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* GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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:END:
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 [[http://fsf.org/][Free Software Foundation, Inc.]]
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
document, but changing it is not allowed.
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everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach
them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of
warranty; and each file should have at least the /copyright/ line and a pointer
to where the full notice is found.
#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#+END_EXAMPLE
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
this when it starts in an interactive mode:
#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
#+END_EXAMPLE
The hypothetical commands =show w= and =show c= should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands might be
different; for a GUI interface, you would use an /about box/.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if
any, to sign a /copyright disclaimer/ for the program, if necessary. For more
information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
[[http://www.gnu.org/licenses/]].
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider
it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If
this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead
of this License. But first, please read
[[http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html]].

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[[file:https://cdn.rawgit.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs/442d025779da2f62fc86c2082703697714db6514/assets/spacemacs-badge.svg]]
* Features Tree
** Presentation
*Features Tree* is a small utility for linguists and especially conlangers
that allows them to declare trees with any number of children per node. I
especially made it with the option in mind to make feature contrastive trees
as presentented by Joseph Windsor in his talk during the /Language Creation
Conference 8/, with examples below.
[[./img/nyqy-vowel-feature-tree.png]]
[[./img/nyqy-basic-syntax.png]]
** Usage
*** TL;DR
In your *NIX terminal, clone the project, edit the example trees or create a
new one, and execute this:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
cd features-tree
chicken-csc features-tree.scm # Compile the .scm file
./features-tree | dot -Tpng -o output.png # for PNG output
./features-tree | dot -Tsvg -o output.svg # for SVG output
#+END_SRC
*** More details
For now, the workflow is not the best, as you have to edit yourself the
source code and re-compile it each time you edit your own tree.
You will have to declare a Scheme list containing your tree, and your
typical node should be declared like so:
#+BEGIN_SRC scheme
("text" (child1) (child2) ...)
#+END_SRC
Each child is itself a tree that should follow the same type of declaration,
with as many child as you like per node –I discourage you to have more than
nine children though, otherwise it might break the output. If a node does
not have any child, it should be declared like so:
#+BEGIN_SRC scheme
("text")
#+END_SRC
As an example, here is the tree that was used to declare the first example
image:
#+BEGIN_SRC scheme
(define vowels
'("[vowel]"
("[back]"
("[tense]"
("[high]" ("ü"))
("{high}" ("ö")))
("{tense}"
("[high]" ("u"))
("{high}" ("o"))))
("{back}"
("[tense]"
("[high]" ("y"))
("{high}" ("ë")))
("{tense}"
("[high]" ("i"))
("{high}" ("e"))))))
#+END_SRC
And here is the source code of the second example image:
#+BEGIN_SRC scheme
(define syntax-tree '("S"
("Obl")
("S'"
("NPerg"
("NP"))
("VP"
("NPdat"
("NP"))
("VP'"
("NPabs"
("NP"
("S")
("NP'"
("Adj")
("N"))))
("V'"
("Mood")
("Tense")
("V")
("Neg")))))))
#+END_SRC
Once you’ve declared the tree you want to get, modify the last line of the
source code =(tree-to-dot ...)= by replacing the default argument with the
name of your tree. For the first example, we would call =(tree-to-dot
vowels)=, while for the second we would call =(tree-to-dot syntax-tree)=.
*Only one =(tree-to-dot)= call can be done at once, else what follows might
break!*
Once you’ve done that, compile your file! I personally use [[https://call-cc.org/][Chicken]] as my
Scheme compiler, but if you already have another, you can use your own. Just
replace my calls to =chicken-csc= by your own compiler’s command. Also, be
aware that I use =chicken-csc= as the command for che Chicken compiler, but
if you also use Chicken, you might have to call =csc= instead (this might
mean you have an older version than the one I use).
Now that you’ve compiled your file, you will have to execute it. If your
edits were alright, you should have some text output that looks like this,
except that it will be way more compact.
#+BEGIN_SRC dot
graph{
node[shape=plaintext];
graph[bgcolor="transparent"];
0[label="[vowel]"];
1[label="[back]"];
0 -- 1;
11[label="[tense]"];
1 -- 11;
111[label="[high]"];
11 -- 111;
1111[label="ü"];
111 -- 1111;
112[label="{high}"];
11 -- 112;
1121[label="ö"];
112 -- 1121;
12[label="{tense}"];
1 -- 12;
121[label="[high]"];
12 -- 121;
1211[label="u"];
121 -- 1211;
122[label="{high}"];
12 -- 122;
1221[label="o"];
122 -- 1221;
2[label="{back}"];
0 -- 2;
21[label="[tense]"];
2 -- 21;
211[label="[high]"];
21 -- 211;
2111[label="y"];
211 -- 2111;
212[label="{high}"];
21 -- 212;
2121[label="ë"];
212 -- 2121;
22[label="{tense}"];
2 -- 22;
221[label="[high]"];
22 -- 221;
2211[label="i"];
221 -- 2211;
222[label="{high}"];
22 -- 222;
2221[label="e"];
222 -- 2221;
}
#+END_SRC
If you get some errors, then you fucked up somewhere in your tree, probably
missing some parenthesis or you forgot to add the ='= before the first
parenthesis after the name of your tree. Go back to your source file and fix
that. Also, it might be easier to edit the file if you have a decent text
editor, I’d recommend using something along the lines of VS Code, Atom or
Brackets, or even Emacs if you are not afraid by steep –but extremely
rewarding– learning curves.
Now, you need to have [[https://graphviz.org/][Graphviz]]’s dot tool installed to generate images. In
your terminal, either redirect the output of your newly compiled program
like so:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
./features-tree | dot -Tpng -o output.png
#+END_SRC
Or simply copy and paste the output in a separate file, then only run the
dot part of the above command. You’ve got an ~output.png~ file containing
your tree now!
*** My elements are not aligned/centered, what do?
IDK, I’ve tried to look up the answer, but there was no trivial way to do
it. If you found one, please tell me in a new issue, or even better, submit
a PR!
*** How can I do that on Windows?
IDK. Get a UNIX terminal (like the Linux subsystem, Putty(?) or Cygwin) and
apply what has been said before, maybe. If you have a better explanation,
you are more than welcome to either send it with a new issue or a pull
request.
* License
Check out the [[file:LICENSE.org]]. TL;DR: a GPLv3 licence gives you the right to
access, modify, and redistribute the source file at the condition it stays
under the GPLv3 license, and if you somehow fuck up big time because of it
(HOW?), you are responsible.