docs(zikãti): add vocabulary and grammar
This commit is contained in:
parent
01d43e9bbc
commit
ef7dae6ce2
GPG Key ID:
BD7789E705CB8DCA
216
docs/zikãti.org
216
docs/zikãti.org
@ -99,7 +99,11 @@ word or when they co-occur between words, a dummy {{{phon(u)}}} is added.
|
||||
A word may contain one or more core roots which affixes cannot
|
||||
separate but which can aggregate around this word core. A word can
|
||||
consist of its bare core only, or the core surrounded by affixes. The
|
||||
amount of prefixes and suffixes is independent from each other.
|
||||
amount of prefixes and suffixes that can be possibly added is
|
||||
independent from the amount of compounds forming the core of a word.
|
||||
|
||||
An example is *sahlud* (/life/), which is a compound of *sah* (/spirit, mind/)
|
||||
and *lud* (/breath, life/).
|
||||
|
||||
** Grammar
|
||||
*** Word structure
|
||||
@ -127,6 +131,9 @@ suffixes, see [[file:zikãti.md#abbreviations][Abbreviations]].
|
||||
- ti- :: CAUS
|
||||
- zi- :: PERS
|
||||
|
||||
When the negative prefix is associated with a verb, it acts as a
|
||||
negative towards the verb itself.
|
||||
|
||||
***** Suffixes
|
||||
- -dãt :: PART
|
||||
- -gãs :: AGAT
|
||||
@ -137,6 +144,7 @@ suffixes, see [[file:zikãti.md#abbreviations][Abbreviations]].
|
||||
- -rã :: TR
|
||||
- -sõr :: NOMIN
|
||||
- -zãr :: PASS
|
||||
- -qã :: SUBJ, attaches to verbs only, see [[file:zikãti#subclauses][subclauses]]
|
||||
|
||||
*** Word order
|
||||
Zikãti is a postpositional language following the SOV word order in
|
||||
@ -210,6 +218,26 @@ followed by the object’s clitic.
|
||||
- kãtikõthẽgai :: we (but not the interlocutor) hike
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
|
||||
If the verb has an oblique argument, it will require an accusative
|
||||
anaphoric clitic and use a second one to agree with this third
|
||||
argument. If no object is available, a dummy accusative clitic *lih* or
|
||||
*qur* is used as a placeholder. The choice is made depending on whether
|
||||
the dummy object can be an animate or inanimate object respectively.
|
||||
|
||||
**** Subclauses
|
||||
When using a subclause, the verb must be used in the subjunctive. This
|
||||
simply means speakers must add the *-qã* suffix at the end of the verb
|
||||
but before its anaphoric clitics, and the subclause itself must end
|
||||
with the nominalizer *-sõr*. The subclauses agrees with other verbs with
|
||||
the fourth singular person.
|
||||
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
gi qusahsõr mbihẽhãrqãsõr sahrãraqqur
|
||||
- from PROG-spirit.mind-NOMIN meat.food-INTR-NECESS-SUBJ-1s.NPST.NOM-NOMIN mind.spirit-TR-1s.PST.NOM-4s.PST.ACC
|
||||
- gi qu-sah-sõr mbi-hẽ-hãr-qã-qa-sõr sah-rã-raq-qur
|
||||
I remembered I have to cook
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
|
||||
** Abbreviations
|
||||
- ACC :: accusative
|
||||
- ADJ :: adjective
|
||||
@ -231,6 +259,7 @@ followed by the object’s clitic.
|
||||
- NOM :: nominative
|
||||
- NOMIN :: nominalisation, nominalizer
|
||||
- NPST :: non-past
|
||||
- OBL :: oblique
|
||||
- PART :: participle
|
||||
- PARTN :: partisan
|
||||
- PASS :: passive verb
|
||||
@ -238,30 +267,92 @@ followed by the object’s clitic.
|
||||
- POSSIB :: possibility, capacity, ability
|
||||
- PROG :: progressive, process
|
||||
- PST :: past
|
||||
- SUBJ :: subjunctive, irrealis
|
||||
- TOOL :: thing, tool
|
||||
- TR :: transitive verb
|
||||
- vi. :: intransitive verb
|
||||
- vt. :: transitive verb
|
||||
|
||||
** Vocabulary
|
||||
|
||||
*** banzi - hand
|
||||
- banzi (n.) :: hand
|
||||
|
||||
*** banzida - nail (hand)
|
||||
See [[file:./zikãti#banzi-hand][banzi]] and [[file:./zikãti#da-bone][da]].
|
||||
|
||||
- banzida (n.) :: nail (of a hand)
|
||||
|
||||
*** da - bone
|
||||
- da (n.) :: bone
|
||||
|
||||
*** disur - body
|
||||
- disur (n.) :: body
|
||||
|
||||
*** disurda - skeleton
|
||||
See [[file:./zikãti#disur-body][disur]] and [[file:./zikãti#da-bone][da]].
|
||||
|
||||
- disurda (n.) :: skeleton
|
||||
|
||||
*** disurtaq - core entity
|
||||
See [[file:./zikãti#taq-core-kernel][taq]] and [[file:./zikãti#disur-body][disur]].
|
||||
|
||||
- disurtaq (n., con.) :: core entity or body, main entity or body
|
||||
|
||||
*** gi - from
|
||||
- gi :: from
|
||||
|
||||
*** hiti - fire, light
|
||||
- hiti (n.) :: fire, light
|
||||
|
||||
*** hitimbi - hearth, coocked food
|
||||
See [[file:zikãti#hiti-fire-light][hiti]] and [[file:zikãti#mbi-meat-food][mbi]].
|
||||
|
||||
- hitimbi (n.) :: hearth, coocked food
|
||||
|
||||
*** hitimiz - tea
|
||||
See [[file:zikãti#hiti-fire-light][hiti]] and [[file:zikãti#miz-water-stream][miz]].
|
||||
|
||||
- hitimiz (n.) :: tea
|
||||
|
||||
*** keti - mountain
|
||||
- kãti (n., con.) :: mountain
|
||||
- kãtisõr :: a mountain
|
||||
- pikãti (n.) :: a hill
|
||||
- qakãti (n.) :: summit
|
||||
|
||||
*** lik - person, human
|
||||
- lik (n., con.) :: person, human
|
||||
- ailik (n.) :: house
|
||||
- iailik (n.) :: village
|
||||
- ilik (n.) :: family, group of people
|
||||
- ziiailik (n.) :: villager
|
||||
- ziilik (n.) :: family member, member of a group
|
||||
|
||||
*** lud - breath, life
|
||||
- lud (n., con.) :: breath, life
|
||||
|
||||
*** ludmiz - blood
|
||||
See [[file:zikãti#lud-breath-life][lud]] and [[file:zikãti#miz-water-stream][miz]].
|
||||
|
||||
- ludmiz (n.) :: blood
|
||||
|
||||
*** mbi - meat, food
|
||||
- mbi (n.) :: meat, food
|
||||
- mbisõr (n.) :: a meal
|
||||
- mbihẽ (vi.) :: to cook, to prepare food
|
||||
- mbihẽ (INTR) :: to cook, to prepare food
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
qumbihẽqa
|
||||
- qu-mbi-hẽ-qa
|
||||
- PROG-meat.food-INTR-1s
|
||||
I’m preparing food / I’m cooking
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
- mbirã (vt.) :: to cook (something)
|
||||
- mbirã (TR) :: to cook (something)
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
zimbi mbisõr qumbirãiqur
|
||||
- zi-mbi mbi-sõr qu-mbi-rã-i-qur
|
||||
- PERS-meat.food meat.food-NOMIN PROG-meat.food-TR-3s.NOM-4s.ACC
|
||||
The cook is cooking the meal
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
- mbirãzãr (vt.) :: to be cooked by
|
||||
- mbirãzãr (TR) :: to be cooked by
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
mbisõr zimbi qumbirãzãrbulih
|
||||
- mbi-sõr zi-mbi qu-mbi-rã-zãr-bu-lih
|
||||
@ -274,19 +365,110 @@ followed by the object’s clitic.
|
||||
- rambi (n.) :: a kitchen
|
||||
- zirambi (n.) :: a chef
|
||||
- humbi (n.) :: a knife
|
||||
- humbihẽ (vi.) :: to stick a knife in something
|
||||
- humbirã (vt.) :: to cut
|
||||
- humbihẽ (INTR) :: to stick a knife in something
|
||||
- humbirã (TR) :: to cut
|
||||
- zihumbi (n.) :: a butcher
|
||||
- zihumbihẽ (vi.) :: to prepare meat
|
||||
- zihumbirã (vt.) :: to butcher
|
||||
- zihumbihẽ (INTR) :: to prepare meat
|
||||
- zihumbirã (TR) :: to butcher
|
||||
- humbirãsõr (n.) :: a cut
|
||||
- timbirã (vt.) :: to feed someone
|
||||
- timbihẽ (vi.) :: to feed oneself
|
||||
- timbirã (TR) :: to feed someone
|
||||
This verb can take up to three arguments
|
||||
- The agent, the thing or being doing the feeding
|
||||
- The patient, the thing or being being fed something
|
||||
- The oblique, the thing or being used as food
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
timbirãraqqurlih
|
||||
- ti-mbi-rã-raq-qur-lih
|
||||
- CAUS-meat.food-TR-1s.PST.NOM-1pl.PST.ACC-4s.PST.OBL
|
||||
You were feeding it to us
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
- timbihẽ (INTR) :: to feed oneself
|
||||
- qambi (n.) :: a meal, feast
|
||||
- pimbi (n.) :: a snack
|
||||
|
||||
*** keti - mountain
|
||||
- kãti (n., concept) :: mountain
|
||||
- kãtisõr :: a mountain
|
||||
- pikãti (n.) :: a hill
|
||||
- qakãti (n.) :: summit
|
||||
*** miz - water, stream
|
||||
- miz (n., con.) :: water, stream
|
||||
|
||||
*** sah - spirit, mind
|
||||
- sah (n., con.) :: spirit, mind
|
||||
- sahsõr (n.) :: being with a mind
|
||||
- sahsõrnzẽz (n.) :: being without a mind
|
||||
- sahzãr (PASS) :: to be though of, to be remembered
|
||||
- sahhẽ (INTR) :: to dream, to have one’s mind escape, to mentally wander
|
||||
- sahrã (TR) :: to think about, to remember, to be aware of
|
||||
|
||||
To explicitly say “to remember”, seakers can say “to think about
|
||||
something from memory”.
|
||||
- tisah (CAUS) :: to remind someone
|
||||
|
||||
The subject is the agent, the object is the patient, and the objique
|
||||
is the thing brought to the patient’s mind by the agent
|
||||
- qisah (adj) :: mindful, attentive
|
||||
- qisahsõr (n.) :: mindfulness, attention
|
||||
- sahdãt (adj) :: though of, known, present in the mind
|
||||
- zisah (n.) :: philosopher, guru, scientist
|
||||
- rasah (n.) :: temple, school
|
||||
- husah (n.) :: deep though, important dialog, important speech (made
|
||||
to make people think deeply)
|
||||
- qusah (n.) :: thinking back, research
|
||||
- qusahsõr (n.) :: memory, knowledge
|
||||
- hisah (n.) :: idea, thought
|
||||
- rusah (n.) :: memory loss, memory lapse
|
||||
#+html: ::: tip Example
|
||||
timbiaulihrãqãsõr rusahqalihrã
|
||||
- ti-mbi-au-lih-rã-qã-sõr ru-sah-qu-lih-rã
|
||||
- CAUS-meat.food-3pl.PST.NOM-3s.PST.ACC-TR-SUBJ-NOMIN NEG-spirit.mind-1s.NPST.NOM-3s.NPST.ACC-TR
|
||||
- the fact that they were fed it / I do not think it
|
||||
I do not think they were fed it
|
||||
#+html: :::
|
||||
- pisah (n.) :: light, small, shallow idea or though
|
||||
- qusah (n.) :: concept
|
||||
- kasah (n.) :: ability to think
|
||||
- kasahdãt sahsõr :: sentient being (on a higher level than just
|
||||
*sahsõr*, beings with a mind)
|
||||
- sahŋãs (n.) :: philosopher, intellectual
|
||||
- asah (n.) :: inner, in our own mind, in our own being
|
||||
- sahkõt (n.) :: opinion
|
||||
- isah (n.) :: agreement
|
||||
- isahkõt (n.) :: belief
|
||||
- sahnzẽz (n.) :: mental illness or mental handicap
|
||||
|
||||
The Zikãti people categorize things, both living and inanimate, into
|
||||
three categories:
|
||||
- sahsõrnzẽz :: things without a mind, which regroup objects but also
|
||||
a lot of living things that are not animals. Some exceptions do
|
||||
exist, such as some trees (generaly notably old trees) and water are
|
||||
ranked in the following category
|
||||
- sahsõr :: things with a mind but not able to think. This regroups
|
||||
most animals, but also sometimes humans when the speaker wants to
|
||||
dehumanize them
|
||||
- kasahdãt sahsõr :: beings able to think, regrouping mostly humans,
|
||||
but also higher or spiritual beings, such as ghosts, gods, or highly
|
||||
sacred objects or plants (the latter are generally trees that are
|
||||
extremely important in religious settings).
|
||||
|
||||
While they might not consider plants to have a mind, the Zikãti people
|
||||
believes all things are a conduit for the energy of the world, with
|
||||
some elements being able to move, flourish, and perish while some
|
||||
other things have the gift of being inanimate. These are simply
|
||||
considered as properties given by this universal energy flowing
|
||||
through all things and all beings.
|
||||
|
||||
Animate things are considered to be alive, and therefore have a mind
|
||||
and emotions, even possibly a will. However, they are not able of
|
||||
thought and are therefore limited in terms of intelligence and they
|
||||
cannot be reasoned with.
|
||||
|
||||
Beings with a mind capable of thought are beings able to have complex
|
||||
thoughts and actions, such as humans.
|
||||
|
||||
*** sahlud - life
|
||||
See [[file:./zikãti#sah-spirit-mind][sah]] and [[file:zikãti.md#lud-breath-life-concept][lud]].
|
||||
|
||||
*** taq - core, kernel
|
||||
- taq (n., con.) :: core, kernel
|
||||
|
||||
*** taqdisur - heart
|
||||
See [[file:./zikãti#taq-core-kernel][taq]] and [[file:./zikãti#disur-body][disur]].
|
||||
|
||||
- taqdisur (n.) :: heart
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user