conlang.phundrak.com/docs/eittlandic/dictionary.org

• Dictionary
  • A
    • aug(a) - ój
  • Á
    • áng - éng
  • B
    • borð
    • borg
    • bræð - bréð
    • bróð(i)
    • bók(a)
    • bøk
  • C
  • D
    • djúp - djóp
    • djúplig - djópleg
    • dótt(i)
  • E
    • edd(a)
    • Eittland
    • ell(a)
  • É
  • F
    • fað(i)
    • far(a)
    • feð
    • ferð
    • fé
    • fisk
  • G
    • gauð - jauð
    • gef - jev
    • gegn - jegn
    • gleym(a) / gløym
  • H
    • hav(a)
      • Inflexions
    • heils(a)
    • historja
    • hjól
    • hler(a)
    • hlóð
    • hlust(a)
    • hneis(a)
    • hneising
    • hnjós(a)
    • hrifs - hrivs
    • hvar
    • hvat
    • hví - hve
    • hvít
  • I
    • ikkí
  • Í
  • J
    • já - jé
  • K
    • kaup(a) - kóp
    • kék
    • kom(a)
    • Konung - Kononɡ
    • konunɡliɡ - konongleg
  • L
    • land
    • lykil
  • M
    • metr(o)
    • með
    • Meðkonung
    • mið
    • myrɡunn
  • N
    • ná - né
    • náng - néng
    • nei
    • norvegsúlf(r) - norvejsólv
  • O
    • opt - oft
  • Ó
    • óglað - ógjœð
    • óss
  • P
    • pengvin - pengven
  • R
    • ráðuneyt(i) - réðoneyt
  • S
    • sitj(a)
    • sjá - sjé
    • skilj(a) - skij
    • snjór
    • styrsamhald(i)
  • T
    • tal(a)
    • tren
  • U
    • undir
    • undirland
    • universitet - oneversetet
    • uppá - offá
  • Ú
    • úlf(r) - olv
  • V
    • veisheit
    • ver(a)
      • Inflexions
    • vest
    • vél
    • vétal(a)
    • vit
    • visk(a)
  • Y
  • Ý
  • Z
  • Ø
  • Œ
    • Œgir - Œjer
  • Đ
  • Þ

Dictionary

Below you will find a simple Eittlandic to English dictionary. It uses some abbreviations you should keep in mind:

acc

accusative

adj

adjective

adv

adverb

art

article

aux

auxiliary

c

common

comp

comparative

conj

conjunction

Dan

Danish

dat

dative

def

definite

Eng

English

EON

Early Old Norse

f

feminine

gen

genitive

Ger

German

imp

imperative

ind

indicative

interr

interrogative

iv

irregular verb

m

masculine

mass

mass noun

ME

Middle Eittlandic

n

neuter

neg

negative

nom

nominal

Nor

Norwegian (Nynork if no dialect is specified)

num

numeral

OE

Old Eittlandic

OI

Old Icelandic

ON

Old Norse

pas

passive

pl

plural

prep

preposition

pret

preterite

pron

pronoun

sc

strong common

sg

singular

sn

strong neuter

stg

strong

sv

strong verb

Swe

Swedish

wk

weak

wn

weak noun

wv

weak verb

Note that when a word is marked solely as masculine, feminine or neutral, it is a noun. Otherwise, another marker such as adj. should be added, for instance f.adj. for a feminine adjective.

All words are indexed by their spelling as determined by Standard Eittlandic, which roughly corresponds to the accusative of other dialects.

All words are indexed by a standardized traditional spelling, with occasionally their Standard Eittlandic spelling following it (e.g. gleym(a) - gløym). Each noun has its declension presented to the reader as a guide to how it might generally look in dialects other than Standard Eittlandic, however variations may exist from one dialect to another. For instance, while most Eittlandic dialects lost the ru part of the dat.pl. declention, going from férum to fém, some dialects in East Northern Eittland still retain the former form.

Letters in parenthesis are no longer used when writing Eittlandic but are still underlying vowels that can still affect the pronunciation of the word and its surroundings. For instance, dag can represent two forms of the word dag(r), dag and dag(a). The former is pronounced . They can also represent grammatical cases which are no longer used in Standard Eittlandic, such as dag(r) shown above which doesn’t exist as dagr in Standard Eittlandic, only as dag. The underlying vowel also reappears when the word is used in its definite form. For instance, dagr becomes dagann due to the underlying «a» in its accusative form dag(a) while fiskr becomes fiskinn (the «i» is added when no other vowel can replace it). To symbolize which definite article is used with nouns, it is indicated between parenthesis in the accusative case, preceeded by a dash, as in dag(a-n).

A

aug(a) - ój

wn.n.

1. eye

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	aug	augat	aug	augatr
Acc.	aug	augat	aug	augat
Dat.	aug	augat	augum	augatum
Gen.	augas	augats	augas	augat

Á

áng - éng

interj.

1. positive counter-factual, see the questions section of the grammar

This word does not have a clear origin, however it is supposed it was borrowed early on from an Eskaleut language that may have been spoken by the island’s initial inhabitants. Compare modern-day Aleut aang and Proto-Eskimoan *aa or *ii.

B

borð

sn.n.

1. table
2. large plank

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	borð	borðit	borðr	borðitr
Acc.	borð	borðit	borð	borðit
Dat.	borð	borðit	borðum	borðitum
Gen.	borðs	borðits	borðs	borðit

borg

sn.f , from ON borg

1. city

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	borgr	borginn	borgr	borginn
Acc.	borg	borgin	borg	borgin
Dat.	borg	borgin	borgum	borginum
Gen.	borgar	borgins	borgar	borgin

bræð - bréð

sm.

See bróð

bróð(i)

sm. , from ON bróðir

1. brother, plural bræð

Re-analysis of ON bródir decomposed into bróð + -ir by popular etymology. Same goes for its former plural bræðir which got re-analyzed into bræð + -ir.

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	bróðr	bróðinn	bræðr	bræðinn
Acc.	bróð	bróðin	bræð	bræðin
Dat.	bróðir	bróðin	bræðir	bræðinum
Gen.	bróð	bróðins	bræðum	bræðin

bók(a)

sf. , from ON bók

1. book, plural bøk

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	bókr	bókann	bøkr	bøkann
Acc.	bók	bókan	bøk	bøkan
Dat.	bókar	bókan	bøkar	bøkanum
Gen.	bók	bókans	bøkum	bøkan

bøk

sf.

See bók

C

D

djúp - djóp

adj. , from ON djúpr

1. deep
2. profound (figuratively)

djúplig - djópleg

adv. , from OE djúpr (see djúp) with OE suffix -ligr (see ON -ligr)

1. deeply
2. inherently

dótt(i)

sn.f. , from ON dóttir

1. daughter

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	dóttr	dóttinn	dœttr	dœttinn
Acc.	dótt	dóttin	dœtt	dœttin
Dat.	dótt	dóttin	dœttum	dœttinum
Gen.	dóttir	dóttins	dœttar	dœttin

E

edd(a)

wf. , from ON edda

1. great grandmother
2. female ancestor, beyond the grandmother

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	edd	eddann	eddr	eddann
Acc.	edd	eddan	edd	eddan
Dat.	eddas	eddan	eddam	eddanum
Gen.	eddas	eddans	eddas	eddan

Eittland

wn. , from OE neutral einn (alone, lonely), itself from ON einn, and ON land

1. High Kingdom of Eittland
2. island of Eittland

	Sg.
Nom.	Eittland
Acc.	Eittland
Gen.	Eittlands
Dat.	Eittland

ell(a)

, from ON ella

1. (adv.) else, or, otherwise
2. (conj.) or

É

F

fað(i)

sn.m. , from ON faðir

1. father, plural feð

Re-analysis of sg. fadir and pl. feðir as fað and feð respectively, each appended with a grammatical -r or -ir (which later got reduced to -r).

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	faðr	faðinn	feðr	feðinn
Acc.	fað	faðin	feð	feðin
Dat.	fað	faðin	feðum	feðinum
Gen.	faðar	faðins	feðar	feðin

far(a)

iv. , from ON fara

1. to go

infinitive

far

imperative

far

imperative passive voice

farsk

present participle

farand

past participle

farit

person		Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Past	Passive
1s		ferr	ferir	fert	ferumk
2s		ferr	ferir	fert	ferisk
3s		ferr	ferir	fert	ferisk
1p		farum	farim	farum	farumk
2p		farið	farið	faruð	farask
3p		farið	farið	faruð	farask

feð

sm.

See fað

ferð

sn.m. , from EON ferðr

1. fjord, bay

fé

sn.n.mass. , from ON fé (cattle)

1. wealth

	Singular	Plural
Nom.	fé	fé
Acc.	fé	fé
Dat.	fé	fém
Gen.	fés	fés

fisk

sn.m. , from ON fiskr

1. fish

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	fiskr	fiskinn	fiskr	fiskinn
Acc.	fisk	fiskin	fisk	fiskin
Dat.	fisk	fiskin	fiskum	fiskinum
Gen.	fiskar	fiskins	fiskar	fiskin

G

gauð - jauð

wn.f. , from ON gauð (a barking)

1. a quarrel
2. a heated debate (informal)

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	gauð	gauðit	gauðr	gauðitr
Acc.	gauð	gauðit	gauð	gauðit
Dat.	gauð	gauðit	gauðum	gauðitum
Gen.	gauðs	gauðits	gauðs	gauðit

gef - jev

sn.f. , from Early Old Norse gef

1. gift, present

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	gefr	gefinn	gefr	gefinn
Acc.	gef	gefin	gef	gefin
Dat.	gef	gefin	gefum	gefinum
Gen.	gefar	gefins	gefar	gefin

gegn - jegn

adv. , from ON gegn

1. against, opposing

gleym(a) / gløym

1. , from ON gleyma
2. to forget

infinitive

gleym

imperative

gleym

imperative passive voice

gleymsk

present participle

gleymand

past participle

gleymit

person		Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Past	Passive
1s		gleymr	gleymir	gleymt	gleymumk
2s		gleymr	gleymir	gleymt	gleymask
3s		gleymr	gleymir	gleymt	gleymask
1p		gleymum	gleymir	gleymum	gleymumk
2p		gleymið	gleymið	gleymuð	gleymask
3p		gleymið	gleymið	gleymuð	gleymask

The verb gleym takes a dative instead of an accusative.

::: tip Example

1. Ek gleymr opt lykillinum

   ek	gleym-r	opt	lykill-inum
   1s.NOM	forget-1s.PRES	often	key-pl.DAT.ART.DEF.

   I often forget the keys

2. Hann haft gleymt at far til borgin

   hann	haft	gleymt	at	far	til	borg-in
   3s.m.NOM	have.3s.PST	forget.3s.PST	to.DAT	go.INF	to	city-def.art.s.DAT

   He forgot to go to the city.

H

hav(a)

iv. , from ON hafa

1. to have
2. stative auxilliary

Inflexions

infinitive

hav

imperative

hav (except 2p haft)

imperative passive voice

hafsk (except 1p havumsk)

present participle

havand

past participle

hafr

	Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Indicative Past	Subjunctive Past
1s	hav	hav	haft	haft
2s	havir	havir	haftir	haftir
3s	havir	hav	haft	haft
1p	havum	havim	haft	haft
2p	haft	haft	haftuð	haftið
3p	hav	hav	haft	haft

Note that there is no difference between singular and plural when using hav(a) in the passive voice.

	Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Indicative Past	Subjunctive Past
1	havumk	havumk	havumk	heðumk
2	hafsk	havisk	havisk	heðisk
3	hafsk	havisk	havisk	heðisk

heils(a)

wn.f. , from ON heilsa

1. health

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	heils	heilsat	heilsr	heilsatr
Acc.	heils	heilsat	heils	heilsat
Dat.	heils	heilsat	heilsum	heilsatum
Gen.	heilsas	heilsats	heilsas	heilsat

historja

wn.f. , from Latin historia

1. history

hjól

sn.n. , from ON hjól

1. wheel

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	hjól	hjólit	hjól	hjólitr
Acc.	hjól	hjólit	hjól	hjólit
Dat.	hjól	hjólit	hjólum	hjólitum
Gen.	hjóls	hjólits	hjóls	hjólit

hler(a)

1. , from ON hlera
2. to hear
3. to eaves-drop (accidentaly)

infinitive

hler

imperative

hler

imperative passive voice

hlerask (except 1p hlerumk)

present participle

hlerand

past participle

hlerit

person		Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Past	Passive
1s		hlerr	hlerir	hlert	hlerumk
2s		hlerr	hlerir	hlert	hlerask
3s		hlerr	hlerir	hlert	hlerask
1p		hlerum	hlerim	hlerum	hlerumk
2p		hlerið	hlerið	hleruð	hlerask
3p		hlerið	hlerið	hleruð	hlerask

Its secondary argument is always a secondary noun phrase if there is one.

hlóð

wn.n. , from ON hlóð

1. hearth
2. living room

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	hlóð	hlóðit	hlóðr	hlóðitr
Acc.	hlóð	hlóðit	hlóð	hlóðit
Dat.	hlóð	hlóðit	hlóðum	hlóðitum
Gen.	hlóðs	hlóðits	hlóðs	hlóðits

hlust(a)

1. , from ON hlusta
2. to listen to

infinitive

hlust

imperative

hlust

imperative passive voice

hlustask (except 1p hlustumk)

present participle

hlustand

past participle

hlustit

person		Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Past	Passive
1s		hlustr	hlustir	hlustat	hlustumk
2s		hlustr	hlustir	hlustat	hlustask
3s		hlustr	hlustir	hlustat	hlustask
1p		hlustum	hlustim	hlustum	hlustumk
2p		hlustið	hlustið	hlustuð	hlustask
3p		hlustið	hlustið	hlustuð	hlustask

Its secondary argument is always a secondary noun phrase if there is one.

::: tip Example

1. Han hlustr henn He’s listening to her
2. Vér hlustum eigi We did not listen

:::

hneis(a)

wn.f. , from ON hneisa

1. shame, disgrace, fear
2. reclusion (out of shame or out of fear)
3. social isolation

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	hneis	hneisit	hneisr	hneisitr
Acc.	hneis	hneisit	hneis	hneisit
Dat.	hneis	hneisit	hneisum	hneisitum
Gen.	hneisas	hneisits	hneisas	hneisits

hneising

wn.n.

1. hermit
2. (modern) shut-in, hikikomori

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	hneising	hneisingit	hneisingr	hneisingitr
Acc.	hneising	hneisingit	hneising	hneisingit
Dat.	hneising	hneisingit	hneisingum	hneisingitum
Gen.	hneisings	hneisingits	hneisings	hneisingit

hnjós(a)

1. , from ON hnjósa
2. to sneeze

hrifs - hrivs

1. , from ON hrifs
2. assault, mugging

hvar

pron. , from ON hvar

1. where

hvat

adv. , from ON hvat

1. what

hví - hve

adv. , from ON hví

1. why

hvít

adj. , from ON hvítr

1. white

I

ikkí

interj.

1. How cold! Brr!

From an unkwnown Greenlandic language, compare with modern Greenlandic ikkii.

Í

J

já - jé

, from ON já

1. (adv) yes
2. (interj) yes (as an exclamation of joy)

K

kaup(a) - kóp

1. , from ON kaupa
2. commerce
3. bargain, barter

kék

adj.

1. gray (hair colour)

Probably from a Greenlandic dialect, compare to West Greenlandic qeeq

kom(a)

sv. , from ON koma

1. to come

Konung - Kononɡ

sn.m. , from ON konungr

1. king

konunɡliɡ - konongleg

, from konung and suffix -lig.

1. adv. royaly
2. adj. royal

L

land

sn.n. , from ON land

1. land

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	land	landit	land	landitr
Acc.	land	landit	land	landit
Dat.	land	landit	landum	landitum
Gen.	lands	landits	lands	landit

lykil

wn.m. , from ON lykill

1. key (to a keyhole, to a lock,…)
2. musical key

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	lykil	lykilit	lykill	lykilitr
Acc.	lykil	lykilit	lykil	lykilit
Dat.	lykil	lykilit	lykilum	lykilitum
Gen.	lykils	lykilits	lykils	lykilit

M

metr(o)

wn.n. , from French “métro”

1. subway, underground

	Sg.	Def.Sg.	Pl.	Def.Pl.
Nom.	metr	metrot	metror	metrotr
Acc.	metr	metrot	metr	metrot
Dat.	metr	metrot	metrum	metrotum
Gen.	metros	metrots	metros	metrot

See also undirland

með

adv.

1. with
2. prefix with, co-smth. See

Meðkonung

sn.m. , see með and konung - kononɡ

1. Co-King

mið

adj. , from ON miðr

1. middle (physically and temporaly)
2. midways

myrɡunn

1. , from ON myrgunn
2. morning, aurora

N

ná - né

adv. , from ON ná

1. now

   ::: tip Example

   Ná kom ek frá universitetit.

   I come from the university now.

   :::

2. intensifier, used at the end of sentences

   ::: tip Example

   Ek kom frá universitetit ná!

   • I come from the university (you know)

   or

   • (I’ll have you know) I come from the university!
   :::

3. progressive marker when placed right after the verb

   ::: tip Example

   Ek kom ná frá universitetit.

   I’m coming from the university.

   :::

náng - néng

interj.

1. negative counter-factual, see the questions section of the grammar

This word does not have a clear origin, however it is supposed it was borrowed early on from an Eskaleut language that may have been spoken by the island’s initial inhabitants. Compare Aleut nangaa and Proto-Eskimoan *nanka, and Western Greenlandic naagga.

nei

, from ON nei

1. (adv.) no
2. (interj) no, as an exclamation of panic, regret

norvegsúlf(r) - norvejsólv

1. , from ON Noregs (genitive of ON Noregr) and ON

úlfr

1. wolf, litt. Norway’s wolf.

Wolves do not naturally live in Eittland. Their only relatives introduced to the island were dogs and wolf-dogs, and the latter inherited the simpler úlfr term. Noun composed by Old Norse noregs (genitive of Noregr, Norway) and úlfr.

O

opt - oft

adv. , from ON opt

1. often

Ó

óglað - ógjœð

adj. , from ON óglaðr

1. very sad, depressed, miserable

óss

sn.m. , from ON óss

1. river mouth
2. fjord mouth

P

pengvin - pengven

1. , from French pingouin through Danish pingvin
2. penguin

R

ráðuneyt(i) - réðoneyt

wn.m. , from OI ráðuneyti

1. Ministry
2. department

S

sitj(a)

1. , from ON sitja
2. to sit
3. to represent (politics)

sjá - sjé

1. , from ON sjá
2. to see
3. to understand

skilj(a) - skij

1. , from ON skilja
2. to differenciate
3. to segregate, to separate
4. to understand a difference

snjór

1. , from ON snjór
2. snow

styrsamhald(i)

1. , from Old Norse styrr (stir, battle) and

samhaldi (a holding together, unity).

1. military batallion
2. mitilary unit, group

T

tal(a)

wn.f. , from ON tala

1. numbers

tren

wn.n. , from English train

1. train

U

undir

adj. , from ON undir

1. under, underneath, below

Can only be used with accusative or dative.

::: tip Example

Bókinn er undir borðitum.

bók-inn	er	undir	borð-itum
book-DEF.NOM.SG.C	be.3sg.PRES.IND	under	table-DEF.DAT.SG.N

The book is under the table

:::

undirland

sn.n. , calque of English “underground” using undir and land

1. underground, subway

See also metr(o)

universitet - oneversetet

wn.n. , from German Universität

1. university

uppá - offá

prep. , from ON uppá

1. upon

Ú

úlf(r) - olv

1. , from ON úlfr
2. wolf-dog. See also noregsúlfr.

V

veisheit

wn.f. , from German Weisheit, see also visk(a)

1. knowledge or wisdom
2. insight

ver(a)

iv. , from ON vera

1. to be
2. active auxilliary

Inflexions

infinitive

ver

imperative

ver

present participle

verand

past participle

vert

	Indicative Present	Subjunctive Present	Indicative Past	Subjunctive Past
1s	em	sé	var	vár
2s	ert	sér	vart	vár
3s	er	sé	var	vár
1p	er	sé	var	vár
2p	eruð	séð	varð	várið
3p	er	sé	var	vár

vest

adv. , from ON vestr

1. West, westward

vél

sc.f. , from ON vél

1. machine, craft

vétal(a)

wn.f. , portemanteau of vél and tal(a)

1. computer

vit

interj.

1. question marker, see yes/no questions, probably from a Greenlandic dialect, see Greenlandic interrogative moods.

visk(a)

1. , from ON vizka
2. practical knowledge or wisdom, acquired from experience

See veisheit for a more general term for wisdow

Y

Ý

Z

Ø

Œ

Œgir - Œjer

2. A mythical beast residing in the forests of the western

Eittlandic fjords.

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Þ