|
||
|
||
The verb /gleym/ takes a dative instead of an accusative.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
1. Ek gleymr opt lykillinum
|
||
|
||
| ek | gleym-r | opt | lykill-inum |
|
||
| 1s.NOM | forget-1s.PRES | often | key-pl.DAT.DEF. |
|
||
|
||
I often forget the keys
|
||
|
||
2. Hann haft gleymt at far til borgin
|
||
|
||
| hann | haft | gleymt | at | far | til | borg-in |
|
||
| 3s.m.NOM | have.3s.PST | forget.3s.PST | to.DAT | go.INF | to | city-sg.DAT.DEF |
|
||
|
||
He forgot to go to the city.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** goð
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(joð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#go%C3%B0-A-IV-2][goð]]
|
||
|
||
1. monotheistic God, mainly Christian, but also Jewish and Muslim
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | goð | goðit | goð | goðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | goð | goðit | goð | goðit |
|
||
| Dat. | goð | goðit | goðum | goðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | goðs | goðits | goðs | goðit |
|
||
|
||
*** góð
|
||
adj. {{{phon(jɔ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#g%C3%B3%C3%B0r-1][góðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. good
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | góðr | góðt |
|
||
| Acc. | góð | góðt |
|
||
| Dat. | góðum | góðum |
|
||
| Gen. | góðs | góðs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | góðar | góð |
|
||
| Acc. | góð | góð |
|
||
| Dat. | góðum | góðum |
|
||
| Gen. | góðar | góðr |
|
||
|
||
*** grað(a)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ɡrað)}}}, from Latin [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradus#Latin][gradus]]
|
||
|
||
1. degree (general)
|
||
2. degree (scholar)
|
||
3. degree (geometry)
|
||
4. degree (temperature)
|
||
5. grade (scholar)
|
||
6. military rank
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | grað | graðat | graðr | graðatr |
|
||
| Acc. | grað | graðat | grað | graðat |
|
||
| Dat. | grað | graðat | graðum | graðatum |
|
||
| Gen. | graðs | graðats | graðs | graðat |
|
||
|
||
*** grann(i)
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(ɡrɑnː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#granni][granni]]
|
||
|
||
1. neighbour, someone who lives nearby
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#bu][bú]]
|
||
|
||
*** grá
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ɡrɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gr%C3%A1r][grár]]
|
||
|
||
1. grey, silver (colour)
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | grár | grát |
|
||
| Acc. | grá | grát |
|
||
| Dat. | grámum | grámum |
|
||
| Gen. | grás | grás |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | grárar | grá |
|
||
| Acc. | grá | grá |
|
||
| Dat. | grámum | grámum |
|
||
| Gen. | grárar | grár |
|
||
|
||
*** grœn
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ɡrœn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gr%C3%A6nn][grǿnn]]
|
||
|
||
1. green
|
||
2. fresh
|
||
3. hopeful, good, happy
|
||
4. sn.m. Greenlander (derogatory)
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declensions of /grœn/ as an adjective
|
||
#+caption: groen-adj-declension
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | grœnn | grœnt |
|
||
| Acc. | grœn | grœnt |
|
||
| Dat. | grœnum | grœnum |
|
||
| Gen. | grœns | grœns |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | grœnar | grœn |
|
||
| Acc. | grœn | grœn |
|
||
| Dat. | grœnum | grœnum |
|
||
| Gen. | grœnar | grœnn |
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declensions of /grœn/ as a noun
|
||
#+caption: groen-noun-declension
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | grœnn | grœninn | grœnn | grœninn |
|
||
| Acc. | grœn | grœnin | grœn | grœnin |
|
||
| Dat. | grœn | grœnin | grœnum | grœninum |
|
||
| Gen. | grœnar | grœnins | grœnar | grœnin |
|
||
|
||
*** gul
|
||
{{{phon(jul)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#gull][gull]]
|
||
|
||
1. sn.n. gold (uncountable, singular only)
|
||
2. sn.n. jewelry (countable)
|
||
3. adj. golden, yellow
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of /gul/ as an adjective
|
||
#+caption: gul-adjective-declension
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | gull | gult |
|
||
| Acc. | gul | gult |
|
||
| Dat. | gulum | gulum |
|
||
| Gen. | guls | guls |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | gular | gul |
|
||
| Acc. | gul | gul |
|
||
| Dat. | gulum | gulum |
|
||
| Gen. | gular | gull |
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declensions of /gul/ as a noun
|
||
#+caption: gul-noun-declension
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | gul | gulit | gul | gulitr |
|
||
| Acc. | gul | gulit | gul | gulit |
|
||
| Dat. | gul | gulit | gulum | gulitum |
|
||
| Gen. | guls | gulits | guls | gulit |
|
||
|
||
** H
|
||
*** haf
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(hɑf)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hafr][hafr]]
|
||
|
||
1. he-goat
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | hafr | hafinn | hafr | hafinn |
|
||
| Acc. | haf | hafin | haf | hafin |
|
||
| Dat. | haf | hafin | hafum | hafinum |
|
||
| Gen. | hafar | hafins | hafar | hafin |
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#geit][geit]]
|
||
|
||
*** han
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(hɑn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hani][hani]]
|
||
|
||
1. a rooster, a cock (animal only)
|
||
2. someone who is excessively proud, boastful, or self-important; a
|
||
person who likes to show off or brag
|
||
3. a representation of vigilance, alertness, or watchfulness; a symbol
|
||
of being on guard or assertive
|
||
4. (slightly dated) a representation of masculinity, virility, or male
|
||
strength; a symbol of male dominance or prowess; used negatively by
|
||
most native speakers that are not elderly
|
||
5. (dated) someone who is a leader or a dominant figure in a group; a
|
||
person who likes being in charge of and guiding others
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | han | hanit | hanr | hanitr |
|
||
| Acc. | han | hanit | han | hanit |
|
||
| Dat. | han | hanit | hanum | hanitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hans | hanits | hans | hanit |
|
||
|
||
*** hav(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(haβ)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hafa#Old_Norse][hafa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to have
|
||
2. stative auxilliary
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hav
|
||
- imperative :: hav (except 2p /haft/)
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hafsk (except 1p /havumsk/)
|
||
- present participle :: havand
|
||
- past participle :: hafr
|
||
|
||
| | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Indicative Past | Subjunctive Past |
|
||
|----+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+------------------|
|
||
| 1s | hav | hav | haft | haft |
|
||
| 2s | havir | havir | haftir | haftir |
|
||
| 3s | havir | hav | haft | haft |
|
||
| 1p | havum | havim | haft | haft |
|
||
| 2p | haft | haft | haftuð | haftið |
|
||
| 3p | hav | hav | haft | haft |
|
||
|
||
Note that there is no difference between singular and plural when
|
||
using hav(a) in the passive voice.
|
||
| | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Indicative Past | Subjunctive Past |
|
||
|---+---------------------+---------------------+-----------------+------------------|
|
||
| 1 | havumk | havumk | havumk | heðumk |
|
||
| 2 | hafsk | havisk | havisk | heðisk |
|
||
| 3 | hafsk | havisk | havisk | heðisk |
|
||
|
||
*** hás(s)
|
||
adj. {{{phon(hɛ̀s)}}}, from EON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#h%C3%B6ss][háss]]
|
||
|
||
1. white (hair colour)
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | háss | hást |
|
||
| Acc. | hás | hást |
|
||
| Dat. | hásum | hásum |
|
||
| Gen. | háss | háss |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | hásar | hás |
|
||
| Acc. | hás | hás |
|
||
| Dat. | hásum | hásum |
|
||
| Gen. | hásar | háss |
|
||
|
||
*** háv
|
||
adj. {{{phon(hɛ̀f)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. tall, high
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | hár | hávt |
|
||
| Acc. | háv | hávt |
|
||
| Dat. | hávum | hávum |
|
||
| Gen. | hávs | hávs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | hávar | háv |
|
||
| Acc. | háv | háv |
|
||
| Dat. | hávum | hávum |
|
||
| Gen. | hávar | hávr |
|
||
|
||
*** hávn
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(hɛ̀vn̩)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. haven, port, harbour
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hávnn | hávninn | hávnn | hávninn |
|
||
| Acc. | hávn | hávnin | hávn | hávnin |
|
||
| Dat. | hávn | hávnin | hávnum | hávninum |
|
||
| Gen. | hávnar | hávnins | hávnar | hávnin |
|
||
|
||
*** hávuð
|
||
in.n. {{{phon(hɛ̀βoð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#h%C3%B6fu%C3%B0-A][hǫfuð]]
|
||
|
||
1. head (body)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hávuð | hávuðit | hávuð | hávuðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hávuð | hávuðit | hávuð | hávuðit |
|
||
| Dat. | háð | háðit | hávum | hávitum |
|
||
| Gen. | háðs | háðits | háðs | háðit |
|
||
|
||
*** háðsdýn
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(ˈhɛ̀ðzˌdø̀n)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#havuð][hávuð]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#dyn-a][dýn(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. pillow, litt. “head-mattress”
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#dyn-a][dýn(a)]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** hef
|
||
sv. {{{phon(hef)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hefja-A][hefja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to heave, lift, raise, move something upward
|
||
2. to elevate or raise the status or importance of something
|
||
3. to remove or alleviate a burden or difficultyu
|
||
4. to enhance or improve something
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hef
|
||
- imperative :: hef
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hefjask
|
||
- present participle :: hefjand
|
||
- past participle :: hefit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | hefjar | hefir | heft | hefjumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hefjar | hefir | heft | hefsk |
|
||
| 3s | | hefjar | hefir | heft | hefisk |
|
||
| 1p | | hefjum | hefim | hefjum | hefjumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hefið | hefið | hefjuð | hefisk |
|
||
| 3p | | hefið | hefið | hefjuð | hefisk |
|
||
|
||
*** heim
|
||
{{{phon(hɑɪm)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. sn.m. home
|
||
2. adv. (at) home
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of /heim/ as a noun
|
||
#+caption: heim-noun-declension
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | heimr | heiminn | heimr | heiminn |
|
||
| Acc. | heim | heimin | heim | heimin |
|
||
| Dat. | heim | heimin | heimum | heiminum |
|
||
| Gen. | heimar | heimins | heimar | heimin |
|
||
|
||
*** heils(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(hɑ:ɪls)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/heilsa#Old_Norse][heilsa]]
|
||
|
||
1. health
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | heils | heilsat | heilsr | heilsatr |
|
||
| Acc. | heils | heilsat | heils | heilsat |
|
||
| Dat. | heils | heilsat | heilsum | heilsatum |
|
||
| Gen. | heilsas | heilsats | heilsas | heilsat |
|
||
|
||
*** her
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(her)}}}, from Danish /herr/.
|
||
|
||
1. lord
|
||
2. Sir, title
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | her | herit | herr | heritr |
|
||
| Acc. | her | herit | her | herit |
|
||
| Dat. | her | herit | herum | heritum |
|
||
| Gen. | hers | herits | hers | herit |
|
||
|
||
*** hest
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(heʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hestr][hestr]]
|
||
|
||
1. horse (generic term)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hestr | hestinn | hestr | hestinn |
|
||
| Acc. | hest | hestin | hest | hestin |
|
||
| Dat. | hest | hestin | hestum | hestinum |
|
||
| Gen. | hestar | hestins | hestar | hestin |
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#hros][hros]]
|
||
|
||
*** himin
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(him.in)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#himinn-note][himinn]]
|
||
|
||
1. sky (generic term)
|
||
2. Christian heaven
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | himinn | himininn | himinn | himininn |
|
||
| Acc. | himin | himinin | himin | himinin |
|
||
| Dat. | himin | himinin | himinum | himininum |
|
||
| Gen. | himinar | himinins | himinar | himinin |
|
||
|
||
*** historja
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(heʃtˈorjə)}}}, from Latin [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/historia#Latin][historia]]
|
||
|
||
1. history (school subject)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | historja | historjat | historjar | historjatr |
|
||
| Acc. | historja | historjat | historja | historjat |
|
||
| Dat. | historja | historjat | historjum | historjatum |
|
||
| Gen. | historjas | historjats | historjas | historjat |
|
||
|
||
*** hjá
|
||
adj. {{{phon(çɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hj%C3%A1][hjá]]
|
||
|
||
1. near, next to, by (physically and metaphorically)
|
||
2. soon
|
||
3. by (a book /by/ this author)
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | hjár | hját |
|
||
| Acc. | hjá | hját |
|
||
| Dat. | hjámum | hjámum |
|
||
| Gen. | hjás | hjás |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | hjárar | hjá |
|
||
| Acc. | hjá | hjá |
|
||
| Dat. | hjámum | hjámum |
|
||
| Gen. | hjárar | hjár |
|
||
|
||
*** hjól
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(çɔl)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hj%C3%B3l#Old_Norse][hjól]]
|
||
|
||
1. wheel
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hjól | hjólit | hjól | hjólitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hjól | hjólit | hjól | hjólit |
|
||
| Dat. | hjól | hjólit | hjólum | hjólitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hjóls | hjólits | hjóls | hjólit |
|
||
|
||
*** hlaup(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ɬɔp)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hlaupa][hlaupa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to run
|
||
2. to rush (figuratively), to hurry
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hlaup
|
||
- imperative :: hlaup
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hlaupask
|
||
- present participle :: hlaupand
|
||
- past participle :: hlaupit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | hlaupar | hlaupir | hlaupt | hlaupumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hlaupar | hlaupir | hlaupt | hlaupask |
|
||
| 3s | | hlaupar | hlaupir | hlaupt | hlaupask |
|
||
| 1p | | hlaupum | hlaupim | hlaupum | hlaupumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hlaupið | hlaupið | hlaupuð | hlaupask |
|
||
| 3p | | hlaupið | hlaupið | hlaupuð | hlaupask |
|
||
|
||
*** hler(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ɬer)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hlera][hlera]]
|
||
|
||
1. to hear
|
||
2. to eaves-drop (accidentaly)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hler
|
||
- imperative :: hler
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hlerask (except 1p /hlerumk/)
|
||
- present participle :: hlerand
|
||
- past participle :: hlerit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+--------------------+---------------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | hlerar | hlerir | hlert | hlerumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hlerar | hlerir | hlert | hlerask |
|
||
| 3s | | hlerar | hlerir | hlert | hlerask |
|
||
| 1p | | hlerum | hlerim | hlerum | hlerumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hlerið | hlerið | hleruð | hlerask |
|
||
| 3p | | hlerið | hlerið | hleruð | hlerask |
|
||
|
||
Its secondary argument is always a secondary noun phrase following /tíl/
|
||
if there is one. If the secondary argument only is a noun, it will
|
||
bear the dative case if the speaker’s dialect uses cases. See
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#hlust-a][hlust(a)]].
|
||
|
||
*** hleð
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ɬeð)}}}, from EON /hleða/, see ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hlj%C3%B3%C3%B0][hljóð]]
|
||
|
||
1. sound, noise, thing heard
|
||
2. unintelligible speech or conversation
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hleð | hleðit | hleð | hleðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hleð | hleðit | hleð | hleðit |
|
||
| Dat. | hleð | hleðit | hleðum | hleðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hleðs | hleðits | hleðs | hleðit |
|
||
|
||
*** hleð(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ɬeð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#hleð][hleð]]
|
||
|
||
1. to make a noise
|
||
2. (colloquial) to speak in a manner inconvinencing other people
|
||
around the speaker (e.g. loudly in a bus or on the train)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hleð
|
||
- imperative :: hleð
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hleðsk
|
||
- present participle :: hleðand
|
||
- past participle :: hleðat
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | hleðar | hleðir | hleðt | hleðumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hleðar | hleðir | hleðt | hleðask |
|
||
| 3s | | hleðar | hleðir | hleðt | hleðask |
|
||
| 1p | | hleðum | hleðim | hleðum | hleðumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hleðið | hleðið | hleðuð | hleðask |
|
||
| 3p | | hleðið | hleðið | hleðuð | hleðask |
|
||
|
||
*** hlóð
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(l̥ɔð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hl%C3%B3%C3%B0][hlóð]]
|
||
|
||
1. hearth
|
||
2. living room
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hlóð | hlóðit | hlóðr | hlóðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hlóð | hlóðit | hlóð | hlóðit |
|
||
| Dat. | hlóð | hlóðit | hlóðum | hlóðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hlóðs | hlóðits | hlóðs | hlóðit |
|
||
|
||
*** hlust(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(ɬuʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hlusta][hlusta]]
|
||
|
||
1. to listen to
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hlust
|
||
- imperative :: hlust
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hlustask (except 1p /hlustumk/)
|
||
- present participle :: hlustand
|
||
- past participle :: hlustit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Indicative Present | Subjunctive Present | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+--------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| 1s | | hlustar | hlustir | hlustat | hlustumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hlustar | hlustir | hlustat | hlusttask |
|
||
| 3s | | hlustar | hlustir | hlustat | hlusttask |
|
||
| 1p | | hlustum | hlustim | hlustum | hlustumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hlustið | hlustið | hlustuð | hlusttask |
|
||
| 3p | | hlustið | hlustið | hlustuð | hlusttask |
|
||
|
||
Its secondary argument is always a secondary noun phrase following /tíl/
|
||
if there is one. If the secondary argument only is a noun, it will
|
||
bear the dative case if the speaker’s dialect uses cases. See
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
1. Han hlustr henn
|
||
|
||
He’s listening to her
|
||
|
||
2. Hlustr þú til hvat sagjar ek?
|
||
|
||
Are you listening to what I am saying?
|
||
|
||
3. Vér hlustum eigi
|
||
|
||
We did not listen
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** hneis(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(n̥ɑ:ɪs)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hneisa][hneisa]]
|
||
|
||
1. shame, disgrace, fear
|
||
2. reclusion (out of shame or out of fear)
|
||
3. social isolation
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hneis | hneisat | hneisr | hneisatr |
|
||
| Acc. | hneis | hneisat | hneis | hneisat |
|
||
| Dat. | hneis | hneisat | hneisum | hneisatum |
|
||
| Gen. | hneisas | hneisats | hneisas | hneisat |
|
||
|
||
*** hneising
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪsinɡ)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. hermit
|
||
2. (modern) shut-in, hikikomori
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+-------------+------------+--------------|
|
||
| Nom. | hneising | hneisingit | hneisingr | hneisingitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hneising | hneisingit | hneising | hneisingit |
|
||
| Dat. | hneising | hneisingit | hneisingum | hneisingitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hneisings | hneisingits | hneisings | hneisingit |
|
||
|
||
*** hnjós(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ɲ̥ɔ̀ːs)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hnj%C3%B3sa][hnjósa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to sneeze
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hnjós
|
||
- imperative :: hnjós
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hnjósask
|
||
- present participle :: hnjósand
|
||
- past participle :: hnjósit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | hnjósar | hnjósir | hnjóst | hnjósumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hnjósar | hnjósir | hnjóst | hnjósask |
|
||
| 3s | | hnjósar | hnjósir | hnjóst | hnjósask |
|
||
| 1p | | hnjósum | hnjósim | hnjósum | hnjósumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hnjósið | hnjósið | hnjósuð | hnjósask |
|
||
| 3p | | hnjósið | hnjósið | hnjósuð | hnjósask |
|
||
|
||
*** hóst
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(hɔ̀ʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#h%C3%B3str][hóstr]]
|
||
|
||
1. lower part of the throat
|
||
2. chest
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hóstr | hóstinn | hóstr | hóstinn |
|
||
| Acc. | hóst | hóstin | hóst | hóstin |
|
||
| Dat. | hóst | hóstin | hóstum | hóstinum |
|
||
| Gen. | hóstar | hóstins | hóstar | hóstin |
|
||
|
||
*** hrifs
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(r̥ivs)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hrifs][hrifs]]
|
||
|
||
1. assault, mugging
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *hrivs*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hrifs | hrifsit | hrifsr | hrifsitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hrifs | hrifsit | hrifs | hrifsit |
|
||
| Dat. | hrifs | hrifsit | hrifsum | hrifsitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hrifs | hrifsits | hrifs | hrifsit |
|
||
|
||
*** hring
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(r̥iŋ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hringr-I][hringr]]
|
||
|
||
1. ring
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hringr | hringinn | hringr | hringinn |
|
||
| Acc. | hring | hringin | hring | hringin |
|
||
| Dat. | hring | hringin | hringum | hringinum |
|
||
| Gen. | hringar | hringins | hringar | hringin |
|
||
|
||
*** Hringarherinssagat
|
||
pn. {{{phon(ˈr̥iŋarˌherensˌsɑjɑt)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. /The Lord of the Rings/, litt. /The Story of the Lord of the Ring/
|
||
|
||
*** hros
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(r̩os)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hross][hross]]
|
||
|
||
1. horse; archaic, poetic word with a connotation of nobility,
|
||
strength, or wilderness
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hros | hrosit | hros | hrositr |
|
||
| Acc. | hros | hrosit | hros | hrosit |
|
||
| Dat. | hros | hrosit | hrosum | hrositum |
|
||
| Gen. | hross | hrosits | hross | hrosit |
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#hest][hest]]
|
||
|
||
*** hug(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(huj)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. to mind, to think
|
||
2. to dwell on
|
||
3. to meditate
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hug
|
||
- imperative :: hug
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hugask
|
||
- present participle :: hugand
|
||
- past participle :: hugit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | hugar | hugir | hugat | hugumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hugar | hugir | hugat | hugask |
|
||
| 3s | | hugar | hugir | hugat | hugask |
|
||
| 1p | | hugum | hugim | hugum | hugumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hugið | hugið | huguð | hugask |
|
||
| 3p | | hugið | hugið | huguð | hugask |
|
||
|
||
*** hugaleið(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(ˌhujœˈlɑːɪð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#hug-a][hug(a)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#leið-a][leið(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. lead, guide spiritually or philosophically
|
||
2. officiate a religious event
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: hugaleið
|
||
- imperative :: hugaleið
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: hugaleiðask
|
||
- present participhugale :: hugaleiðand
|
||
- past participhugale :: hugaleiðit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind Pres | Subj. Pres. | Past | Pass. |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+------------+--------------|
|
||
| 1s | | hugaleiðar | hugaleiðir | hugaleiðt | hugaleiðumk |
|
||
| 2s | | hugaleiðar | hugaleiðir | hugaleiðt | hugaleiððisk |
|
||
| 3s | | hugaleiðar | hugaleiðir | hugaleiðt | hugaleiððisk |
|
||
| 1p | | hugaleiðum | hugaleiðim | hugaleiðum | hugaleiðumk |
|
||
| 2p | | hugaleiðið | hugaleiðið | hugaleiðuð | hugaleiððisk |
|
||
| 3p | | hugaleiðið | hugaleiðið | hugaleiðuð | hugaleiððisk |
|
||
|
||
*** hund
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(hund)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hundr][hundr]]
|
||
|
||
1. dog
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hundr | hundinn | hundr | hundinn |
|
||
| Acc. | hund | hundin | hund | hundin |
|
||
| Dat. | hund | hundin | hundum | hundinum |
|
||
| Gen. | hundar | hundins | hundar | hundin |
|
||
|
||
*** hús
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(hòs)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#h%C3%BAs][hús]]
|
||
|
||
1. house
|
||
2. family
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | hús | húsit | hús | húsitr |
|
||
| Acc. | hús | húsit | hús | húsit |
|
||
| Dat. | hús | húsit | húsum | húsitum |
|
||
| Gen. | hús | húsits | hús | húsit |
|
||
|
||
*** hvar
|
||
pron. {{{phon(ʍar)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hvar#Old_Norse][hvar]]
|
||
|
||
1. where
|
||
|
||
Always in the dative case.
|
||
|
||
*** hvat
|
||
interr. {{{phon(ʍɑt)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hvat#Old_Norse][hvat]]
|
||
|
||
1. what
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+------|
|
||
| Nom. | hvat |
|
||
| Acc. | hvat |
|
||
| Dat. | hvat |
|
||
| Gen. | hves |
|
||
|
||
*** hvenár
|
||
interr. {{{phon(ʍenˈɛ̀r)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hvenar][hvenær]]
|
||
|
||
1. when
|
||
|
||
*** hver
|
||
interr. and pron. {{{phon(ʍer)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hverr2-A][hverr]]
|
||
|
||
1. which, who
|
||
2. every, every one, each
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+------|
|
||
| Nom. | hver |
|
||
| Acc. | hven |
|
||
| Dat. | hvem |
|
||
| Gen. | hves |
|
||
|
||
When used in its /every/ meaning, the following noun or noun phrase can
|
||
be singular only. If the dialect still uses declensions, the noun will
|
||
bear the genitive case while /hver/ bears the original case. Can only be
|
||
used with countable nouns.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: Example
|
||
- Ér hlustið til hver sagjar han
|
||
|
||
You’re listening to everything he/she says
|
||
|
||
- Hver át epil mín?
|
||
|
||
Who / which one of you ate my apple?
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** hvernig
|
||
interr. {{{phon(ˈʍerneɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hvernig][hvernig]]
|
||
|
||
1. how, in what way
|
||
|
||
*** hversdag
|
||
{{{phon(hversdaj)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#hver][hver]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]
|
||
|
||
1. adj. daily, everyday
|
||
2. adv. daily, everyday
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of /hversdag/ as an adjective
|
||
#+caption: hversdag-adjective-declension
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+------------+------------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | hversdagr | hversdagt |
|
||
| Acc. | hversdag | hversdagt |
|
||
| Dat. | hversdagum | hversdagum |
|
||
| Gen. | hversdags | hversdags |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | hversdagar | hversdag |
|
||
| Acc. | hversdag | hversdag |
|
||
| Dat. | hversdagum | hversdagum |
|
||
| Gen. | hversdagar | hversdagr |
|
||
|
||
*** hví
|
||
adv. {{{phon(ʍè)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hv%C3%AD#Old_Norse][hví]]
|
||
|
||
1. why
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *hve*
|
||
|
||
*** hvíl(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(ʍɛ̀l)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hv%C3%ADla2][hvíla]]
|
||
|
||
1. bedroom
|
||
2. family bed (dated)
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *hvel(a)*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | hvíl | hvílat | hvíll | hvílatr |
|
||
| Acc. | hvíl | hvílat | hvíl | hvílat |
|
||
| Dat. | hvíl | hvílat | hvílum | hvílatum |
|
||
| Gen. | hvíls | hvílats | hvíls | hvílat |
|
||
|
||
*** hvílskláð(i)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈʍèlskˌlɛ̀ð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#hvil-a][hvíl]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-i][kláð]]
|
||
|
||
1. bedroom clothes, evening clothes
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *hvelskléð(i)*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-i][kláð(i)]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** hvít
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ʍɛ̀t)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/h.php#hv%C3%ADtr][hvítr]]
|
||
|
||
1. white
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | hvítr | hvítt |
|
||
| Acc. | hvít | hvítt |
|
||
| Dat. | hvítum | hvítum |
|
||
| Gen. | hvíts | hvíts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | hvítar | hvít |
|
||
| Acc. | hvít | hvít |
|
||
| Dat. | hvítum | hvítum |
|
||
| Gen. | hvítar | hvítr |
|
||
|
||
** I
|
||
*** -g(i)
|
||
suffix {{{phon(iɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/g.php#-gi][-gi]]
|
||
|
||
1. negative, no, not
|
||
|
||
*** ikkí
|
||
interj. {{{phon(ixːə)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. How cold! Brr!
|
||
|
||
From an unkwnown Greenlandic language, compare with modern Greenlandic
|
||
/ikkii/.
|
||
|
||
*** inhald
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈinhald)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/i.php#innihald][innihald]]
|
||
|
||
1. written content
|
||
2. web page content
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | inhald | inhaldit | inhaldr | inhalditr |
|
||
| Acc. | inhald | inhaldit | inhald | inhaldit |
|
||
| Dat. | inhald | inhaldit | inhaldum | inhalditum |
|
||
| Gen. | inhalds | inhaldits | inhalds | inhaldit |
|
||
|
||
*** iþat
|
||
adv. {{{phon(iθat)}}}, from OE /eptir þat/.
|
||
|
||
1. nevertheless, nonetheless
|
||
|
||
Introduces an unexpected continuation or a contrast
|
||
|
||
*** Internet
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ent.ern.ˈet)}}}, from English /Internet/
|
||
|
||
1. Internet
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------------+-------------+------------+--------------|
|
||
| Nom. | Internetr | Internetinn | Internetr | Internetinn |
|
||
| Acc. | Internet | Internetin | Internet | Internetin |
|
||
| Dat. | Internet | Internetin | Internetum | Internetinum |
|
||
| Gen. | Internetar | Internetins | Internetar | Internetin |
|
||
|
||
** Í
|
||
*** ís
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ès)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/ii.php#%C3%ADss][íss]]
|
||
|
||
1. ice
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | íss | ísinn | íss | ísinn |
|
||
| Acc. | ís | ísin | ís | ísin |
|
||
| Dat. | ís | ísin | ísum | ísinum |
|
||
| Gen. | ísar | ísins | ísar | ísin |
|
||
|
||
** J
|
||
*** jak
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(jak)}}}, from Tibetan [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%82#Tibetan][yak (གཡག)]].
|
||
|
||
1. yak
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | yak | yakit | yakr | yakitr |
|
||
| Acc. | yak | yakit | yak | yakit |
|
||
| Dat. | yak | yakit | yakum | yakitum |
|
||
| Gen. | yaks | yakits | yaks | yakit |
|
||
|
||
*** já
|
||
{{{phon(jɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1#Old_Norse][já]]
|
||
|
||
1. adv. yes
|
||
2. interj. yes (as an exclamation of joy)
|
||
|
||
** K
|
||
*** kaup
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(kɔp)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kaup][kaup]]
|
||
|
||
1. commerce
|
||
2. bargain, barter
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *kóp*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | kaup | kaupit | kaupr | kaupitr |
|
||
| Acc. | kaup | kaupit | kaup | kaupit |
|
||
| Dat. | kaup | kaupit | kaupum | kaupitum |
|
||
| Gen. | kaups | kaupits | kaups | kaupit |
|
||
|
||
*** kaup(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(kɔp)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kaupa-B][kaupa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to make business by selling goods, to do commerce
|
||
2. to bargain, to barter
|
||
3. to exchange
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kaup
|
||
- imperative :: kaup
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: kaupask
|
||
- present participle :: kaupand
|
||
- past participle :: kaupit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+----------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | kaupar | kaupar | kaupar | kaupum |
|
||
| 2s | | kaupið | kaupið | kaupir | kaupir |
|
||
| 3s | | kaupir | kaupim | kaupið | kaupið |
|
||
| 1p | | kaupt | kaupt | kaupt | kaupum |
|
||
| 2p | | kaupuð | kaupuð | kaupumk | kaupisk |
|
||
| 3p | | kaupðisk | kaupumk | kaupðisk | kaupisk |
|
||
|
||
*** kann
|
||
iv.mod. {{{phon(kanː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kunna-A][kunna]]
|
||
|
||
1. can
|
||
2. to be able to
|
||
|
||
Note that, as a modal verb, /kann/ is onli conjugated in a handful of
|
||
tenses and moods
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kann
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Past and Subj. Pres. |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+----------------------|
|
||
| 1s | | kann | kunn |
|
||
| 2s | | kannt | kunn |
|
||
| 3s | | kann | kunn |
|
||
| 1p | | kannum | kunnim |
|
||
| 2p | | kannuð | kunnið |
|
||
| 3p | | kann | kunn |
|
||
|
||
*** káppok
|
||
adj. {{{phon(kɛ̀ɸːok)}}}, from Greenlandic /kaappoq/
|
||
|
||
1. peckish, a little hungry
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *kéffok*
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+----------+----------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | káppokr | káppokt |
|
||
| Acc. | káppok | káppokt |
|
||
| Dat. | káppokum | káppokum |
|
||
| Gen. | káppoks | káppoks |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | káppokar | káppok |
|
||
| Acc. | káppok | káppok |
|
||
| Dat. | káppokum | káppokum |
|
||
| Gen. | káppokar | káppokr |
|
||
|
||
*** kátt
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(kɛ̀t)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#k%C3%B6ttr][kǫttr]]
|
||
|
||
1. cat
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | káttr | káttinn | káttr | káttinn |
|
||
| Acc. | kátt | káttin | kátt | káttin |
|
||
| Dat. | kátt | káttin | káttum | káttinum |
|
||
| Gen. | káttar | káttins | káttar | káttin |
|
||
|
||
*** kenn(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(kenː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kenna-B][kenna]]
|
||
|
||
1. to know, to recognize
|
||
2. to teach, when the patient is a dative element
|
||
3. to perceive, to sense
|
||
4. to admit, to acknowledge when followed by an infinitive subordinate
|
||
sentence
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kenn
|
||
- imperative :: kenn
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: kennask
|
||
- present participle :: kennand
|
||
- past participle :: kennit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | kennar | kennir | kent | kennumk |
|
||
| 2s | | kennar | kennir | kent | kendisk |
|
||
| 3s | | kennar | kennir | kent | kendisk |
|
||
| 1p | | kennum | kennim | kennum | kennumk |
|
||
| 2p | | kennið | kennið | kennuð | kendisk |
|
||
| 3p | | kennið | kennið | kennuð | kendisk |
|
||
|
||
*** ker
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ker)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#ker][ker]]
|
||
|
||
1. recipient, bassin
|
||
2. vessel
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | ker | kerit | kerr | keritr |
|
||
| Acc. | ker | kerit | ker | kerit |
|
||
| Dat. | ker | kerit | kerum | keritum |
|
||
| Gen. | kers | kerits | kers | kerit |
|
||
|
||
*** kék
|
||
adj. {{{phon(kɛk)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. gray (hair colour)
|
||
|
||
Probably from a Greenlandic dialect, compare to West Greenlandic /qeeq/
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | kékr | kékt |
|
||
| Acc. | kék | kékt |
|
||
| Dat. | kékum | kékum |
|
||
| Gen. | kéks | kéks |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | kékar | kék |
|
||
| Acc. | kék | kék |
|
||
| Dat. | kékum | kékum |
|
||
| Gen. | kékar | kékr |
|
||
|
||
*** kláð(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(klɛ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kl%C3%A6%C3%B0a][kláða]]
|
||
|
||
1. to clothe
|
||
2. to drape something
|
||
3. to put cloth or clothes over something
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kláð
|
||
- imperative :: kláð
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: kláðask
|
||
- present participle :: kláðand
|
||
- past participle :: klánit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | kláðar | kláðir | kláðt | kláðumk |
|
||
| 2s | | kláðar | kláðir | kláðt | kláðask |
|
||
| 3s | | kláðar | kláðir | kláðt | kláðask |
|
||
| 1p | | kláðum | kláðim | kláðum | kláðumk |
|
||
| 2p | | kláðið | kláðið | kláðuð | kláðask |
|
||
| 3p | | kláðið | kláðið | kláðuð | kláðask |
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Ek kláðr ná mik
|
||
|
||
I’m dressing up
|
||
|
||
- Þú kláðt sáingin
|
||
|
||
You made the bed / you put the sheets on the bed
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** kláð(i)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈklɛ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kl%C3%A6%C3%B0i-I][klæði]]
|
||
|
||
1. cloth
|
||
2. thing that covers
|
||
3. (pl) clothes
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | kláð | kláðit | kláðr | kláðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | kláð | kláðit | kláð | kláðit |
|
||
| Dat. | kláð | kláðit | kláðum | kláðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | kláðs | kláðits | kláðs | kláðit |
|
||
|
||
*** kom(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(kom)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/koma#Old_Norse][koma]]
|
||
|
||
1. to come
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kom
|
||
- imperative :: kom
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: komask
|
||
- present participle :: komand
|
||
- past participle :: kominn
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | kømar | kom | kœmt | kømumk |
|
||
| 2s | | kømar | kom | kœmt | kømsk |
|
||
| 3s | | kømar | kom | kœmt | kømsk |
|
||
| 1p | | komum | komim | kómum | kómumk |
|
||
| 2p | | komið | komið | kómuð | kómsk |
|
||
| 3p | | komið | komið | kómuð | kómsk |
|
||
|
||
*** kon(a)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(kon)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#kona][kona]]
|
||
|
||
1. woman
|
||
2. wife (colloquial)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | konr | konann | konr | konann |
|
||
| Acc. | kon | konan | kon | konan |
|
||
| Dat. | kon | konan | konum | konanum |
|
||
| Gen. | konar | konans | konar | konan |
|
||
|
||
*** Konung
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈkonoŋ)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/konungr#Old_Norse][konungr]]
|
||
|
||
1. king
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *Konong*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | Konungr | Konunginn | Konungr | Konunginn |
|
||
| Acc. | Konung | Konungin | Konung | Konungin |
|
||
| Dat. | Konung | Konungin | Konungum | Konunginum |
|
||
| Gen. | Konungar | Konungins | Konungar | Konungin |
|
||
|
||
*** konunɡliɡ
|
||
{{{phon(konoŋlej)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#konung][konung]] and suffix /-lig/.
|
||
|
||
1. adv. royaly
|
||
2. adj. royal
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *kononglej*
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of /konunglig/ as an adjective
|
||
#+caption: konunglig-adjective-declension
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+-------------+-------------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | konungligr | konungligt |
|
||
| Acc. | konunglig | konungligt |
|
||
| Dat. | konungligum | konungligum |
|
||
| Gen. | konungligs | konungligs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | konungligar | konunglig |
|
||
| Acc. | konunglig | konunglig |
|
||
| Dat. | konungligum | konungligum |
|
||
| Gen. | konungligar | konungligr |
|
||
|
||
*** kú
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(kò)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#k%C3%BDr][kýr]]
|
||
|
||
1. cow
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----+---------+-----+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | kúr | kúnn | kúr | kúnn |
|
||
| Acc. | kú | kún | kú | kún |
|
||
| Dat. | kú | kún | kúm | kúnum |
|
||
| Gen. | kúr | kúns | kúr | kún |
|
||
|
||
*** kúr(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(kòr)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/k.php#k%C3%BAra][kúra]]
|
||
|
||
1. to nap (not in a bed or a [[file:./dictionary.md#rekkja-noun][rekkja]])
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *kor(a)*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: kúr
|
||
- imperative :: kúr
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: kúrask
|
||
- present participle :: kúrand
|
||
- past participle :: kúrit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | kúrar | kúrir | kúrt | kúrumk |
|
||
| 2s | | kúrar | kúrir | kúrt | kúrðask |
|
||
| 3s | | kúrar | kúrir | kúrt | kúrðask |
|
||
| 1p | | kúrum | kúrim | kúrum | kúrumk |
|
||
| 2p | | kúrið | kúrið | kúruð | kúrðask |
|
||
| 3p | | kúrið | kúrið | kúruð | kúrðask |
|
||
|
||
** L
|
||
*** land
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(land)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/land#Old_Norse][land]]
|
||
|
||
1. land
|
||
2. country
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | land | landit | land | landitr |
|
||
| Acc. | land | landit | land | landit |
|
||
| Dat. | land | landit | landum | landitum |
|
||
| Gen. | lands | landits | lands | landit |
|
||
|
||
*** lat
|
||
adj. {{{phon(lɑt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#latr]]
|
||
|
||
1. lazy
|
||
2. with slow reaction time
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | latr | latt |
|
||
| Acc. | lat | latt |
|
||
| Dat. | latum | latum |
|
||
| Gen. | lats | lats |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | latar | lat |
|
||
| Acc. | lat | lat |
|
||
| Dat. | latum | latum |
|
||
| Gen. | latar | latr |
|
||
|
||
*** Laurdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(lɔrdaɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#laug-IV][laugardagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Saturday, seventh day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** lág
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(lɛ̀j)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. law, plural only
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | lág | lágit | lág | lágitr |
|
||
| Acc. | lág | lágit | lág | lágit |
|
||
| Dat. | lág | lágit | lágum | lágitum |
|
||
| Gen. | lágs | lágits | lágs | lágit |
|
||
|
||
*** lágsman
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈlɛ̀ɡsˌman)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. lawyer, attorney
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]].
|
||
|
||
*** lás(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(lɛ̀s)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#l%C3%A6sa][læsa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to lock
|
||
2. to shut (somewhat securely)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: lás
|
||
- imperative :: lás
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: lásask
|
||
- present participle :: lásand
|
||
- past participle :: lásin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | lásar | lásir | lást | lásumk |
|
||
| 2s | | lásar | lásir | lást | lástisk |
|
||
| 3s | | lásar | lásir | lást | lástisk |
|
||
| 1p | | lásum | lásim | lásum | lásumk |
|
||
| 2p | | lásið | lásið | lásuð | lástisk |
|
||
| 3p | | lásið | lásið | lásuð | lástisk |
|
||
|
||
*** leik
|
||
{{{phon(lɑɪk)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. sn.f. plaything
|
||
2. sn.m. game
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | leikr | leikinn | leikr | leikinn |
|
||
| Acc. | leik | leikin | leik | leikin |
|
||
| Dat. | leik | leikin | leikum | leikinum |
|
||
| Gen. | leikar | leikins | leikar | leikin |
|
||
|
||
*** leik(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(lɑɪk)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. to play
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: leik
|
||
- imperative :: leik
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: leikask
|
||
- present participle :: leikand
|
||
- past participle :: leikit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | leikar | leikir | leikt | leikumk |
|
||
| 2s | | leikar | leikir | leikt | leikask |
|
||
| 3s | | leikar | leikir | leikt | leikask |
|
||
| 1p | | leikum | leikim | leikum | leikumk |
|
||
| 2p | | leikið | leikið | leikuð | leikask |
|
||
| 3p | | leikið | leikið | leikuð | leikask |
|
||
|
||
*** leið(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(lɑːɪð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#lei%C3%B0a][leiða]]
|
||
|
||
1. to lead, to show the way
|
||
2. to drive (large transportation vehicles)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: leið
|
||
- imperative :: leið
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: leiðask
|
||
- present participle :: leiðand
|
||
- past participle :: leiðit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind Pres | Subj. Pres. | Past | Pass. |
|
||
|--------+---+----------+-------------+--------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | leiðar | leiðir | leiðt | leiðumk |
|
||
| 2s | | leiðar | leiðir | leiðt | leiððisk |
|
||
| 3s | | leiðar | leiðir | leiðt | leiððisk |
|
||
| 1p | | leiðum | leiðim | leiðum | leiðumk |
|
||
| 2p | | leiðið | leiðið | leiðuð | leiððisk |
|
||
| 3p | | leiðið | leiðið | leiðuð | leiððisk |
|
||
|
||
*** les(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(les)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#lesa-II][lesa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to read
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: les
|
||
- imperative :: les
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: lesask
|
||
- present participle :: lesand
|
||
- past participle :: lesit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | lesar | lesir | lest | lesumk |
|
||
| 2s | | lesar | lesir | lest | lesask |
|
||
| 3s | | lesar | lesir | lest | lesask |
|
||
| 1p | | lesum | lesim | lesum | lesumk |
|
||
| 2p | | lesið | lesið | lesuð | lesask |
|
||
| 3p | | lesið | lesið | lesuð | lesask |
|
||
|
||
*** list
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(liʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#list][list]]
|
||
|
||
1. art, craft
|
||
2. skill
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+--------|
|
||
| Nom. | list | listr |
|
||
| Acc. | list | list |
|
||
| Dat. | list | listum |
|
||
| Gen. | lists | lists |
|
||
|
||
*** list(i)
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(liʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#listi][listi]]
|
||
|
||
1. list
|
||
2. catalogue
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | listr | listinn | listr | listinn |
|
||
| Acc. | list | listin | list | listin |
|
||
| Dat. | list | listin | listum | listinum |
|
||
| Gen. | listir | listins | listir | listin |
|
||
|
||
*** listsmið
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(liʃtsmið)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#list][list]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#smið][-smið]]
|
||
|
||
1. craftsman, artist
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#smið][-smið]].
|
||
|
||
*** lit
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(lit)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#litr][litr]]
|
||
|
||
1. colour, hue
|
||
2. shade, tint
|
||
3. dye
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | litr | litinn | litr | litinn |
|
||
| Acc. | lit | litin | lit | litin |
|
||
| Dat. | lit | litin | litum | litinum |
|
||
| Gen. | litar | litins | litar | litin |
|
||
|
||
*** lit(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(lit)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#lita][lita]]
|
||
|
||
1. to colour
|
||
2. to paint
|
||
3. to dye
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: lit
|
||
- imperative :: lit
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: litask
|
||
- present participle :: litand
|
||
- past participle :: litit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | litar | litir | litt | litumk |
|
||
| 2s | | litar | litir | litt | littisk |
|
||
| 3s | | litar | litir | litt | littisk |
|
||
| 1p | | litum | litim | litum | litumk |
|
||
| 2p | | litið | litið | lituð | littisk |
|
||
| 3p | | litið | litið | lituð | littisk |
|
||
|
||
*** líf
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(lèv)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#l%C3%ADf][líf]]
|
||
|
||
1. life
|
||
2. the period during which something is functional or durable
|
||
3. a way or manner of living
|
||
4. the state or fact of being alive
|
||
5. vitality, energy, or spirit
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *lef*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | líf | lífit | líf | lífitr |
|
||
| Acc. | líf | lífit | líf | lífit |
|
||
| Dat. | líf | lífit | lífum | lífitum |
|
||
| Gen. | lífs | lífits | lífs | lífit |
|
||
|
||
**** hav líf
|
||
1. to be energetic
|
||
2. to be enthusiastic, positive
|
||
|
||
*** lífsván
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ˌlèfsˈvɛ̀n)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#lif][líf]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#van][ván]]
|
||
|
||
1. raison d’être
|
||
2. life hope
|
||
3. vocation, calling, mission
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *lefsvén*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | lífsvánn | lífsváninn | lífsvánn | lífsváninn |
|
||
| Acc. | lífsván | lífsvánin | lífsván | lífsvánin |
|
||
| Dat. | lífsván | lífsvánin | lífsvánum | lífsváninum |
|
||
| Gen. | lífsvánn | lífsvánins | lífsvánn | lífsvánin |
|
||
|
||
*** lík(a)
|
||
{{{phon(lèk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#l%C3%ADka][líka]]
|
||
|
||
1. (wv) to like
|
||
2. (adv) like, similar to
|
||
3. (adv) also
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann talar á Ensk og líka Fransk.
|
||
|
||
He speaks English and also French.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
- infinitive :: lík
|
||
- imperative :: lík
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: lekask
|
||
- present participle :: lekand
|
||
- past participle :: lekit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | líkar | líkir | líkt | líkumk |
|
||
| 2s | | líkar | líkir | líkt | líktisk |
|
||
| 3s | | líkar | líkir | líkt | líktisk |
|
||
| 1p | | líkum | líkim | líkum | líkumk |
|
||
| 2p | | líkið | líkið | líkuð | líktisk |
|
||
| 3p | | líkið | líkið | líkuð | líktisk |
|
||
|
||
*** lít(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(lèt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#l%C3%ADta][líta]]
|
||
|
||
1. to look at, to behold, to see
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: lít
|
||
- imperative :: lít
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: lítask
|
||
- present participle :: lítand
|
||
- past participle :: lítit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | lítar | lítir | lítt | lítumk |
|
||
| 2s | | lítar | lítir | lítt | lítask |
|
||
| 3s | | lítar | lítir | lítt | lítask |
|
||
| 1p | | lítum | lítim | lítum | lítumk |
|
||
| 2p | | lítuð | lítið | lítuð | lítask |
|
||
| 3p | | lítuð | lítið | lítuð | lítask |
|
||
|
||
The semantic subject of the verb will always bear the dative case.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Han lítt í húsit sín.
|
||
|
||
She looked at her house.
|
||
|
||
| han | lít-t | í | hús-it | sín |
|
||
| 3sf.NOM | look-3s.PST.IND | at | house-DEF | oneself.GEN |
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** lok(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(lok)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#loka2][loka]]
|
||
|
||
1. to close
|
||
2. to shut, to shut down
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: lok
|
||
- imperative :: lok
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: lokask
|
||
- present participle :: lokand
|
||
- past participle :: lokin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | lokar | lokir | lokt | lokumk |
|
||
| 2s | | lokar | lokir | lokt | lokask |
|
||
| 3s | | lokar | lokir | lokt | lokask |
|
||
| 1p | | lokum | lokim | lokum | lokumk |
|
||
| 2p | | lokið | lokið | lokuð | lokask |
|
||
| 3p | | lokið | lokið | lokuð | lokask |
|
||
|
||
*** lykil
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(lykil)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/l.php#lykill][lykill]]
|
||
|
||
1. key (to a keyhole, to a lock,…)
|
||
2. musical key
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | lykil | lykilit | lykill | lykilitr |
|
||
| Acc. | lykil | lykilit | lykil | lykilit |
|
||
| Dat. | lykil | lykilit | lykilum | lykilitum |
|
||
| Gen. | lykils | lykilits | lykils | lykilit |
|
||
|
||
** M
|
||
*** man
|
||
in.m. {{{phon(mɑð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#ma%C3%B0r][maðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. man
|
||
2. person
|
||
3. husband (colloquial)
|
||
4. interj. (colloquial) dude (indefinite accusative only)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | maðr | maðinn | meðr | meðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | mann | mannin | menn | mennin |
|
||
| Dat. | mann | mannin | mennum | menninum |
|
||
| Gen. | manns | mannins | menns | mennin |
|
||
|
||
*** man(u)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(mun)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#munu][munu]]
|
||
|
||
1. auxilliary verb to express the future, will, shall
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Vér munum far til sjónvarphúsit ok eptirdag
|
||
|
||
We will go to the theatre tomorrow
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
2. will, shall, must
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Þú man les að bókan.
|
||
|
||
You will/must read the book.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
3. polite conditional when used in the subjunctive
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ef hann mynir kom...
|
||
|
||
If he comes...
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
4. likely conditional auxilliary verb, necessarily used in the
|
||
conditional mood
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: man
|
||
- imperative :: mun
|
||
- present participle :: munand
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------|
|
||
| 1s | | man | mynir | mynd |
|
||
| 2s | | man | mynir | mynd |
|
||
| 3s | | man | mynir | mynd |
|
||
| 1p | | munum | mynim | myndum |
|
||
| 2p | | munuð | mynið | mynduð |
|
||
| 3p | | munuð | mynið | mynduð |
|
||
|
||
*** mastergrað(a)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈmaʃterˌɡrað)}}}, from English [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/master#English][Master]] and Middle Eittlandic
|
||
/graða/ (see [[file:./dictionary.md#grað-a][grað(a)]])
|
||
|
||
1. Master's degree
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#grað-a][grað(a)]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** maðr
|
||
Nominative of [[file:./dictionary.md#man][man]]
|
||
|
||
*** mál(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(mɛ̀l)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#m%C3%A6la][mæla]]
|
||
|
||
1. to measure
|
||
2. to determine a size or a quantity
|
||
3. to estimate
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: mál
|
||
- imperative :: mál
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: málask
|
||
- present participle :: máland
|
||
- past participle :: málin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | málar | málir | mált | málumk |
|
||
| 2s | | málar | málir | mált | málisk |
|
||
| 3s | | málar | málir | mált | málisk |
|
||
| 1p | | málum | málim | málum | málumk |
|
||
| 2p | | málið | málið | máluð | málisk |
|
||
| 3p | | málið | málið | máluð | málisk |
|
||
|
||
*** málskipan
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ˈmɛ̀lˌʃkipan)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#m%C3%A6la][mæla]] and OE [[file:./dictionary.md#skipan][skipan]]
|
||
|
||
1. language (i.e. Eittlandic, English, Japanese…)
|
||
|
||
For its declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#skipan][skipan]].
|
||
|
||
*** mán(i)
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(mɛ̀n)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#m%C3%A1ni][máni]]
|
||
|
||
1. the moon
|
||
2. a moon
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | mán | máninn | mánn | |
|
||
| Acc. | mán | mánin | mán | |
|
||
| Dat. | mán | mánin | mánum | |
|
||
| Gen. | máns | mánins | máns | |
|
||
|
||
Like [[file:./dictionary.md#sol][sól]], the definite and plural form of /mán/ are modern and generally
|
||
used to refer to a moon in its astronomical sense. In general
|
||
Eittlandic, /Mán/ tends to more often means /the moon/. In written
|
||
Eittlandic, /mán/ generally means /a moon/, while /Mán/ generally means /the
|
||
(Earth’s) moon/.
|
||
|
||
*** mánsveg
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(mɛ̀ns.βeɣ)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#man-i][mán(i)]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#veg][veg]]
|
||
|
||
1. sky, with a connotation with space (litteraly /moon's way/)
|
||
2. stratosphere
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#veg][veg]]
|
||
|
||
*** Mánsdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(mɛ̀nsdaɣ)}}} from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#m%C3%A1nadagr][mánadagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Monday, second day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** mat
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(mat)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#matr][matr]]
|
||
|
||
1. food, meat (uncountable)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | matr | matinn | matr | matinn |
|
||
| Acc. | mat | matin | mat | matin |
|
||
| Dat. | mat | matin | matum | matinum |
|
||
| Gen. | matar | matins | matar | matin |
|
||
|
||
While this is an uncountable noun, its plural form can be used when
|
||
referring to different types of food or meat.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Han lítar í matin
|
||
|
||
She takes a look at the food
|
||
|
||
- Han lítar í matinum
|
||
|
||
She takes a look at the different types of food
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** metr(o)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(metr)}}}, from French “métro”
|
||
|
||
1. subway, underground
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | metr | metrot | metror | metrotr |
|
||
| Acc. | metr | metrot | metr | metrot |
|
||
| Dat. | metr | metrot | metrum | metrotum |
|
||
| Gen. | metros | metrots | metros | metrot |
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#undirland][undirland]]
|
||
|
||
*** með
|
||
adv. {{{phon(með)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. with
|
||
2. prefix with, co-smth. See
|
||
|
||
*** Meðkonung
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(meðˈkonoŋ)}}}, see [[file:./dictionary.md#með][með]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#konung][konung]]
|
||
|
||
1. Co-King
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *Meðkonong*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#konung][Konung]] for declension.
|
||
|
||
*** mið
|
||
adj. {{{phon(mið)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#mi%C3%B0r][miðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. middle (physically and temporaly)
|
||
2. midways
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | miðr | miðt |
|
||
| Acc. | mið | miðt |
|
||
| Dat. | miðum | miðum |
|
||
| Gen. | miðs | miðs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | miðar | mið |
|
||
| Acc. | mið | mið |
|
||
| Dat. | miðum | miðum |
|
||
| Gen. | miðar | miðr |
|
||
|
||
*** mjúk
|
||
adj. {{{phon(mjòk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#mj%C3%BAkr][mjúkr]]
|
||
|
||
1. soft, gentle, soothing
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | mjúkr | mjúkt |
|
||
| Acc. | mjúk | mjúkt |
|
||
| Dat. | mjúkum | mjúkum |
|
||
| Gen. | mjúks | mjúks |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | mjúkar | mjúk |
|
||
| Acc. | mjúk | mjúk |
|
||
| Dat. | mjúkum | mjúkum |
|
||
| Gen. | mjúkar | mjúkr |
|
||
|
||
*** móð
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(mɔ̀ð}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/m.php#m%C3%B3%C3%B0ir][móðir]], reanalized as /móð/ + /-ir/
|
||
|
||
1. mother
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | móðr | móðinn | mœðr | mœðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | móð | móðin | mœð | mœðin |
|
||
| Dat. | móð | móðin | mœðum | mœðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | móðir | móðins | mœðir | mœðin |
|
||
|
||
*** mœð
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#moð][móð]]
|
||
|
||
*** mynd
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(mynd)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. image, picture
|
||
2. video
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | myndr | myndinn | myndr | myndinn |
|
||
| Acc. | mynd | myndin | mynd | myndin |
|
||
| Dat. | mynd | myndin | myndum | myndinum |
|
||
| Gen. | myndar | myndins | myndar | myndin |
|
||
|
||
*** myrgun
|
||
in.m. {{{phon(ˈmyrɡun)}}}, {{{phon(mʏʁːʊn)}}} in some dialects, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/myrginn#Old_Norse][myrgunn]]
|
||
|
||
1. morning, aurora
|
||
|
||
In the Eittlandic culture, morning only lasts from the first lights of
|
||
the day to the moment the sun is actually up in the sky, no longer
|
||
bordering the horizon. It is then perfectly possible for Eittlanders
|
||
to consider this is no longer morning at 9AM in the summer as the sun
|
||
has already been up for some time by then.
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | myrgunn | myrninn | myrnar | myrnann |
|
||
| Acc. | myrgun | myrnin | myrn | myrnan |
|
||
| Dat. | myrn | myrnin | myrnum | myrnanum |
|
||
| Gen. | myrnar | myrnins | myrnar | myrnan |
|
||
|
||
** N
|
||
*** nakt
|
||
adj. {{{phon(nɑkt)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. naked
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | naktr | naktt |
|
||
| Acc. | nakt | naktt |
|
||
| Dat. | naktum | naktum |
|
||
| Gen. | nakts | nakts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | naktar | nakt |
|
||
| Acc. | nakt | nakt |
|
||
| Dat. | naktum | naktum |
|
||
| Gen. | naktar | naktr |
|
||
|
||
*** ná
|
||
adv. {{{phon(nɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A1#Old_Norse][ná]]
|
||
|
||
1. now
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ná kømar ek frá universitetit.
|
||
|
||
I come from the university now.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
2. intensifier, used at the end of sentences
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ek kømar frá universitetit ná!
|
||
|
||
- I come from the university (you know)
|
||
or
|
||
- (I’ll have you know) I come from the university!
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
3. progressive marker when placed right after the verb
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ek kømar ná frá universitetit.
|
||
|
||
I’m coming from the university.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *né*
|
||
|
||
adj. from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#n%C3%A6r][nær]]
|
||
|
||
1. near
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | nár | nát |
|
||
| Acc. | ná | nát |
|
||
| Dat. | námum | námum |
|
||
| Gen. | nás | nás |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | nárar | ná |
|
||
| Acc. | ná | ná |
|
||
| Dat. | námum | námum |
|
||
| Gen. | nárar | nár |
|
||
|
||
*** nágrann(i)
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(nɛ̀.ɡrɑnː)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#na][ná]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#grann-i][grann(i)]]
|
||
|
||
1. immediate neighbour, next door or next house over
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#bu][bú]]
|
||
|
||
*** nákkur
|
||
indef.pron. {{{phon(nɛ̀χor)}}}, from EON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#n%C3%B6kkurr][nǫkkur]]
|
||
|
||
1. anyone, any
|
||
2. some, someone
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Nákkurr kœmt í dag
|
||
|
||
Someone came yesterday
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
See [[file:grammar.md#indefinite-pronouns][Indefinite pronouns (grammar)]] for more information on this
|
||
indefinite pronoun.
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declensions of the indefinite pronoun /nakk/
|
||
#+caption: nakk-indef-pronoun-declension
|
||
|
||
| / | <r> | | | |
|
||
| | | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|
||
|---+---------+-----------+-----------+----------|
|
||
| | Sg.Nom. | nákkurr | nákkur | nákkut |
|
||
| | Acc. | nákkur | nákkur | nákkut |
|
||
| | Dat. | nákkurum | nákkurr | nákkur |
|
||
| | Gen. | nákkurs | nákkurrar | nákkurs |
|
||
| | Pl.Nom | nákkurar | nákkurar | nákkur |
|
||
| | Acc. | nákkur | nákkur | nákkur |
|
||
| | Dat. | nákkurum | nákkurum | nákkurum |
|
||
| | Gen. | nákkurs | nákkurs | nákkurs |
|
||
|
||
*** náng
|
||
interj. {{{phon(nɛŋ)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. negative counter-factual, see the [[file:./grammar.md#questions][questions]] section of the grammar
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *néng*
|
||
|
||
This word does not have a clear origin, however it is supposed it was
|
||
borrowed early on from an Eskaleut language that may have been spoken
|
||
by the island’s initial inhabitants. Compare Aleut /nangaa/ and
|
||
Proto-Eskimoan /*nanka/, and Western Greenlandic /naagga/.
|
||
|
||
*** nei
|
||
{{{phon(nɑɪ)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nei#Old_Norse][nei]]
|
||
|
||
1. (adv.) no
|
||
2. (interj) no, as an exclamation of panic, regret
|
||
|
||
*** nem
|
||
{{{phon(nem)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#nema-B][nema]], see also [[file:./dictionary.md#en][en]]
|
||
|
||
- conj. but (emphasis on counterfactual)
|
||
- adv. expect, save, but
|
||
- wn.n. studies, from [[file:./dictionary.md#nem-a][nem(a)]]
|
||
1. the act or process of learning or acquiring knowledge, especially
|
||
through systematic investigation or instruction
|
||
2. a particular field or subject of academic study
|
||
3. a collection of academic research or investigations
|
||
|
||
#+name: nem-noun-decl
|
||
#+caption: Declensions of nem as a noun
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | nem | nemat | nemm | nematr |
|
||
| Acc. | nem | nemat | nem | nemat |
|
||
| Dat. | nem | nemat | nemum | nematum |
|
||
| Gen. | nems | nemats | nems | nemat |
|
||
|
||
*** nem(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(nem)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#nema2-A][nema]]
|
||
|
||
1. to study, to apply oneself to the acquisition of knowledge, as by
|
||
reading, inverstigation, or practice.
|
||
2. to examine or investigate something closely
|
||
3. to memorize or learn something by heart
|
||
4. to be engaged in academic pursuits
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: nem
|
||
- imperative :: nem
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: nemask
|
||
- present participle :: nemand
|
||
- past participle :: nemit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | nemar | nemir | nemt | nemumk |
|
||
| 2s | | nemar | nemir | nemt | nemsk |
|
||
| 3s | | nemar | nemir | nemt | nemask |
|
||
| 1p | | nemum | nemim | nemum | nemumk |
|
||
| 2p | | nemið | nemið | nemuð | nemask |
|
||
| 3p | | nemið | nemið | nemuð | nemask |
|
||
|
||
*** norvegsúlf
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈnorβejsˌòlv)}}}, from ON /Noregs/ (genitive of ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#noregr][Noregr]]) and ON
|
||
[[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ulfr#Old_Norse][úlfr]]
|
||
|
||
1. wolf, litt. Norway’s wolf.
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *norvejsólv*
|
||
|
||
Wolves do not naturally live in Eittland. Their only relatives
|
||
introduced to the island were dogs and wolf-dogs, and the latter
|
||
inherited the simpler /úlfr/ term. Noun composed by Old Norse /noregs/
|
||
(genitive of /Noregr/, /Norway/) and /úlfr/.
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#ulf][úlf]].
|
||
|
||
*** ný
|
||
adj. {{{phon(nø̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/n.php#n%C3%BDr][nýr]]
|
||
|
||
1. new
|
||
2. recent, new
|
||
3. fresh
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | nýr | nýt |
|
||
| Acc. | ný | nýt |
|
||
| Dat. | nývum | nývum |
|
||
| Gen. | nýs | nýs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | nývar | ný |
|
||
| Acc. | ný | ný |
|
||
| Dat. | nývum | nývum |
|
||
| Gen. | nývar | nýr |
|
||
|
||
** O
|
||
*** ok
|
||
conj. {{{phon(ok)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/o.php#ok-A][ok]]
|
||
|
||
1. and
|
||
|
||
*** opin
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ˈopin)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/o.php#opinn][opinn]]
|
||
|
||
1. open
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | opinr | opint |
|
||
| Acc. | opin | opint |
|
||
| Dat. | opinum | opinum |
|
||
| Gen. | opins | opins |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | opinar | opin |
|
||
| Acc. | opin | opin |
|
||
| Dat. | opinum | opinum |
|
||
| Gen. | opinar | opinr |
|
||
|
||
*** opn(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(opn̩)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/o.php#opna][opna]]
|
||
|
||
1. to open
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: opn
|
||
- imperative :: opn
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: opnask
|
||
- present participle :: opnand
|
||
- past participle :: opnit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | opnar | opnir | opnt | opnumk |
|
||
| 2s | | opnar | opnir | opnt | opnsk |
|
||
| 3s | | opnar | opnir | opnt | opnask |
|
||
| 1p | | opnum | opnim | opnum | opnumk |
|
||
| 2p | | opnið | opnið | opnuð | opnask |
|
||
| 3p | | opnið | opnið | opnuð | opnask |
|
||
|
||
*** opt
|
||
adv. {{{phon(oɸt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/o.php#opt][opt]]
|
||
|
||
1. often
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *oft*
|
||
|
||
*** orð
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(orð)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. word, utterance
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | orð | orðit | orð | orðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | orð | orðit | orð | orðit |
|
||
| Dat. | orð | orðit | orðum | orðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | orðs | orðits | orðs | orðit |
|
||
|
||
*** orðtak
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈorðˌtɑk)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#orðtak-a][orðtak(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. a quote
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | orðtak | orðtakit | orðtakr | orðtakitr |
|
||
| Acc. | orðtak | orðtakit | orðtak | orðtakit |
|
||
| Dat. | orðtak | orðtakit | orðtakum | orðtakitum |
|
||
| Gen. | orðtaks | orðtakits | orðtaks | orðtakit |
|
||
|
||
*** orðtak(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ˈorðˌtɑk)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#orð][orð]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#tak-a][tak(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. to quote
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: orðtak
|
||
- imperative :: orðtak
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: orðtakask
|
||
- present participle :: orðtakand
|
||
- past participle :: orðtakit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+----------+-----------|
|
||
| 1s | | orðtakar | orðtakir | orðtakt | orðtakumk |
|
||
| 2s | | orðtakar | orðtakir | orðtakt | orðtaksk |
|
||
| 3s | | orðtakar | orðtakir | orðtakt | orðtakisk |
|
||
| 1p | | orðtakum | orðtakim | orðtakum | orðtakumk |
|
||
| 2p | | orðtakið | orðtakið | orðtakuð | orðtakisk |
|
||
| 3p | | orðtakið | orðtakið | orðtakuð | orðtakisk |
|
||
|
||
** Ó
|
||
*** ó-
|
||
prefix {{{phon(ɔ̀)}}}
|
||
|
||
Equivalent of English /un…/, /not smth/
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
ótraust
|
||
|
||
unsafe
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** ótraust
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ˌɔ̀ˈtrɔʊʃt)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. unsafe, not trustworthy
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+-----------+-----------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | ótraustr | ótraustt |
|
||
| Acc. | ótraust | ótraustt |
|
||
| Dat. | ótraustum | ótraustum |
|
||
| Gen. | ótrausts | ótrausts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | ótraustar | ótraust |
|
||
| Acc. | ótraust | ótraust |
|
||
| Dat. | ótraustum | ótraustum |
|
||
| Gen. | ótraustar | ótraustr |
|
||
|
||
*** Óðin
|
||
pn. {{{phon(ɔðen)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/oo.php#%C3%B3%C3%B0inn][Óðinn]]
|
||
|
||
1. Odin
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+-------|
|
||
| Nom. | Óðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | Óðin |
|
||
| Dat. | Óðin |
|
||
| Gen. | Óðins |
|
||
|
||
*** Óðinsdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ɔðensdaɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/oo.php#%C3%B3%C3%B0insdagr][óðinsdagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Wednesday, fourth day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** óglað
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ˈɔ̀ɡʲœð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/oo.php#%C3%B3gla%C3%B0r][óglaðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. very sad, depressed, miserable
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *ógjœð*
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+---------+---------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | óglaðr | óglaðt |
|
||
| Acc. | óglað | óglaðt |
|
||
| Dat. | óglaðum | óglaðum |
|
||
| Gen. | óglaðs | óglaðs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | óglaðar | óglað |
|
||
| Acc. | óglað | óglað |
|
||
| Dat. | óglaðum | óglaðum |
|
||
| Gen. | óglaðar | óglaðr |
|
||
|
||
*** óss
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ɔ̀sː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/oo.php#%C3%B3ss][óss]]
|
||
|
||
1. river mouth
|
||
2. fjord mouth
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | óssr | óssinn | óssr | óssinn |
|
||
| Acc. | óss | óssin | óss | óssin |
|
||
| Dat. | óss | óssin | óssum | óssinum |
|
||
| Gen. | óssar | óssinan | óssar | óssin |
|
||
|
||
*** óvin
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ɔ̀β.en)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#o][ó-]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#vin][vin]]
|
||
|
||
1. enemy
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#vin][vin]]
|
||
|
||
** P
|
||
*** panig
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ˈpan.eɣ)}}}, likely from Tunrit. Compare to Greenlandic [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/panik#Greenlandic][panik]]
|
||
|
||
1. daughter, term of endearment
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#dott-u][dótt(u)]]
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | panikr | paniginn | panikr | paniginn |
|
||
| Acc. | panig | panigin | panig | panigin |
|
||
| Dat. | panig | panigin | panigum | paniginum |
|
||
| Gen. | panigar | panigins | panigar | panigin |
|
||
|
||
*** park
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(pɑrk)}}}, from French /parc/
|
||
|
||
1. parc
|
||
2. natural reserve
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | park | parkit | parkr | parkitr |
|
||
| Acc. | park | parkit | park | parkit |
|
||
| Dat. | park | parkit | parkum | parkitum |
|
||
| Gen. | parks | parkits | parks | parkit |
|
||
|
||
*** pengvin
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈpeŋβen)}}}, from French [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pingouin#French][pingouin]] through Danish [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pingvin#Danish][pingvin]]
|
||
|
||
1. penguin
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *pengven*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | pengvin | pengvinit | pengvinn | pengvinitr |
|
||
| Acc. | pengvin | pengvinit | pengvin | pengvinit |
|
||
| Dat. | pengvin | pengvinit | pengvinum | pengvinitum |
|
||
| Gen. | pengvins | pengvinits | pengvins | pengvinit |
|
||
|
||
*** pos(i)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(pos)}}}, probably from Greenlandic /puisi/
|
||
|
||
1. posi, Eittlandic seal
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *pos(e)*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | pos | posit | posr | positr |
|
||
| Acc. | pos | posit | pos | posit |
|
||
| Dat. | pos | posit | posum | positum |
|
||
| Gen. | poss | posits | poss | posit |
|
||
|
||
** R
|
||
*** ráð
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(rɛ̀ð)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. advice, counsel
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | ráð | ráðit | ráð | ráðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | ráð | ráðit | ráð | ráðit |
|
||
| Dat. | ráð | ráðit | ráðum | ráðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | ráðs | ráðits | ráðs | ráðit |
|
||
|
||
*** ráðspell
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ˈrɛ̀ðˌʃpelː)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#rað][ráð]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#spell][spell]]
|
||
|
||
1. debate
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#spell][spell]] for declension.
|
||
|
||
*** ráðuneyt(i)
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(ˈrɛ̀ðoˌnœʏt)}}}, from OI [[https://old-norse.net/html/r.php#r%C3%A1%C3%B0uneyti][ráðuneyti]]
|
||
|
||
1. Ministry
|
||
2. department
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *réðoneyt*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+-------------+------------+--------------|
|
||
| Nom. | ráðuneyt | ráðuneytit | ráðuneytr | ráðuneytitr |
|
||
| Acc. | ráðuneyt | ráðuneytit | ráðuneyt | ráðuneytit |
|
||
| Dat. | ráðuneyt | ráðuneytit | ráðuneytum | ráðuneytitum |
|
||
| Gen. | ráðuneyts | ráðuneytits | ráðuneyts | ráðuneytit |
|
||
|
||
*** rauð
|
||
adj. {{{phon(rɔ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/r.php#rau%C3%B0r][rauðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. red
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | rauðr | rauðt |
|
||
| Acc. | rauð | rauðt |
|
||
| Dat. | rauðum | rauðum |
|
||
| Gen. | rauðs | rauðs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | rauðar | rauð |
|
||
| Acc. | rauð | rauð |
|
||
| Dat. | rauðum | rauðum |
|
||
| Gen. | rauðar | rauðr |
|
||
|
||
*** rekkja (noun)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(rekxə)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/r.php#rekkja][rekkja]]
|
||
|
||
1. nap, siesta
|
||
2. makeshift bed, napping bed
|
||
3. object on which one can sleep, but whose main use is not
|
||
necessarily that of a bed
|
||
|
||
It is not unusual to find in Eittland in workplaces a half mattress in
|
||
a corner of a room or near a wall. They are usually used to nap, by
|
||
sitting on them with one's back against the wall or in a fœtal
|
||
position. These can be found both in offices as well as on manual
|
||
workers' workplaces.
|
||
|
||
This practice is however slowly disappearing, especially in urban
|
||
areas.
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | rekkja | rekkjat | rekkjar | rekkjatn |
|
||
| Acc. | rekkja | rekkjat | rekkja | rekkjat |
|
||
| Dat. | rekkja | rekkjat | rekkjum | rekkjatum |
|
||
| Gen. | rekkjas | rekkjats | rekkjas | rekkjat |
|
||
|
||
*** rekkja (verb)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(rexː)}}}, from ON
|
||
|
||
1. to nap in a bed
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: rekkja
|
||
- imperative :: rekkja
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: rekkjask
|
||
- present participle :: rekkjand
|
||
- past participle :: rekkjit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+------------|
|
||
| 1s | | rekkjar | rekkjir | rekkjat | rekkjumk |
|
||
| 2s | | rekkjar | rekkjir | rekkjat | rekkjaðisk |
|
||
| 3s | | rekkjar | rekkjir | rekkjat | rekkjaðisk |
|
||
| 1p | | rekkjum | rekkjim | rekkjum | rekkjumk |
|
||
| 2p | | rekkjið | rekkjið | rekkjuð | rekkjaðisk |
|
||
| 3p | | rekkjið | rekkjið | rekkjuð | rekkjaðisk |
|
||
|
||
*** rekkláð
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈrekːˌlɛ̀ð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#rekkja-noun][rekkja]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-i][kláð(i)]]
|
||
|
||
1. pyjama, litt “napping clothes”
|
||
|
||
| | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | rekkláðr | rekkláðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | rekkláð | rekkláðit |
|
||
| Dat. | rekkláðum | rekkláðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | rekkláðs | rekkláðit |
|
||
|
||
*** rít(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(rèt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/r.php#r%C3%ADta-B][ríta]]
|
||
|
||
1. to write
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: rít
|
||
- imperative :: rít
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: rítask
|
||
- present participle :: rítand
|
||
- past participle :: rítit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | rítar | rítir | rítt | rítumk |
|
||
| 2s | | rítar | rítir | rítt | rítsk |
|
||
| 3s | | rítar | rítir | rítt | rítask |
|
||
| 1p | | rítum | rítim | rítum | rítumk |
|
||
| 2p | | rítið | rítið | rítuð | rítask |
|
||
| 3p | | rítið | rítið | rítuð | rítask |
|
||
|
||
*** rúm
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ròm)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. room
|
||
2. channel (as in an online app)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | rúm | rúmit | rúm | rúmitr |
|
||
| Acc. | rúm | rúmit | rúm | rúmit |
|
||
| Dat. | rúm | rúmit | rúmum | rúmitum |
|
||
| Gen. | rúms | rúmits | rúms | rúmit |
|
||
|
||
*** rúmvin
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ˈròmˌβin)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#rum][rúm]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#vin][vin]]
|
||
|
||
1. roommate
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#vin][vin]]
|
||
|
||
** S
|
||
*** -smið
|
||
suffix {{{phon(smið)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. -work
|
||
|
||
Forms strong masculine nouns
|
||
|
||
*** sag(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(sɑj)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#saga][saga]]
|
||
|
||
1. story, tale, legend
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | sag | sagat | sagar | sagatr |
|
||
| Acc. | sag | sagat | sag | sagat |
|
||
| Dat. | sag | sagat | sagum | sagatum |
|
||
| Gen. | sags | sagats | sags | sagats |
|
||
|
||
*** sagj(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(saj)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#segja-A][sagja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to say, to tell
|
||
2. to proclaim, to declare
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sagja
|
||
- imperative :: sagja
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: sagjask
|
||
- present participle :: sagjand
|
||
- past participle :: sagjat
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | sagjar | sagjir | sagjat | sagjumk |
|
||
| 2s | | sagjar | sagjir | sagjat | sagjask |
|
||
| 3s | | sagjar | sagjir | sagjat | sagjask |
|
||
| 1p | | sagjum | sagjim | sagjum | sagjumk |
|
||
| 2p | | sagjið | sagjið | sagjuð | sagjask |
|
||
| 3p | | sagjið | sagjið | sagjuð | sagjask |
|
||
|
||
*** samrekkja
|
||
wv. {{{phon(ˈsamˌrekxə)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#rekkja-verb][rekkja]]
|
||
|
||
1. sleep with someone
|
||
2. to have sex with someone (euphemism)
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#rekkja-verb][rekkja]] for conjugaison.
|
||
|
||
*** sand
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(sɑnd)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sandr][sandr]]
|
||
|
||
1. sand
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | sandr | sandinn | sandr | sandinn |
|
||
| Acc. | sand | sandin | sand | sandin |
|
||
| Dat. | sand | sandin | sandum | sandinum |
|
||
| Gen. | sandar | sandins | sandar | sandin |
|
||
|
||
*** sann
|
||
adj. {{{phon(sɑnː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sannr][sannr]]
|
||
|
||
1. true
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | sann | satt |
|
||
| Acc. | sann | satt |
|
||
| Dat. | sannum | sannum |
|
||
| Gen. | sanns | sanns |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | sannar | sann |
|
||
| Acc. | sann | sann |
|
||
| Dat. | sannum | sannum |
|
||
| Gen. | sannar | sannr |
|
||
|
||
*** sauð
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(sɔð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sau%C3%B0r][sauðr]]
|
||
|
||
1. sheep
|
||
2. a crowd or flock; a large gathering of people, often moving or
|
||
behaving in a similar manner
|
||
3. a source of comfort or warmth, something that provides comfort,
|
||
warmth, or a sense of security; a soothing or comforting presence
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Han es sauðin í lífit mínt
|
||
|
||
She is the sheep in my life; she is a source of comfort and warmth
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | sauðr | sauðinn | sauðr | sauðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | sauð | sauðin | sauð | sauðin |
|
||
| Dat. | sauð | sauðin | sauðum | sauðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | sauðar | sauðins | sauðar | sauðin |
|
||
|
||
*** sá
|
||
{{{phon(sɛ̀)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. pron. that
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#þess-i][þess(i)]]
|
||
2. conj. and adv.: Regional variant of [[file:./dictionary.md#sva][svá]], used mainly in the
|
||
Ðeberget bay.
|
||
|
||
#+name: Declension of the pronoun /sá/
|
||
#+caption: sa-pronoun-declension
|
||
| / | <r> | | |
|
||
| | | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---+---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| | Sg.Nom. | sá | þat |
|
||
| | Acc. | sann | þat |
|
||
| | Dat. | þeim | þí |
|
||
| | Gen. | þess | þess |
|
||
| | Pl.Nom. | þeir | þau |
|
||
| | Acc. | þá | þau |
|
||
| | Dat. | þeim | þeim |
|
||
| | Gen. | þeir | þeir |
|
||
|
||
*** sáing
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ˈsɛ̀jŋ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#s%C3%A6ing][sæing]]
|
||
|
||
1. bed
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *séing*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | sáingr | sáinginn | sáingr | sáinginn |
|
||
| Acc. | sáing | sáingin | sáing | sáingin |
|
||
| Dat. | sáing | sáingin | sáingum | sáinginum |
|
||
| Gen. | sáingar | sáingins | sáingar | sáingin |
|
||
|
||
*** sáingkláð
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈsɛ̀jnˌklɛ̀ð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#saing][sáing]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-a][kláð]]
|
||
|
||
1. bed sheets, litt. “bed clothes”
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *séingkléð*
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#klað-a][kláð]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** sem
|
||
{{{phon(sem)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sem][sem]]
|
||
|
||
1. pron. who, which, that (relative pronoun)
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Maðinn sem talar er bróðin mín.
|
||
|
||
The man who is speaking is my brother.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
2. conj.
|
||
1. (comparative) how, as, like, in the way that
|
||
|
||
Used as a conjunction to introduce a comparative clause
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Hann svart sem hann vilir.
|
||
|
||
He replied the way he wanted.
|
||
|
||
- Ek er eig svá hár sem þú.
|
||
|
||
I am not as tall as you.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
2. (temporal) when, while
|
||
|
||
When used as a conjunction, can introduce a temporal clause
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Sem ek vas lesand, ek sovnt.
|
||
|
||
While I was reading, I fell asleep.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
3. (causal) since, because
|
||
|
||
Introduces a causal clause
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Sem ek vas sjúkr, kœmt ek eig.
|
||
|
||
Since I was sick, I didn’t come.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** sitj(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(siːʃː)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sitja#Old_Norse][sitja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to sit
|
||
2. to represent (politics)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sit
|
||
- imperative :: sit
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: sitask
|
||
- present participle :: sitjand
|
||
- past participle :: sitit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | sitjar | sitir | sat | sitjumk |
|
||
| 2s | | sitjar | sitir | sat | sitjask |
|
||
| 3s | | sitjar | sitir | sat | sitjask |
|
||
| 1p | | sitjum | sitim | setum | sitjumk |
|
||
| 2p | | sitið | sitið | setuð | sitjask |
|
||
| 3p | | sitið | sitið | setuð | sitjask |
|
||
|
||
*** síð(a)
|
||
wf.n. {{{phon(sèð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#s%C3%AD%C3%B0a][síða]]
|
||
|
||
1. side (of something)
|
||
2. side, direction
|
||
3. site, location (often figurative)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | síð | síðat | síðr | síðatr |
|
||
| Acc. | síð | síðat | síð | síðat |
|
||
| Dat. | síð | síðat | síðum | síðatum |
|
||
| Gen. | síðs | síðats | síðs | síðat |
|
||
|
||
*** síðan
|
||
adv. {{{phon(sèðɑn)}}}, from ON
|
||
|
||
1. after, temporal posteriority or lesser priority
|
||
|
||
*** sjá
|
||
iv. {{{phon(ʃɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sj%C3%A1#Old_Norse][sjá]]
|
||
|
||
1. to see
|
||
2. to understand
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *sjé*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sjá
|
||
- imperative :: sjá
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: sjásk
|
||
- present participle :: sjánd
|
||
- past participle :: sját
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | sér | sjár | sját | sjúmk |
|
||
| 2s | | sér | sjár | sját | sjásk |
|
||
| 3s | | sér | sjár | sját | sjásk |
|
||
| 1p | | sjam | sjám | sjátum | sjúmk |
|
||
| 2p | | sjéð | sjáð | sjátuð | sjásk |
|
||
| 3p | | sjáð | sjáð | sjátuð | sjásk |
|
||
|
||
*** sjón
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ʃɔ̀n)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sj%C3%B3n][sjón]]
|
||
|
||
1. vision, sighting
|
||
2. spectacle
|
||
3. movie
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | sjónn | sjóninn | sjónn | sjóninn |
|
||
| Acc. | sjón | sjónin | sjón | sjón |
|
||
| Dat. | sjón | sjónin | sjónum | sjóninum |
|
||
| Gen. | sjónar | sjónins | sjónar | sjón |
|
||
|
||
*** sjónvarp
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ʃɔ̀nβarp)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#sjon][sjón]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#varp][varp]]
|
||
|
||
1. movie projection
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#varp][varp]]
|
||
|
||
*** sjónvarphús
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ʃɔ̀nβarphòs)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#sjonvarp][sjónvarp]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#hus][hús]]
|
||
|
||
1. cinema, theatre
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#hus][hús]].
|
||
|
||
*** sjúk
|
||
adj. {{{phon(ʃòk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sj%C3%BAkr][sjúkr]]
|
||
|
||
1. sick, ill, unwell
|
||
2. weak, frail
|
||
3. nauseous
|
||
4. disgusted, repulsed (by something)
|
||
5. mentally unwell
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | sjúkr | sjúkt |
|
||
| Acc. | sjúk | sjúkt |
|
||
| Dat. | sjúkum | sjúkum |
|
||
| Gen. | sjúks | sjúks |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | sjúkar | sjúk |
|
||
| Acc. | sjúk | sjúk |
|
||
| Dat. | sjúkum | sjúkum |
|
||
| Gen. | sjúkar | sjúkr |
|
||
|
||
*** skal(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(ʃkul)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#skulu][skulu]]
|
||
|
||
1. should, might
|
||
2. irrealis or dubitative modal verb
|
||
3. neutral conditional auxilliary verb, necessarily used in the
|
||
conditional mood
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: skal
|
||
- imperative :: skal
|
||
- present participle :: skaland
|
||
- past participle :: skalit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | skal | skylir | skyldr |
|
||
| 2s | | skalt | skylir | skyldr |
|
||
| 3s | | skal | skylir | skyldr |
|
||
| 1p | | skulum | skylim | skyldum |
|
||
| 2p | | skaluð | skylið | skylduð |
|
||
| 3p | | skaluð | skylið | skylduð |
|
||
|
||
*** skilj(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ʃkiːʎ)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/skilja#Old_Norse][skilja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to differenciate
|
||
2. to segregate, to separate
|
||
3. to understand a difference
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *skij*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: skilja
|
||
- imperative :: skilja
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: skiljask
|
||
- present participle :: skiljand
|
||
- past participle :: skit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | skiljar | skilir | skiljat | skiljumk |
|
||
| 2s | | skiljar | skilir | skiljat | skiljask |
|
||
| 3s | | skiljar | skilir | skiljat | skiljask |
|
||
| 1p | | skiljum | skilim | skiljum | skiljumk |
|
||
| 2p | | skilið | skilið | skiljuð | skiljask |
|
||
| 3p | | skilið | skilið | skiljuð | skiljask |
|
||
|
||
*** skipan
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(ʃkipan)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#skipan][skipan]]
|
||
|
||
1. arrangement, order, organisation (of things)
|
||
2. item box, for organising belongings
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | skipanr | skipaninn | skipann | skipaninn |
|
||
| Acc. | skipan | skipanin | skipan | skipanin |
|
||
| Dat. | skipan | skipanin | skipanum | skipaninum |
|
||
| Gen. | skipanar | skipanins | skipanar | skipanin |
|
||
|
||
*** skipt(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ʃkiɸt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#skipta][skipta]]
|
||
|
||
1. to change, to make something different or alter its state
|
||
2. to switch, to toggle, to move from one state or position to
|
||
another, especially in the context of mechanical or electronic
|
||
devices
|
||
3. to exchange, to give something and receive something else in return
|
||
4. to shift, to move or transfer something from one place or position
|
||
to another
|
||
5. to alter, modify, to make adjustments or modifications to something
|
||
6. to replace, to put something new in the place of something old or
|
||
existing
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: skipt
|
||
- imperative :: skipt
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: skiptask
|
||
- present participle :: skiptand
|
||
- past participle :: skiptit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | skiptar | skiptir | skipt | skiptumk |
|
||
| 2s | | skiptar | skiptir | skipt | skiptisk |
|
||
| 3s | | skiptar | skiptir | skipt | skiptisk |
|
||
| 1p | | skiptum | skiptim | skiptum | skiptumk |
|
||
| 2p | | skiptið | skiptið | skiptuð | skiptisk |
|
||
| 3p | | skiptið | skiptið | skiptuð | skiptisk |
|
||
|
||
*** skín
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(skèn)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#skin-a][skín(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. shine, shimmer
|
||
2. brightness
|
||
3. radiance
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | skín | skínit | skínn | skínitr |
|
||
| Acc. | skín | skínit | skín | skínit |
|
||
| Dat. | skín | skínit | skínum | skínitum |
|
||
| Gen. | skíns | skínits | skíns | skínit |
|
||
|
||
*** skín(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ʃkèn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sk%C3%ADna][skína]]
|
||
|
||
1. to shine
|
||
2. to be bright (emitting light)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: skín
|
||
- imperative :: skín
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: skínask
|
||
- present participle :: skínand
|
||
- past participle :: skínin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | skínar | skínir | skínt | skínumk |
|
||
| 2s | | skínar | skínir | skínt | skínask |
|
||
| 3s | | skínar | skínir | skínt | skínask |
|
||
| 1p | | skínum | skínim | skínum | skínumk |
|
||
| 2p | | skínið | skínið | skínuð | skínask |
|
||
| 3p | | skínið | skínið | skínuð | skínask |
|
||
|
||
*** skít
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ʃkèt)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. /vulgar/ excrement, shit
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | skít | skítit | skít | skítitr |
|
||
| Acc. | skít | skítit | skít | skítit |
|
||
| Dat. | skít | skítit | skítum | skítitum |
|
||
| Gen. | skíts | skítits | skíts | skítit |
|
||
|
||
*** skítráð
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ˈʃkètˌrɛ̀ð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#skit][skít]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#rað][ráð]], calque of English /shitpost/
|
||
|
||
1. shitpost, meme
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#rað][ráð]].
|
||
|
||
*** skóg
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ʃkɔ̀ɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sk%C3%B3gr][skógr]]
|
||
|
||
1. forest, woods, a large area covered chiefly with trees and
|
||
undergrowth
|
||
2. an intricate, densely connected system or network, reminiscent of
|
||
the structure of a forest
|
||
3. the Internet (colloquial, definite only)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | skógr | skóginn | skógr | skóginn |
|
||
| Acc. | skóg | skógin | skóg | skógin |
|
||
| Dat. | skóg | skógin | skógum | skóginum |
|
||
| Gen. | skógar | skógins | skógar | skógin |
|
||
|
||
*** smár
|
||
adj. {{{phon(smɛ̀r)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sm%C3%A1r-A][smár]]
|
||
|
||
1. small, little
|
||
2. narrow
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | smárr | smárt |
|
||
| Acc. | smár | smárt |
|
||
| Dat. | smárum | smárum |
|
||
| Gen. | smárs | smárs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | smárar | smár |
|
||
| Acc. | smár | smár |
|
||
| Dat. | smárum | smárum |
|
||
| Gen. | smárar | smárr |
|
||
|
||
*** smársov
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(smɛ̀rsoβ)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#smar][smár]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#sov-a][sov(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. a nap (in a proper bed)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | smársov | smársovit | smársovr | smársovitr |
|
||
| Acc. | smársov | smársovit | smársov | smársovit |
|
||
| Dat. | smársov | smársovit | smársovum | smársovitum |
|
||
| Gen. | smársovs | smársovits | smársovs | smársovit |
|
||
|
||
*** smársov(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(smɛ̀rsoβ)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#smar][smár]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#sov-a][sov(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. to nap (in a proper bed)
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#sov-a][sov(a)]] for conjugaison.
|
||
|
||
*** snár
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(snɛ̀r)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/snj%C3%B3r#Old_Norse][snjór]]
|
||
|
||
1. snow
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | snárr | snárinn | snárr | snárinn |
|
||
| Acc. | snár | snárin | snár | snárin |
|
||
| Dat. | snár | snárin | snárum | snárinum |
|
||
| Gen. | snárar | snárins | snárar | snárin |
|
||
|
||
*** son
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(son)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sonr-B][sonr]]
|
||
|
||
1. son
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | sonn | soninn | sonn | soninn |
|
||
| Acc. | son | sonin | son | sonin |
|
||
| Dat. | son | sonin | sonum | soninum |
|
||
| Gen. | sonar | sonins | sonar | sonin |
|
||
|
||
*** sov
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(soβ)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#sov-a][sov(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. a sleep, a long rest (in a bed)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | sov | sovit | sovr | sovitr |
|
||
| Acc. | sov | sovit | sov | sovit |
|
||
| Dat. | sov | sovit | sovum | sovitum |
|
||
| Gen. | sovs | sovits | sovs | sovit |
|
||
|
||
*** sov(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(soβ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sofa-B][sofa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to sleep
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sov
|
||
- imperative :: sov
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: sovask
|
||
- present participle :: sovand
|
||
- past participle :: sovin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | søv | sovir | soft | sovumk |
|
||
| 2s | | søvar | sovir | soft | sovdask |
|
||
| 3s | | søvar | sovir | soft | sovdask |
|
||
| 1p | | sovum | sovim | sávum | sovumk |
|
||
| 2p | | sovið | sovið | sávuð | sovdask |
|
||
| 3p | | sovið | sovið | sávuð | sovdask |
|
||
|
||
*** sovn(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(soβn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sofna][sofna]]
|
||
|
||
1. to fall asleep
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sovn
|
||
- imperative :: sovn
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: sovnask
|
||
- present participle :: sovnand
|
||
- past participle :: sovnit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | sovnar | sovnir | sovnt | sovnumk |
|
||
| 2s | | sovnar | sovnir | sovnt | sovndisk |
|
||
| 3s | | sovnar | sovnir | sovnt | sovndisk |
|
||
| 1p | | sovnum | sovnim | sovnum | sovnumk |
|
||
| 2p | | sovnið | sovnið | sovnuð | sovndisk |
|
||
| 3p | | sovnið | sovnið | sovnuð | sovndisk |
|
||
|
||
*** sól
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(sɔ̀l)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#s%C3%B3l-A][sól]]
|
||
|
||
1. the Sun
|
||
2. a sun, a star (astronomical sense)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | sól | sólinn | sóll | sólinn |
|
||
| Acc. | sól | sólin | sól | sólin |
|
||
| Dat. | sól | sólin | sólum | sólinum |
|
||
| Gen. | sólar | sólins | sólar | sólin |
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#man-i][mán(i)]] for notes regarding the use of the different cases of this
|
||
word.
|
||
|
||
*** sólskin
|
||
{{{phon(sɔ̀lʃken)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#s%C3%B3lskin2][sólskin]]
|
||
|
||
1. wn.n. sunshine
|
||
2. adj. sunny
|
||
|
||
#+name: Noun declension of /sólskin/
|
||
#+caption: solskin-noun-declension
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | sólskin | sólskinit | sólskin | sólskinitr |
|
||
| Acc. | sólskin | sólskinit | sólskin | sólskinit |
|
||
| Dat. | sólskin | sólskinit | sólskinum | sólskinitum |
|
||
| Gen. | sólskins | sólskinits | sólskins | sólskinit |
|
||
|
||
#+name: Adjective declension of /sólskin/
|
||
#+caption: solskin-adj-declension
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+-----------+-----------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | sólskinn | sólskint |
|
||
| Acc. | sólskin | sólskint |
|
||
| Dat. | sólskinum | sólskinum |
|
||
| Gen. | sólskins | sólskins |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | sólskinar | sólskin |
|
||
| Acc. | sólskin | sólskin |
|
||
| Dat. | sólskinum | sólskinum |
|
||
| Gen. | sólskinar | sólskinn |
|
||
|
||
*** sólskin(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ˈsɔ̀lʃken)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#solskin][sólskin]]
|
||
|
||
1. to be sunny
|
||
2. to be a nice day
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: sólskin
|
||
- present participle :: sólskinand
|
||
- past participle :: sólskinin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-----------+------------|
|
||
| 3s | | sólskinar | sólskinir | sólskint | sólskinask |
|
||
| 3p | | sólskinið | sólskinið | sólskinuð | sólskinask |
|
||
|
||
This verb only takes a time reference as its subject or none at all,
|
||
always in the third personl
|
||
|
||
*** spell
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ʃpelː)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. speech, saying
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | spell | spellit | spell | spellitr |
|
||
| Acc. | spell | spellit | spell | spellit |
|
||
| Dat. | spell | spellit | spellum | spellitum |
|
||
| Gen. | spells | spellits | spells | spellit |
|
||
|
||
*** stand(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(ʃtɑnd)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#standa-A][standa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to stand, to be in an upright position, supported by the feet.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ek standar hér.
|
||
|
||
I stand here.
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
2. to remain in a particular position or state
|
||
3. to endure or withstand something
|
||
4. to be situated or located
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Húsit standar á háðin
|
||
|
||
The house is/stands on the hill
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
5. to take a position or stance on an issue
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: stand
|
||
- imperative :: stand
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: standask
|
||
- present participle :: standand
|
||
- past participle :: standit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+---------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | standar | standir | standt | standumk |
|
||
| 2s | | standar | standir | standt | standsk |
|
||
| 3s | | standar | standir | standt | standisk |
|
||
| 1p | | standum | standim | standum | standumk |
|
||
| 2p | | standið | standið | standuð | standisk |
|
||
| 3p | | standið | standið | standuð | standisk |
|
||
|
||
*** stein
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(ʃtɑɪn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#steinn][steinn]]
|
||
|
||
1. stone, a small piece of rock
|
||
2. (metaphor) some thing or someone that is firm, resolute, or
|
||
reliable; a solid base or support
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann es steinn í vindin.
|
||
|
||
He is a rock in the wind, i.e. he is steadfast, reliable
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
3. something that impedes progress or makes a task more difficult
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Svá er stein í vegin mín
|
||
|
||
That’s a stone in my path, i.e. it is an obstacle in my progress
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** stern(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(ʃtern)}}}, from EON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#stjarna][sterna]]
|
||
|
||
1. star
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+----------+---------+-----------|
|
||
| Nom. | stern | sternat | sternn | sternatr |
|
||
| Acc. | stern | sternat | stern | sternat |
|
||
| Dat. | stern | sternat | sternum | sternatum |
|
||
| Gen. | sterns | sternats | sterns | sternat |
|
||
|
||
*** styrsamhald(i)
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ˈʃtyrˌsamhald)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#styrr][styrr]] (stir, battle) and [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#samheldi][samhaldi]]
|
||
(a holding together, unity).
|
||
|
||
1. military batallion
|
||
2. mitilary unit, group
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------------+----------------+---------------+-----------------|
|
||
| Nom. | styrsamhald | styrsamhaldit | styrsamhald | styrsamhalditr |
|
||
| Acc. | styrsamhald | styrsamhaldit | styrsamhald | styrsamhaldit |
|
||
| Dat. | styrsamhald | styrsamhaldit | styrsamhaldum | styrsamhalditum |
|
||
| Gen. | styrsamhalds | styrsamhaldits | styrsamhalds | styrsamhaldit |
|
||
|
||
*** sunn(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(sunː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sunna][sunna]]
|
||
|
||
1. the sun (general usage)
|
||
2. a sun (modern)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | sunn | sunit | sunn | sunitr |
|
||
| Acc. | sun | sunit | sun | sunit |
|
||
| Dat. | sun | sunit | sunum | sunitum |
|
||
| Gen. | suns | sunits | suns | sunit |
|
||
|
||
The definitive and plural forms appeared recently and are mostly used
|
||
in a context of astronomy. In everyday speech, only the singular
|
||
indefinite form is used in order to refer to the sun. In written
|
||
Eitlandic, /Sunn/ is the sun, while /sunn/ is a sun.
|
||
|
||
*** Sunsdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(sunsndaɣ)}}} , from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sunnudagr][sunnudagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Sunday, first day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** svar(a)
|
||
wv. {{{phon(sβar)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#svara][svara]]
|
||
|
||
1. to reply, to answer
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: svar
|
||
- imperative :: svar
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: svarask
|
||
- present participle :: svarand
|
||
- past participle :: svarit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | svarar | svarir | svart | svarumk |
|
||
| 2s | | svarar | svarir | svart | svarðisk |
|
||
| 3s | | svarar | svarir | svart | svarðisk |
|
||
| 1p | | svarum | svarim | svarum | svarumk |
|
||
| 2p | | svarið | svarið | svaruð | svarðisk |
|
||
| 3p | | svarið | svarið | svaruð | svarðisk |
|
||
|
||
*** svart
|
||
adj. {{{phon(sβɑrt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#svartr][svartr]]
|
||
|
||
1. black
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+---------+---------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | svartr | svartt |
|
||
| Acc. | svart | svartt |
|
||
| Dat. | svartum | svartum |
|
||
| Gen. | svarts | svarts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | svartar | svart |
|
||
| Acc. | svart | svart |
|
||
| Dat. | svartum | svartum |
|
||
| Gen. | svartar | svartr |
|
||
|
||
*** svá
|
||
{{{phon(sβɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sv%C3%A1-B][svá]], see also [[file:./dictionary.md#þa][þá]]
|
||
|
||
1. conj. thus, therefore, then, consequently
|
||
|
||
Used as a way to introduce consequences, generally more explicit
|
||
than with /þá/. /Ef/ is only followed by /svá/, never /þá/.
|
||
|
||
2. adv. so, thus, thusly, this way
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Ek ger þett svá.
|
||
|
||
I do it this way
|
||
- Han talt svá mjúklig
|
||
|
||
She spoke so softly
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** svín
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(sβèn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#sv%C3%ADn][svín]]
|
||
|
||
1. a pig
|
||
2. someone who is excessively greedy, gluttonous, or self-indulgent; a
|
||
person who consumes or desires more than they need
|
||
3. someone or something that is dirty, messy, or unkempt; a person or
|
||
place characterised by disorder or filth
|
||
4. someone who is very stubborn, obstinate, or difficult to persuade;
|
||
a person who refuses to change their mind or behaviour
|
||
5. a representation of indulgence, excess, or overabundance; a symbol
|
||
of enjoying something to an extreme degree
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | svín | svínit | svín | svínitr |
|
||
| Acc. | svín | svínit | svín | svínit |
|
||
| Dat. | svín | svínit | svínum | svínitum |
|
||
| Gen. | svíns | svínits | svíns | svínit |
|
||
|
||
*** syst
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(syʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/s.php#systir][systir]]
|
||
|
||
1. sister
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | systr | systinn | systr | systinn |
|
||
| Acc. | syst | systin | syst | systin |
|
||
| Dat. | syst | systin | systum | systinum |
|
||
| Gen. | systir | systins | systir | systin |
|
||
|
||
** T
|
||
*** tak(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(tɑk)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. to take, to seize
|
||
2. to capture (figuratively)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: tak
|
||
- imperative :: tak
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: takask
|
||
- present participle :: takand
|
||
- past participle :: takit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | takar | takir | takt | takumk |
|
||
| 2s | | takar | takir | takt | taksk |
|
||
| 3s | | takar | takir | takt | takask |
|
||
| 1p | | takum | takim | takum | takumk |
|
||
| 2p | | takið | takið | takuð | takask |
|
||
| 3p | | takið | takið | takuð | takask |
|
||
|
||
*** tal(a)
|
||
**** Noun
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(tal)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tala#Old_Norse][tala]]
|
||
|
||
1. number
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | tal | talat | tall | talatr |
|
||
| Acc. | tal | talat | tal | talat |
|
||
| Dat. | tal | talat | talum | talatum |
|
||
| Gen. | tals | talats | tals | talat |
|
||
|
||
**** Verb
|
||
wv. {{{phon(tal)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/t.php#tala2][tala]]
|
||
|
||
1. to talk, to speak
|
||
|
||
With prepositions:
|
||
- tal til :: to talk to someone
|
||
- tal um :: to talk about
|
||
- tal eftir :: to retract a statement, to go back on one’s words
|
||
- tal á málskipan :: to speak a language
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: tal
|
||
- imperative :: tal
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: talask
|
||
- present participle :: taland
|
||
- past participle :: talin
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | talar | talir | talt | talumk |
|
||
| 2s | | talar | talir | talt | talðisk |
|
||
| 3s | | talar | talir | talt | talðisk |
|
||
| 1p | | talum | talim | talum | talumk |
|
||
| 2p | | talið | talið | taluð | talðisk |
|
||
| 3p | | talið | talið | taluð | talðisk |
|
||
|
||
*** tarr(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(tɑrː)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. to spread out
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: tarr
|
||
- imperative :: tarr
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: tarrask
|
||
- present participle :: tarrand
|
||
- past participle :: tarrit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | tarrar | tarrir | tarrt | tarrumk |
|
||
| 2s | | tarrar | tarrir | tarrt | tarrsk |
|
||
| 3s | | tarrar | tarrir | tarrt | tarrisk |
|
||
| 1p | | tarrum | tarrim | tarrum | tarrumk |
|
||
| 2p | | tarrið | tarrið | tarruð | tarrisk |
|
||
| 3p | | tarrið | tarrið | tarruð | tarrisk |
|
||
|
||
*** til
|
||
prep. {{{phon(til)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/t.php#til-A][til]]
|
||
|
||
1. to, towards, till (literally and figuratively)
|
||
|
||
**** til ná
|
||
1. adv. still
|
||
|
||
*** Tíbet
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈtèbet)}}}, borrowed from Danish /Tibet/
|
||
|
||
1. Tibet
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+--------|
|
||
| Nom. | Tíbet |
|
||
| Acc. | Tíbet |
|
||
| Dat. | Tíbet |
|
||
| Gen. | Tíbets |
|
||
|
||
*** ton
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(ton)}}}, from Middle Low German [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ton#Middle_Low_German][ton]]
|
||
|
||
1. tune, tone
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | ton | tonit | tonn | tonitr |
|
||
| Acc. | ton | tonit | ton | tonit |
|
||
| Dat. | ton | tonit | tonum | tonitum |
|
||
| Gen. | tons | tonits | tons | tonit |
|
||
|
||
*** tonlist
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(tonliʃt)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#ton][ton]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#list][list]]
|
||
|
||
1. music
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#list][list]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** traust
|
||
adj. {{{phon(trɔʊʃt)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. trusty, trustworthy, safe
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+----------+----------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | traustr | traustt |
|
||
| Acc. | traust | traustt |
|
||
| Dat. | traustum | traustum |
|
||
| Gen. | trausts | trausts |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | traustar | traust |
|
||
| Acc. | traust | traust |
|
||
| Dat. | traustum | traustum |
|
||
| Gen. | traustar | traustr |
|
||
|
||
*** tren
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(tren)}}}, from English [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/train#English][train]]
|
||
|
||
1. train
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | tren | trenit | trenn | trenitr |
|
||
| Acc. | tren | trenit | tren | trenit |
|
||
| Dat. | tren | trenit | trenum | trenitum |
|
||
| Gen. | trens | trenits | trens | trenit |
|
||
|
||
*** tung
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(tuŋ)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. tongue (spoken)
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | tung | tungit | tungr | tungitr |
|
||
| Acc. | tung | tungit | tung | tungit |
|
||
| Dat. | tung | tungit | tungum | tungitum |
|
||
| Gen. | tungs | tungits | tungs | tungit |
|
||
|
||
*** týr
|
||
in.m. {{{phon(tør)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/t.php#t%C3%BDr][týr]]
|
||
|
||
1. god, divinity
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | týr | týrin | tívar | týrinn |
|
||
| Acc. | tý | týrin | tív | týrin |
|
||
| Dat. | tív | týrin | tívum | týrinum |
|
||
| Gen. | týs | týsins | tív | týsin |
|
||
|
||
*** Týr
|
||
pn. {{{phon(tør)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/t.php#t%C3%BDr-II][Týr]]
|
||
|
||
1. the god Týr
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+-----|
|
||
| Nom. | Týr |
|
||
| Acc. | Tý |
|
||
| Dat. | Tív |
|
||
| Gen. | Týs |
|
||
|
||
*** Týsdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(tøsdaɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/t.php#t%C3%BDr-II][týsdagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Tuesday, third day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
** U
|
||
*** um
|
||
prep. {{{phon(um)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/u.php#um-acc-A][um]]
|
||
|
||
1. around
|
||
2. about
|
||
3. concerning (something)
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann es mannin um talt ek þér
|
||
|
||
He's the guy I spoke to you about
|
||
|
||
| han-n | es | mann-in | um | tal-t | ek | þér |
|
||
| 3sm-NOM | to.be.3sg.PRES | 1s.NOM | about | 2s.DAT | speak-1s.PST | about |
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** undir
|
||
adj. {{{phon(undir)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/undir#Old_Norse][undir]]
|
||
|
||
1. under, underneath, below
|
||
|
||
Can only be used with a dative noun phrase.
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Bókinn er undir borðitum.
|
||
|
||
| bók-inn | er | undir | borð-itum |
|
||
| book-DEF.NOM.SG.C | be.3sg.PRES.IND | under | table-DEF.DAT.SG.N |
|
||
|
||
The book is under the table
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** undirland
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(ˈundirˌland)}}}, calque of English “underground” using [[file:./dictionary.md#undir][undir]]
|
||
and [[file:./dictionary.md#land][land]]
|
||
|
||
1. underground, subway
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#metr-o][metr(o)]]
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#land][land]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** universitet
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(oneˈβersetet)}}}, from German [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t#German][Universität]]
|
||
|
||
1. university
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *oneversetet*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------------+----------------+---------------+-----------------|
|
||
| Nom. | universitet | universitetit | universitetr | universitetitr |
|
||
| Acc. | universitet | universitetit | universitet | universitetit |
|
||
| Dat. | universitet | universitetit | universitetum | universitetitum |
|
||
| Gen. | universitets | universitetits | universitets | universitetit |
|
||
|
||
*** uppá
|
||
prep. {{{phon(ˈuɸːə̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/u.php#upp%C3%A1][uppá]]
|
||
|
||
1. upon
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *offá*
|
||
|
||
** Ú
|
||
*** úlf
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(òlv)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ulfr][úlfr]]
|
||
|
||
1. wolf-dog. See also /noregsúlfr/.
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *olv*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | úlfr | úlfinn | úlfr | úlfinn |
|
||
| Acc. | úlf | úlfin | úlf | úlfin |
|
||
| Dat. | úlf | úlfin | úlfum | úlfinum |
|
||
| Gen. | úlfar | úlfins | úlfar | úlfin |
|
||
|
||
** V
|
||
*** varm
|
||
adj. {{{phon(βarm)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#varmr][varmr]]
|
||
|
||
1. warm, hot
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | varmr | varmt |
|
||
| Acc. | varm | varmt |
|
||
| Dat. | varmum | varmum |
|
||
| Gen. | varms | varms |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | varmar | varm |
|
||
| Acc. | varm | varm |
|
||
| Dat. | varmum | varmum |
|
||
| Gen. | varmar | varmr |
|
||
|
||
*** varn(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(βɑrn)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#varna][varna]]
|
||
|
||
1. warn off
|
||
|
||
When used as /to warn about smth/, /varn/ uses /að/.
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: varn
|
||
- imperative :: varn
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: varnask
|
||
- present participle :: varnand
|
||
- past participle :: varnit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+----------|
|
||
| 1s | | varnar | varnir | varnt | varnumk |
|
||
| 2s | | varnar | varnir | varnt | varnðisk |
|
||
| 3s | | varnar | varnir | varnt | varnðisk |
|
||
| 1p | | varnum | varnim | varnum | varnumk |
|
||
| 2p | | varnið | varnið | varnuð | varnðisk |
|
||
| 3p | | varnið | varnið | varnuð | varnðisk |
|
||
|
||
*** varnað
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(βɑrnɑð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#varn-a][varn(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. warning, caution
|
||
2. advisory
|
||
3. alert
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+----------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | varnaðr | varnaðinn | varnaðr | varnaðinn |
|
||
| Acc. | varnað | varnaðin | varnað | varnaðin |
|
||
| Dat. | varnað | varnaðin | varnaðum | varnaðinum |
|
||
| Gen. | varnaðar | varnaðins | varnaðar | varnaðin |
|
||
|
||
*** varp
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(βarp)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#verp-a][verp]]
|
||
|
||
1. casting, throwing
|
||
2. projection
|
||
3. /colloquial/ a movie projection
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | varp | varpit | varp | varpitr |
|
||
| Acc. | varp | varpit | varp | varpit |
|
||
| Dat. | varp | varpit | varpum | varpitum |
|
||
| Gen. | varps | varpits | varps | varpit |
|
||
|
||
*** vatn
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(βatn̩)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vatn-A][vatn]]
|
||
|
||
1. water
|
||
2. lake
|
||
3. a fluid or adaptable situation
|
||
4. a deep, profound feeling or sensation
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Ástinn mínn er djúpt vatn
|
||
|
||
My love is deep water, i.e. profound and intense
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | vatn | vatnit | vatn | vatnitr |
|
||
| Acc. | vatn | vatnit | vatn | vatnit |
|
||
| Dat. | vatn | vatnit | vatnum | vatnitum |
|
||
| Gen. | vatns | vatnits | vatns | vatnit |
|
||
|
||
*** váð
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(βɛ̀ð)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#v%C3%A1%C3%B0i][váði]]
|
||
|
||
1. danger, peril
|
||
2. hazard, risk
|
||
3. threat, eg. /he is a threat to society/.
|
||
4. warning, caution, eg. /beware of dogs!/
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | váð | váðit | váðr | váðitr |
|
||
| Acc. | váð | váðit | váð | váðit |
|
||
| Dat. | váð | váðit | váðum | váðitum |
|
||
| Gen. | váðs | váðits | váðs | váðit |
|
||
|
||
*** ván
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(βɛ̀n)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#v%C3%A1n][ván]]
|
||
|
||
1. hope
|
||
2. wish
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *vén*
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | vánn | váninn | vánn | váninn |
|
||
| Acc. | ván | vánin | ván | vánin |
|
||
| Dat. | ván | vánin | vánum | váninum |
|
||
| Gen. | vánn | vánins | vánn | vánin |
|
||
|
||
*** ván(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(βɛ̀n)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#v%C3%A1na][vána]]
|
||
|
||
1. to hope
|
||
2. to wish for
|
||
|
||
Uses a dative for its second argument.
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *vén(a)*
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: ván
|
||
- imperative :: ván
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: vánask
|
||
- present participle :: vánand
|
||
- past participle :: vánit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Present | Sub. Present | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+--------------+--------------+-------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | vánn | vánir | vánt | vánumk |
|
||
| 2s | | vánn | vánir | vánt | vándisk |
|
||
| 3s | | vánn | vánir | vánt | vándisk |
|
||
| 1p | | vánum | vánim | vánum | vánumk |
|
||
| 2p | | vánið | vánið | vánuð | vándisk |
|
||
| 3p | | vánið | vánið | vánuð | vándisk |
|
||
|
||
*** vef
|
||
sm.n. {{{phon(βef)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vefr][vefr]]
|
||
|
||
1. web (spiders’)
|
||
2. web (textile)
|
||
3. (definite only) the WorldWideWeb, the Internet
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | vefr | vefinn | vefr | vefinn |
|
||
| Acc. | vef | vefin | vef | vefin |
|
||
| Dat. | vef | vefin | vefum | vefinum |
|
||
| Gen. | vefar | vefins | vefar | vefin |
|
||
|
||
*** vefsíð
|
||
wf.n. {{{phon(ˈβefˌsèð)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#vef][vef]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#sið-a][síð(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. website
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+---------+-----------+----------+------------|
|
||
| Nom. | vefsíð | vefsíðat | vefsíðr | vefsíðatr |
|
||
| Acc. | vefsíð | vefsíðat | vefsíð | vefsíðat |
|
||
| Dat. | vefsíð | vefsíðat | vefsíðum | vefsíðatum |
|
||
| Gen. | vefsíðs | vefsíðats | vefsíðs | vefsíðat |
|
||
|
||
*** veg
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(βeɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vegr][vegr]]
|
||
|
||
1. path, way
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------------------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | vegr {{{phon(βeɡr̩)}}} | veginn | vegr | veginn |
|
||
| Acc. | veg {{{phon(βeɣ)}}} | vegin | veg | vegin |
|
||
| Dat. | veg {{{phon(βej)}}} | vegin | vegum | veginum |
|
||
| Gen. | vegar {{{phon(βejɑr)}}} | vegins | vegar | vegin |
|
||
|
||
*** veisheit
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(ˈβɑɪshɑɪt)}}}, from German [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Weisheit#German][Weisheit]], see also [[file:./dictionary.md#visk-a][visk(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. knowledge or wisdom
|
||
2. insight
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+-------------+------------+--------------|
|
||
| Nom. | veisheit | veisheitit | veisheitr | veisheititr |
|
||
| Acc. | veisheit | veisheitit | veisheit | veisheitit |
|
||
| Dat. | veisheit | veisheitit | veisheitum | veisheititum |
|
||
| Gen. | veisheits | veisheitits | veisheits | veisheitit |
|
||
|
||
*** ver(a)
|
||
iv. {{{phon(βer)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vera#Old_Norse][vera]]
|
||
|
||
1. to be
|
||
2. active auxilliary
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: ver
|
||
- imperative :: ves
|
||
- present participle :: verand
|
||
- past participle :: vest
|
||
|
||
| | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Ind. Past | Subj. Past |
|
||
|----+------------+-------------+-----------+------------|
|
||
| 1s | em | sé | vas | vár |
|
||
| 2s | est/ert | sér | vast | vár |
|
||
| 3s | es/er | sé | vas | vár |
|
||
| 1p | er | sé | var | vár |
|
||
| 2p | eruð | séð | varð | várið |
|
||
| 3p | er | sé | var | vár |
|
||
|
||
The distinction between /est/ or /ert/ and /es/ or /er/ is purely based on the
|
||
dialect one speaks. In general, the /est/ and /es/ form is preferred in
|
||
Ðeberget’s region, Fjalheim and other Northern parts of Eittland while
|
||
/ert/ and /er/ is preferred everywhere else.
|
||
|
||
*** verk
|
||
sn.n. {{{phon(βerk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#verk][verk]]
|
||
|
||
1. work, the activities or tasks performed as part of one’s job or
|
||
occupation
|
||
2. business, a commercial or industrial enterprise or activity
|
||
3. project, a planned undertaking or endeavour, typically involving a
|
||
series of tasks or activities aimed at achieving a specific goal
|
||
4. a large or complex task or assignment
|
||
5. a collaborative effort involving multiple participants
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | verk | verkit | verk | verkitr |
|
||
| Acc. | verk | verkit | verk | verkit |
|
||
| Dat. | verk | verkit | verkum | verkitum |
|
||
| Gen. | verks | verkits | verks | verkit |
|
||
|
||
*** verp(a)
|
||
sv. {{{phon(βerp)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#verpa][verpa]]
|
||
|
||
1. to throw
|
||
2. to cast (e.g. a movie)
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: verp
|
||
- imperative :: verp
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: verpask
|
||
- present participle :: verpand
|
||
- past participle :: verpit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | verpr | verpir | verpt | verpumk |
|
||
| 2s | | verpr | verpir | verpt | verpask |
|
||
| 3s | | verpr | verpir | verpt | verpask |
|
||
| 1p | | verpum | verpim | verpum | verpumk |
|
||
| 2p | | verpið | verpið | verpuð | verpask |
|
||
| 3p | | verpið | verpið | verpuð | verpask |
|
||
|
||
*** vest
|
||
adv. {{{phon(βeʃt)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vestr][vestr]]
|
||
|
||
1. West, westward
|
||
|
||
*** vél
|
||
sn.f. {{{phon(βɛl)}}}, from ON [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/v%C3%A9l#Old_Norse][vél]]
|
||
|
||
1. machine, craft
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | véll | vélinn | véll | vélinn |
|
||
| Acc. | vél | vélin | vél | vélin |
|
||
| Dat. | vél | vélin | vélum | vélinum |
|
||
| Gen. | vélar | vélins | vélar | vélin |
|
||
|
||
*** vétal(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(ˈβɛ̀tal)}}}, portemanteau of [[file:./dictionary.md#vel][vél]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#tal-a][tal(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. computer
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#tal-a][tal(a)]] for declensions.
|
||
|
||
*** vik(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(βik)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vika-B][vika]]
|
||
|
||
1. a week
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | vik | vikat | vikr | vikatr |
|
||
| Acc. | vik | vikat | vik | vikat |
|
||
| Dat. | vik | vikat | vikum | vikatum |
|
||
| Gen. | viks | vikats | viks | vikat |
|
||
|
||
**** Days of the week
|
||
1. [[file:./dictionary.md#sunsdag][Sunsdag]]
|
||
2. [[file:./dictionary.md#mansdag][Mánsdag]]
|
||
3. [[file:./dictionary.md#tysdag][Týsdag]]
|
||
4. [[file:./dictionary.md#oðinsdag][Óðinsdag]]
|
||
5. [[file:./dictionary.md#þorsdag][Þórsdag]]
|
||
6. [[file:./dictionary.md#fridag][Frídag]]
|
||
7. [[file:./dictionary.md#laurdag][Laurdag]]
|
||
|
||
*** vilja
|
||
iv. {{{phon(βiʎ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vilja][vilja]]
|
||
|
||
1. to want, to wish
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive :: vilja
|
||
- imperative :: vilja
|
||
- imperative passive voice :: viljask
|
||
- present participle :: viljand
|
||
- past participle :: viljit
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+--------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | vil | vil | vilt | vildumk |
|
||
| 2s | | vill | vil | vilir | vildisk |
|
||
| 3s | | vill | vil | vilir | vildisk |
|
||
| 1p | | viljum | vilim | vildum | vildumk |
|
||
| 2p | | vilið | vilið | vilduð | vildisk |
|
||
| 3p | | vilið | vilið | vilduð | vildisk |
|
||
|
||
*** vin
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(βin)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. friend
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+-------+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | vinn | vininn | vinn | vininn |
|
||
| Acc. | vin | vinin | vin | vinin |
|
||
| Dat. | vin | vinin | vinum | vininum |
|
||
| Gen. | vinar | vinins | vinar | vinin |
|
||
|
||
*** vinbú
|
||
wn.m. {{{phon(ˈβinˌbò)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. pet
|
||
2. roommate (derogatory)
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#bu][bú]].
|
||
|
||
*** vind
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(βind)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vindr2][vindr]]
|
||
|
||
1. wind, the percepIble natural movement of the air, especially
|
||
outdoors
|
||
2. something that drives or influences change, progress, or movement;
|
||
an unpredictable or dynamic force
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann er vindin aptr nemum mínum
|
||
|
||
He is the wind behind my studies, i.e. he is the reason my studies
|
||
go on
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
3. information or news that spreads quickly and widely, often through
|
||
infomal cannels; rumours or gossips
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
- Vindinn er sandr eig
|
||
|
||
The rumors are not true
|
||
|
||
- Han hlert vindin um svá
|
||
|
||
She heard the rumours about that
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+--------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | vindr | vindinn | vindr | vindinn |
|
||
| Acc. | vind | vindin | vind | vindin |
|
||
| Dat. | vind | vindin | vindum | vindinum |
|
||
| Gen. | vindar | vindins | vindar | vindin |
|
||
|
||
*** vindker
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈβind.ˌker)}}}, from [[file:./dictionary.md#vind][vind]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#ker][ker]]
|
||
|
||
1. sky, litt /wind bassin/
|
||
2. atmosphere
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#ker][ker]].
|
||
|
||
*** vindaug(a)
|
||
wn.n. {{{phon(ˈβindˌɔ̀j)}}}, from [[file:dictionary.md#vind][vind]] and [[file:./dictionary.md#aug-a][aug(a)]]
|
||
|
||
1. window
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----------+------------+-----------+-------------|
|
||
| Nom. | vindaug | vindaugat | vindaug | vindaugatr |
|
||
| Acc. | vindaug | vindaugat | vindaug | vindaugat |
|
||
| Dat. | vindaug | vindaugat | vindaugum | vindaugatum |
|
||
| Gen. | vindaugas | vindaugats | vindaugas | vindaugat |
|
||
|
||
*** vit
|
||
interj. {{{phon(βit)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. question marker, see [[file:./grammar.md#yes-no-questions][yes/no questions]], probably from an inuit
|
||
dialect.
|
||
|
||
*** visk(a)
|
||
wn.f. {{{phon(βiʃk)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/v.php#vizka][vizka]]
|
||
|
||
1. practical knowledge or wisdom, acquired from experience
|
||
|
||
See [[file:./dictionary.md#veisheit][veisheit]] for a more general term for /wisdow/
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-------+---------+--------+----------|
|
||
| Nom. | visk | viskit | viskr | viskitr |
|
||
| Acc. | visk | viskit | visk | viskit |
|
||
| Dat. | visk | viskit | viskum | viskitum |
|
||
| Gen. | visks | viskits | visks | viskit |
|
||
|
||
** Y
|
||
*** ynnlig
|
||
{{{phon(ynːliɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/y.php#ynniliga][ynniliga]]
|
||
|
||
1. adv. cutely, lovely, adorably
|
||
2. adj. cute, lovely, adorably
|
||
|
||
#+name: ynnlig-adjective-declension
|
||
#+caption: Declension of /ynnlig/ as an adjective
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+----------+----------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | ynnligr | ynnligt |
|
||
| Acc. | ynnlig | ynnligt |
|
||
| Dat. | ynnligum | ynnligum |
|
||
| Gen. | ynnligs | ynnligs |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | ynnligar | ynnlig |
|
||
| Acc. | ynnlig | ynnlig |
|
||
| Dat. | ynnligum | ynnligum |
|
||
| Gen. | ynnligar | ynnligr |
|
||
|
||
** Ý
|
||
** Z
|
||
** Ø
|
||
** Œ
|
||
*** Œgir
|
||
pn. {{{phon(ˈœjer)}}}
|
||
|
||
1. A mythical beast residing in the forests of the western Eittlandic
|
||
fjords.
|
||
|
||
Alternative form: *Œjer*
|
||
|
||
** Đ
|
||
** Þ
|
||
*** þá
|
||
conj. {{{phon(θɛ̀)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BE%C3%A1][þá]]
|
||
|
||
1. then, temporal continuity or implied consequence
|
||
2. plural accusative form of [[file:./dictionary.md#sa][sá]]
|
||
|
||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||
Hann kœmt heim, þá lokt ok lást dyrin
|
||
|
||
He came home, then closed and locked the door
|
||
#+html: :::
|
||
|
||
*** þegar
|
||
{{{phon(θejar)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BEegar][þegar]]
|
||
|
||
1. adv. already, at once
|
||
2. conj. when
|
||
|
||
*** þess(i)
|
||
pron. {{{phon(θesː)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BEessi][þessi]]
|
||
|
||
1. this
|
||
|
||
See also [[file:./dictionary.md#sa][sá]]
|
||
|
||
*** Þór
|
||
pn.m. {{{phon(θɔr)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BE%C3%B3rr-A][Þórr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Thor
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. |
|
||
|------+------|
|
||
| Nom. | Þórr |
|
||
| Acc. | Þór |
|
||
| Dat. | Þór |
|
||
| Gen. | Þórs |
|
||
|
||
*** Þórsdag
|
||
sn.m. {{{phon(θɔrsdaɣ)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BE%C3%B3rsdagr][þórsdagr]]
|
||
|
||
1. Thursday, fifth day of the week
|
||
|
||
For declensions, see [[file:./dictionary.md#dag][dag]]. Does not have a definite form. See the other
|
||
[[file:./dictionary.md#days-of-the-week][days of the week]].
|
||
|
||
*** því
|
||
adv. {{{phon(θwe)}}}, from ON [[https://old-norse.net/html/th.php#%C3%BEv%C3%AD][því]]
|
||
|
||
1. because
|
||
|
||
* Notes :noexport:
|
||
** Declension templates
|
||
*** Nouns
|
||
|
||
| | Sg. | Def.Sg. | Pl. | Def.Pl. |
|
||
|------+-----+---------+-----+---------|
|
||
| Nom. | | | | |
|
||
| Acc. | | | | |
|
||
| Dat. | | | | |
|
||
| Gen. | | | | |
|
||
|
||
*** Adjectives
|
||
|
||
| | Common | Neuter |
|
||
|---------+--------+--------|
|
||
| Sg.Nom. | | |
|
||
| Acc. | | |
|
||
| Dat. | | |
|
||
| Gen. | | |
|
||
| Pl.Nom. | | |
|
||
| Acc. | | |
|
||
| Dat. | | |
|
||
| Gen. | | |
|
||
|
||
*** Verbs
|
||
|
||
Declensions:
|
||
- infinitive ::
|
||
- imperative ::
|
||
- imperative passive voice ::
|
||
- present participle ::
|
||
- past participle ::
|
||
|
||
| <c> | | | | | |
|
||
| person | | Ind. Pres. | Subj. Pres. | Past | Passive |
|
||
|--------+---+------------+-------------+------+---------|
|
||
| 1s | | | | | |
|
||
| 2s | | | | | |
|
||
| 3s | | | | | |
|
||
| 1p | | | | | |
|
||
| 2p | | | | | |
|
||
| 3p | | | | | |
|
||
|
||
** Numbers
|
||
- einn
|
||
- tveir
|
||
- þrír / þrer
|
||
- férir
|
||
- femm
|
||
- sex
|
||
- se
|
||
- átt / étt
|
||
- ní / ne
|
||
- tí / te
|