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Tmux

Introduction

Tmux is one of the widest known terminal multiplexers along with screen. I find it useful when I don’t want to bother with panes in my kitty terminal.

Be aware this configuration is mostly keybinds.

Setting sane configurations

By default, Tmux does not support all the colours your terminal may support, so we need to tell it to set true colours..

set-option -sa terminal-overrides ",xterm*:Tc"

We can also tell it to enable mouse support. That way, we will be able to click on Tmux elements and scroll in its panes!

set -g mouse on

Finally, I’ll set vi-mode for some sane movements.

set-window-option -g mode-keys vi

Windows and panes configuration

Although I agree in computer science most things should begin with zero, I find it quite weird to see my first window and my first pane to be labeled with it rather than one. So, let’s pull a Lua on Tmux and force it to begin with 1 instead of 0.

set -g base-index 1
set -g pane-base-index 1
set-window-option -g pane-base-index 1
set-option -g renumber-windows on

Plugins!

Using TPM, we can use plugins in Tmux! The way I installed it is very simple:

mkdir -p ~/.config/tmux/
git clone https://github.com/tmux-plugins/tpm.git ~/.config/tmux/tpm

Here’s a list of the plugins that I use.

Plugin Why
tpm TPM itself
tmux-sensible Better defaults I can’t be bothered to change myself
tmux-yank Better copy/pasting
tmux-prefix-highlight Tell me which prefix I’m using
nordtheme/tmux Nord theme for Tmux! 
(mapconcat (lambda (plugin)
             (format "set -g @plugin '%s'"
                     (if (string-match-p (quote "/") plugin)
                         plugin
                       (concat "tmux-plugins/" plugin))))
           plugins
           "\n")

Let’s run TPM right after that.

run '~/.config/tmux/tpm/tpm'

Keybindings

First of all, I don’t like prefixing all of my keybindings with C-b, that’s what I use in insert-mode in Emacs to make the cursor go back. So instead, let’s set meta with space as my prefix.

unbind C-b
set -g prefix M-Space
bind M-Space send-prefix

Now, I will only add few keybindings on the root prefix that actually do something immediately, I will mostly add keybindings that will lead to other prefixes; I prefer by far to have keychords that are a bit lengthy and mnemonic than some obscure “ C-M-& is for doing this and that”.

Keybinding Command Prefix to go to
« select-window -p
» select-window -n
p pane
y copy-mode 
<<gen-keybinds()>>

Panes

As you will see not only here but also lower, I am not using the usual hjkl to navigate around since I am using the bépo layout. I use instead the ctsr keys.

Below are the keybindings living in the pane prefix. Note that calls to split-window have a -c "#{pane_current_path}" argument so new panes open in the same directory as the directory I am currently in.

Keybinding Command Prefix to go to
/ split-window -h -c "#{pane-current_path}"
- split-window -v -c "#{pane-current_path}"
c select-panel -L
t select-panel -D
s select-panel -U
r select-panel -R
. pane-resize 
<<gen-keybinds(keybinds=pane-prefix, prefix="pane")>>

When it comes to resizing the panes, the keybindings are in their own prefix referenced above: pane-resize. All keybindings will lead to the same prefix again, which enables the user to type for instance M-Space w . r r r r r in order to call repetitively resize-pane -R 5. Hitting any key that is not part of the current prefix will get us out of it.

Keybinding Command Prefix to go to
c resize-pane -L 5 pane-resize
t resize-pane -D 5 pane-resize
s resize-pane -U 5 pane-resize
r resize-pane -R 5 pane-resize
C resize-pane -L pane-resize
T resize-pane -D pane-resize
S resize-pane -U pane-resize
R resize-pane -R pane-resize 
<<gen-keybinds(keybinds=pane-resize-prefix, prefix="pane-resize")>>

Copy in vi mode

Tmux has a nice mode for vim keybindings users: copy-mode-vi which allows to move the cursor around in the pane, select some stuff, and copy it. But first, I need to unbind some keys:

unbind -T copy-mode-vi H
unbind -T copy-mode-vi J
unbind -T copy-mode-vi K
unbind -T copy-mode-vi L
unbind -T copy-mode-vi h
unbind -T copy-mode-vi j
unbind -T copy-mode-vi k
unbind -T copy-mode-vi l
Keybinding Command
v send-keys -X begin-selection
C-v send-keys -X rectangle-toggle
y send-keys -X copy-selection-and-cancel
C send-keys -X top-line
J send-keys -X jump-to-backward
S send-keys -X scroll-up
R send-keys -X bottom-line
T send-keys -X scroll-down
c send-keys -X cursor-left
t send-keys -X cursor-down
s send-keys -X cursor-up
r send-keys -X cursor-right 
<<gen-keybinds(keybinds=copy-mode-vi-prefix, prefix="copy-mode-vi")>>