dotfiles/org/config/spacemacs.org

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* Table of Contents                                        :TOC:noexport:
  :PROPERTIES:
  :CUSTOM_ID: Table_of_Contents-baac29af
  :END:
- [[#introduction][Introduction]]
- [[#spacemacs-layers-and-packages][Spacemacs layers and packages]]
  - [[#general-configuration][General configuration]]
  - [[#package-management][Package management]]
  - [[#layers][Layers]]
    - [[#checkers][Checkers]]
    - [[#completion][Completion]]
    - [[#email][Email]]
    - [[#emacs][Emacs]]
    - [[#file-trees][File trees]]
    - [[#fonts][Fonts]]
    - [[#fun][Fun]]
    - [[#internationalization][Internationalization]]
    - [[#programming-languages][Programming languages]]
      - [[#domain-specific-dsls][Domain-specific (DSLs)]]
      - [[#frameworks][Frameworks]]
      - [[#general-purpose][General-purpose]]
    - [[#readers][Readers]]
      - [[#epub-and-pdf-readers][Epub and Pdf readers]]
      - [[#elfeed][Elfeed]]
    - [[#version-control][Version control]]
    - [[#themes][Themes]]
    - [[#tools][Tools]]
    - [[#web-services][Web Services]]
    - [[#custom-layers][Custom layers]]
- [[#init][Init]]
  - [[#emacs-with-pdumper][Emacs with pdumper]]
  - [[#package-managment-and-updates][Package managment and updates]]
    - [[#elpa-repository][Elpa repository]]
    - [[#spacelpa-repository][Spacelpa repository]]
  - [[#editing-style][Editing style]]
  - [[#spacemacs-home-configuration][Spacemacs home configuration]]
  - [[#default-major-modes][Default major modes]]
  - [[#visual-configuration][Visual configuration]]
    - [[#themes-1][Themes]]
    - [[#other-on-screen-elements][Other on-screen elements]]
    - [[#appearance-of-emacs-frames][Appearance of Emacs frames]]
  - [[#spacemacs-leader-keys-and-shortcuts][Spacemacs leader keys and shortcuts]]
  - [[#layouts][Layouts]]
  - [[#files-related-settings][Files-related settings]]
  - [[#emacs-server][Emacs server]]
  - [[#miscellaneous][Miscellaneous]]
- [[#user-initialization][User Initialization]]
- [[#user-configuration][User Configuration]]
  - [[#asm-configuration][ASM configuration]]
  - [[#cc][C/C++]]
  - [[#custom-functions][Custom functions]]
    - [[#phundrakfill-paragraph][~phundrak/fill-paragraph~]]
    - [[#terminal-here-default-terminal-command][~terminal-here-default-terminal-command~]]
  - [[#dart-configuration][Dart configuration]]
  - [[#dired][Dired]]
  - [[#emacs-lisp][Emacs Lisp]]
    - [[#enable-eldoc-mode-by-default][Enable ~eldoc-mode~ by default]]
    - [[#phundrakwrite-to-buffer][~phundrak/write-to-buffer~]]
  - [[#eshell][Eshell]]
    - [[#environment-variables][Environment variables]]
    - [[#custom-functions-1][Custom functions]]
      - [[#redirect-text-editors-to-emacs][Redirect text editors to Emacs]]
    - [[#aliases][Aliases]]
      - [[#system-monitoring][System monitoring]]
      - [[#system-management-packages-and-services][System management (packages and services)]]
      - [[#other][Other]]
      - [[#typos][Typos]]
    - [[#visual-commands][Visual commands]]
    - [[#eshell-theme][Eshell theme]]
  - [[#file-extensions][File extensions]]
  - [[#lsp][LSP]]
  - [[#mu4e][Mu4e]]
  - [[#miscellaneous-1][Miscellaneous]]
    - [[#evil][Evil]]
    - [[#default-modes][Default modes]]
    - [[#hooks][Hooks]]
    - [[#pinentry][Pinentry]]
    - [[#prettified-symbols][Prettified symbols]]
    - [[#twittering-mode][Twittering mode]]
    - [[#wttrin-cities][Wttr.in cities]]
  - [[#nov-mode][Nov-mode]]
  - [[#python][Python]]
  - [[#org-mode][Org-mode]]
    - [[#custom-org-mode-functions][Custom org-mode functions]]
      - [[#custom-and-unique-headings-id][Custom and unique headings ID]]
    - [[#org-babel-languages][Org babel languages]]
    - [[#org-variables][Org variables]]
      - [[#user-information][User information]]
      - [[#visual-settings][Visual settings]]
      - [[#org-behavior][Org behavior]]
      - [[#miscellaneous-2][Miscellaneous]]
    - [[#org-files-exports][Org files exports]]
    - [[#custom-latex-formats][Custom LaTeX formats]]
    - [[#org-agenda][Org agenda]]
    - [[#org-capture][Org capture]]
      - [[#emails][Emails]]
      - [[#journal][Journal]]
      - [[#notes][Notes]]
      - [[#protocol][Protocol]]
      - [[#resources][Resources]]
      - [[#tasks][Tasks]]
        - [[#computers-and-stuff][Computers and stuff]]
        - [[#health][Health]]
        - [[#birthdays][Birthdays]]
      - [[#youtube][YouTube]]
    - [[#org-projects][Org projects]]
      - [[#configuration-website][Configuration website]]
      - [[#linguistics-website][Linguistics website]]
  - [[#rust][Rust]]
  - [[#scheme][Scheme]]
  - [[#shortcuts][Shortcuts]]
    - [[#applications][Applications]]
    - [[#comments][Comments]]
    - [[#files][Files]]
    - [[#multiple-cursors][Multiple cursors]]
    - [[#org-mode-1][Org-mode]]
    - [[#toggle][Toggle]]
    - [[#text][Text]]
  - [[#yadm][Yadm]]
- [[#footnotes][Footnotes]]

* Introduction
  :PROPERTIES:
  :CUSTOM_ID: Introduction-f1cbb8bb
  :END:
  This file  is the main source  file for my Emacs  configuration which contains
  most of the user code. It is  exported thanks to Emacs’ code tangling from the
  original Org file  which you can find on my  dotfiles’ repository[fn:1] if you
  are  reading   the  web   version  of   it.  You  can   also  find   there  my
 ~.spacemacs~[fn:2] and its  code which isn’t part of the  present file. As you
  can  see in  my ~.spacemacs~,  at init-time,  if  Emacs  detects the  tangled
  configuration  files are  older than  the Org  file, then  Emacs tangles  them
  again, and then loads them.

* Spacemacs layers and packages
  :PROPERTIES:
  :header-args:emacs-lisp: :comments link :tangle ~/.config/emacs/private/spacemacs-layers.el :exports code :results silent
  :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-6d318b87
  :END:
  Here  will be  our layer  configuration  set. Everything  here is  set with  a
 ~setq-default~ in the ~dotspacemacs/layers~ function like so:
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
    (defun dotspacemacs/layers ()
      (setq-default
       ;; configuration goes here
       ))
  #+END_SRC

** General configuration
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-General_configuration-66b4311e
   :END:
   First, we need  to tell Spacemacs which base distribution  we are using. This
   is a  layer contained  in the directory ~+distribution~. For  now, available
   distributions are ~spacemacs-base~ and ~spacemacs~ (the default one).
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-distribution 'spacemacs)
   #+END_SRC

   We can  seet a lazy  installation of layers  —i.e. layers are  installed only
   when a file with a supported type is opened. Possible values are:
   - ~all~ ::  will lazy install any  layer that support lazy  installation even
              the layers listed in ~dotspacemacs-configuration-layers~
   - ~unused~ :: will lazy install only unused layers (i.e. layers not listed in
                 the variable ~dotspacemacs-configuration-layers~)
   - ~nil~ :: disables the lazy installation  feature and you have to explicitly
              list a  layer in the  variable ~dotspacemacs-configuration-layers~
              to install it.
   The default value is ~unused~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-lazy-installation 'unused)
   #+END_SRC

   If the  following variable  is non-nil, Spacemacs  will ask  for confirmation
   before installing a layer lazily. The default value is ~t~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-ask-for-lazy-installation t)
   #+END_SRC

** Package management
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Package_management-0add1a62
   :END:
   It is possible to  indicate to Spacemacs a list of  additional paths where to
   look  for  configuration layers.  Paths  must  have  a trailing  slash,  i.e.
 =~/.mycontribs/=. As you can see, I added none:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layer-path '())
   #+END_SRC

   However, I  do have additional packages  I installed either from  the Elpa or
   the Melpa.  These are  set in ~dotspacemacs-additional-packages~, a  list of
   additional packages that will be installed  without being wrapped in a layer.
   If you need  some configuration for these packages, then  consider creating a
   layer. You can also puth  the configuration in ~dotspacemacs/user-config~. To
   use a local version of a package, use the ~:location~ property, for instance:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
     '(your-package :location "~/path/to/your-package/")
   #+END_SRC

   With  the  variable ~dotspacemacs-additional-packages~, it  is  possible  to
   install  extra  packages  which  are  not already  included  in  any  layers.
   Dependencies  should  be  explicitly  included  as  they  won’t  be  resolved
   automatically. Here is a table of all the extra packages I use:
   #+NAME: extra-packages
   | name of the package | why is it installed                                  |
   |---------------------+------------------------------------------------------|
   | caddyfile-mode      | Major mode for editing Caddyfiles                    |
   | dired-du            | alternative to ~ncdu~ with Dired                     |
   | doom-themes         | some cool themes                                     |
   | edit-indirect       | edit region in separate buffer                       |
   | elcord              | rich integration of Emacs in Discord                 |
   | kaolin-themes       | some cool themes                                     |
   | lsp-dart            | apparently, it isn’t included in the Dart layer      |
   | magit-gitflow       | integrate gitflow in Magit                           |
   | multiple-cursors    | I don’t like the layer, I prefer this package alone  |
   | org-sidebar         | display on the side the outline of an Org buffer     |
   | outorg              | edit comments as Org-mode buffers                    |
   | pinentry            | enter a GPG password from Emacs                      |
   | visual-fill-column  | allow the use of ~fill-column~ in ~visual-line-mode~ |
   | wttrin              | weather in Emacs                                     |
   | yasnippet-snippets  | snippets for YaSnippet                               |

   #+NAME: make-extra-packages
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no :var packages=extra-packages[,0] :exports none
     (mapcar 'make-symbol packages)
   #+END_SRC

   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes :exports none
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-additional-packages (quote <<make-extra-packages()>>))
   #+END_SRC

   It is possible to also list packages that cannot be updated:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-frozen-packages '())
   #+END_SRC

   And to list packages which won’t be installed nor loaded:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-excluded-packages '(company-tern))
   #+END_SRC

   Finally, it is possible to define  the behaviour of Spacemacs when installing
   packages. Possible values are:
   - ~used-only~  :: installs  only  explicitly used  packages  and deletes  any
                    unused packages as well as their unused dependencies
   - ~used-but-keep-unused~ :: installs only the  used packages but won’t delete
        unused ones
   - ~all~  ::  installs *all*  packages   supported  by  Spacemacs  and  never
              uninstalls them.
   The default value is ~used-only~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-install-packages 'used-only)
   #+END_SRC

** Layers
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-36e1c90c
   :END:
   All layers are set one variable: ~dotspacemacs-configuration-layers~. This
   variable is a list of layers, some of them will have some custom variables.
   Typically, the variable will be set like so:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers
                   '(emacs-lisp
                     helm
                     multiple-cursors
                     org
                     (shell :variables shell-default-height
                            30 shell-default-position 'bottom)
                     treemacs))
   #+END_SRC

# Don’t delete this code block, it wraps the layers
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :exports none
(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers '(
#+END_SRC

*** Checkers
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Checkers-aefeae26
    :END:
    The  two  first   checkers  I  use  are  for  spell   and  syntax  checking.
 ~spell-checking~ is disabled  by default, however it  should auto-detect the
    dictionary to use.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spell-checking :variables
                      spell-checking-enable-by-default nil
                      spell-checking-enable-auto-dictionary t)
      syntax-checking
    #+END_SRC

*** Completion
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Completion-883e2b83
    :END:
 ~auto-completion~ is a layer enabled  in order to provide auto-completion to
    all  supported language  layers. It  is set  so that  the =RET=  key has  no
    behavior with  this layer, however  the =TAB= key cycles  between candidates
    displayed by the auto-completion toolbox.  I also want the autocompletion to
    include snippets  in the popup,  and the content of  the popup is  sorted by
    usage. It is also disabled for two modes: magit and Org.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (auto-completion :variables
                    auto-completion-complete-with-key-sequence-delay 0.2
                    auto-completion-enable-help-tooltip 'manual
                    auto-completion-enable-sort-by-usage t
                    :disabled-for
                    org
                    git)
    #+END_SRC

 ~helm~ is also enabled, with its header disabled.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (helm :variables helm-no-header t)
    #+END_SRC

*** Email
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Email-67c16308
    :END:
    I use  as my daily Email  client ~mu4e~, so  let’s enable it and  tell Emacs
    where mu4e  is installed. I also  tell mu4e to use  maildirs extensions, use
    async operations, where to keep attachments, and enable the mu4e modeline.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (mu4e :variables
            mu4e-installation-path "/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp"
            mu4e-use-maildirs-extension t
            mu4e-enable-mode-line t
            mu4e-attachment-dir "~/Documents")
    #+END_SRC

*** Emacs
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Emacs-8e976e5c
    :END:
    The first layer  enabled in this category is ~better-defaults~.  I also made
    it so  that when  a command  equivalent to ~C-a~ or ~C-e~ is  pressed, the
    cursor will  respectively first move to  the beginning of code  first before
    going past the  indentation and to the  end of the code before  going to the
    end of the line before going over the end of the comments on the same line.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (better-defaults :variables
                       better-defaults-move-to-beginning-of-code-first t
                       better-defaults-move-to-end-of-code-first t)
    #+END_SRC

    I also enabled ~ibuffer~ and made it so that buffers are sorted by projects.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (ibuffer :variables
               ibuffer-group-buffers-by 'projects)
    #+END_SRC

    Most important  of all, the ~org~  layer is also enabled.  I enabled support
    for Epub  exports, Github,  Reveal.JS exports,  and sticky  headers. Project
    support is  also enabled  through files  named ~TODOs.org~.  I also  set the
    org-download folder for images in =~/Pictures/org/=, and I set the =RET= key
    to follow org links if the cursor is on one.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (org :variables
            org-enable-epub-support t
            org-enable-github-support t
            org-enable-hugo-support t
            org-enable-reveal-js-support t
            org-enable-sticky-header t
            spaceline-org-clock-p t
            org-projectile-file "TODOs.org"
            org-download-image-dir "~/Pictures/org/"
            org-return-follows-link t)
    #+END_SRC

    The ~semantic~ layer is also enabled.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      semantic
    #+END_SRC

*** File trees
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-File_trees-5b6ed3e4
    :END:
    In this category, I only enabled one layer: ~treemacs~. In this layer, I set
    is  so that  treemacs syncs  with my  current buffer,  and it  automatically
    refreshes its buffer when  there is a change in the part  of the file system
    shown by treemacs.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (treemacs :variables
                treemacs-use-follow-mode t
                treemacs-use-filewatch-mode t)
    #+END_SRC

*** Fonts
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Fonts-11de8977
    :END:
    In this category,  again, one layer is enabled: ~unicode-fonts~. This layer
    addssupport for the ~unicode-fonts~ package.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    unicode-fonts
    #+END_SRC

*** Fun
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Fun-0728c04c
    :END:
    In this category, I only enabled two layers: ~selectric~ and ~xkcd~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    selectric xkcd
    #+END_SRC

*** Internationalization
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Internationalization-69601ff8
    :END:
    In  this  category,   I  enabled  the ~keyboard-layout~   layer  to  enable
    compatibility with  the bépo  layout. This layer,  however, is  disabled for
    magit, Dired and eww.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (keyboard-layout :variables
                       kl-layout 'bepo
                       kl-disabled-configurations '(magit dired eww))
    #+END_SRC

*** Programming languages
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Programming_languages-4c318b81
    :END:
**** Domain-specific (DSLs)
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Programming_languages-Domain-specific_(DSLs)-2c919937
     :END:
     In this  category, I enabled  support for  the R programming  language (the
 ~ess~ layer), the ~major-modes~ layer for the Arch Linux PKGBUILDs support,
     the ~prolog~, ~emacs-lisp~ and ~scheme~  layers, support for the CSV format
     with the ~csv~ layer, the ~yaml~ language, shell scripting  languages and
     support for the ~dot~ tool with the ~graphviz~ layer.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       ess major-modes prolog emacs-lisp scheme graphviz yaml shell-scripts
     #+END_SRC

     I also added support  for HTML and CSS with the ~html~  layer, with the web
     formatting  tool set  to ~web-beautify~,  and the  LSP layer  compatibility
     enabled for CSS, less, SCSS and HTML.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (html :variables
            web-fmt-tool 'web-beautify
            css-enable-lsp t
            less-enable-lsp t
            scss-enable-lsp t
            html-enable-lsp t)
     #+END_SRC

     The ~json~   layer  is  also  enabled,   with  the  format  tool   set  to
 ~web-beautify~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (json :variables
            json-fmt-tool 'web-beautify)
     #+END_SRC

     The LaTeX  layer has also  been enabled, with  its default compiler  set to
     XeLaTeX. I also enabled the auto-fill feature, the folding capacity and the
     “magic” symbols.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (latex :variables
             latex-build-command "xelatex"
             latex-enable-auto-fill t
             latex-enable-folding t
             latex-enable-magic t)
     #+END_SRC

     The Markdown  layer has been  enabled, with  support for live  preview with
 ~vmd~, and and  automatic MMM-mode generation for C, C++,  Python, Rust and
     Emacs Lisp.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (markdown :variables
                markdown-live-preview-engine 'vmd
                markdown-mmm-auto-modes '("c"
                                          "c++"
                                          "python"
                                          "rust"
                                          ("elisp" "emacs-lisp")))
     #+END_SRC

     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (bibtex :variables
               org-ref-default-bibliography '("~/Documents/Papers/references.bib")
               org-ref-pdf-directory "~/Documents/Papers"
               org-ref-bibliography-notes "~/Documents/Papers/notes.org")
     #+END_SRC

     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       csv
     #+END_SRC

**** Frameworks
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Programming_languages-Frameworks-f7c21585
     :END:
     Only one  framework support  has been  enabled so  far, and  is is  for the
     Django framework.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       django
     #+END_SRC

**** General-purpose
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Programming_languages-General-purpose-1ed71a5b
     :END:
     Among  the  layers   I  activated,  the  only  one   without  any  specific
     configuration is the ~asm~ layer for the Assembly language.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       asm
     #+END_SRC

     Next, you can find the C/C++ layer for which I set the default language for
 ~.h~ files  to be  C. I also  enabled support for  the C++11  standard, the
     Google coding  style for C++,  support for subprojects and  organization of
     the include directives on  a file save. I also set  a couple of LSP-related
     variables, such  as the LSP executable  for C/C++ for its  CCLS backend and
     some highlight variables.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (c-c++ :variables
              c-c++-default-mode-for-headers 'c-mode
              c-c++-adopt-subprojects t
              c-c++-enable-google-style t
              c-c++-enable-c++11 t
              c-c++-backend 'lsp-clangd
              c-c++-lsp-sem-highlight-method 'overlay
              c-c++-lsp-sem-highlight-rainbow t
              c++-enable-organize-includes-on-save t)
     #+END_SRC

     Dart has  also been  enabled, with  a custom path  to the  SDK of  the Dart
     server, and to the LSP server of Dart.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (dart :variables
             lsp-dart-project-sdk-dir "/opt/dart-sdk/"
             lsp-dart-sdk-dir "/opt/dart-sdk/")
     #+END_SRC

     When it comes  to the Python layer,  I set its backend and  formatter to be
     bound to  the LSP layer.  Its fill columnn was  also set to  80 characters,
     imports are sorted on  save, and the tests can be  run using either nose.el
     or pytest.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (python :variables
               python-backend 'lsp
               python-sort-imports-on-save t
               python-fill-column 80
               python-test-runner '(pytest nose)
               python-formatter 'lsp)
     #+END_SRC

     With the Rust layer, the only custom configuration set is the backend being
     bound to the LSP layer.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (rust :variables rust-backend 'lsp)
     #+END_SRC

     As regards the  JavaScript layer, I set  its backend to the  LSP layer, and
     bound its  format tool to ~web-beautify~  and its REPL is  browser-based. I
     also want to  include ~node_modules/.bin~ to be automatically  added to the
     buffer local ~exec_path~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (javascript :variables
                   javascript-backend 'lsp
                   javascript-fmt-tool 'web-beautify
                   javascript-repl 'skewer
                   node-add-modules-path t)
     #+END_SRC

     Alternatively, I also  use Typescript which is a sort  of better Javascript
     as it should have been, with the LSP backend.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (typescript :variables
                   typescript-backend 'lsp)
     #+END_SRC

     I am also currently using the Awesome window manager which requires the Lua
     programming language, so here it is.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (lua :variables
            lua-backend 'lsp-emmy
            lua-lsp-emmy-jar-path "~/.config/awesome/EmmyLua-LS-all.jar"
            lua-lsp-emmy-java-path "java"
            lua-lsp-emmy-enable-file-watchers t)
     #+END_SRC

*** Readers
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Readers-65e8e4ae
    :END:
**** Epub and Pdf readers
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Readers-Epub_and_Pdf_readers-0ef6688f
     :END:
     In this category, only the ~epub~  and ~pdf~ layers are enabled without any
     special configuration, so I can read these files from Emacs directly.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     epub pdf
     #+END_SRC

**** Elfeed
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Readers-Elfeed-78877179
     :END:
     Elfeed is an  Emacs feeed and RSS  reader which can be  managed through org
     files. Actually,  through only one file  in my case, located  in my =~/org=
     directory.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (elfeed :variables
               rmh-elfeed-org-files '("~/org/elfeed.org"))
     #+END_SRC

*** Version control
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Version_control-bc8e286a
    :END:
    Only the ~git~ layer is enabled in this category.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    git
    #+END_SRC

*** Themes
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Themes-d88d1225
    :END:
    Here, the ~colors~  layer is the only one enabled.  It activates support for
    identifiers colorization, and strings representing colors.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      colors
    #+END_SRC

*** Tools
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Tools-e57e405e
    :END:
    In this category, the first layer to be enabled is the CMake layer for which
    I enabled support for the ~cmake-ide~ package.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (cmake :variables
             cmake-enable-cmake-ide-support t)
    #+END_SRC

    Next, we have the Docker, Nginx,  Pass (the standard Unix password manager),
    Prettier, Systemd,  Meson, Imenu-list,  Web-beautify, Dap, Helpful,  and LSP
    layers enabled.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      dap docker helpful imenu-list lsp meson nginx pass prettier systemd
      web-beautify
    #+END_SRC

    We  also have  the RestClient  layer  enabled for  which I  enabled the  Org
    compatibility support.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (restclient :variables
                  restclient-use-org t)
    #+END_SRC

    And finally, we also have the Shell  layer for which I specified its default
    height when spawning  at the bottom of  the screen should be  40 lines high,
    and the default shell to invoke is Eshell.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (shell :variables
             shell-default-height 40
             shell-default-position 'bottom
             shell-default-shell 'eshell)
    #+END_SRC

*** Web Services
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Web_Services-c2888251
    :END:
    In this category, I have only enabled a layer for Twitter support.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    twitter
    #+END_SRC

*** Custom layers
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Spacemacs_layers_and_packages-Layers-Custom_layers-69473533
    :END:
    Lastly, three custom  layers have been enabled:  a w3m layer, and  two of my
    custom layers for Dired and for conlanging tools.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    conlanging dired-phundrak w3m
    #+END_SRC

# Don’t delete this code block, it wraps the layers
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :exports none
))
#+END_SRC

* Init
  :PROPERTIES:
  :header-args:emacs-lisp: :comments link :tangle ~/.config/emacs/private/spacemacs-init.el :exports code :results silent
  :CUSTOM_ID: Init-99a4b561
  :END:
  The ~dotspacemacs/init~ function is the one called at the very begining of the
  Spacemacs  startup, before  any  kind of  configuration,  including the  layer
  configuration. Only  the values of  the Spacemacs settings should  be modified
  here. By  default, every  values are  set in a ~setq-default~ sexp,  and they
  represent all the supported Spacemacs settings. Hence, the function looks like
  this:
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
    (defun dotspacemacs/init ()
      (setq-default
       ;; default Spacemacs configuration here
       ))
  #+END_SRC

** Emacs with pdumper
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Emacs_with_pdumper-f24ab30b
   :END:
   It is possible to compile Emacs 27  from source with support for the portable
   dumper, as  shown in Spacemacs’ =EXPERIMENTAL.org= file.  I do not  use this
   feature  yet,  as  I  am  still  on  Emacs  26  provided  from  Arch  Linux’s
   repositories, so  I’ll disable  the Spacemacs support  for this  feature. The
   default value of this variable is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-emacs-pdumper nil)
   #+END_SRC

   In case the support for pdumper was enabled, Spacemacs needs to know the name
   of the Emacs executable which supports such a feature. The executable must be
   in the user’s =PATH=. By default, the value of the variable is ="emacs"=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-pdumper-executable-file "emacs")
   #+END_SRC

   And finally, we can name the Spacemacs  dump file. This is the file that will
   be created  by the portable dumper  in the cache directory  under the =dumps=
   sub-directory. To  load it when  starting Emacs, the  parameter =--dump-file=
   should be  added when invoking Emacs  27.1 executable from the  command line,
   for instance:
   #+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no :exports code
     ./emacs --dump-file=~/.config/emacs/.cache/dumps/spacemacs.pdmp
   #+END_SRC
   The default value of this variable is ="spacemacs.pdmp"=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-dumper-dump-file "spacemacs.pdmp")
   #+END_SRC

** Package managment and updates
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Package_managment_and_updates-79363da3
   :END:
   Spacemacs’ core  configuration can be  updated via git commands  using Github
   services. If Spacemacs  is not set to  the =develop= branch, it  can check by
   itself if any update is available. However, I am using said branch, therefore
   I should set this variable to =nil=. The default value is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-check-for-update nil)
   #+END_SRC

   When  it comes  to package  management, Spacemacs  is able  to store  them in
   different directories  depending on  the version  of Emacs  used or  based on
   other variables. I  personally prefer to use the  value =emacs-version= since
   it makes  it easier to upgrade  or downgrade Emacs without  any conflict with
   the already installed packages. The default value is =emacs-version=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-subdirectory 'emacs-version)
   #+END_SRC

   Spacemacs has  a capacity of performing  rollbacks after updates. We  can set
   the maximum number of rollback slots to  keep in the cache. The default value
   is =5=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-max-rollback-slots 5)
   #+END_SRC

*** Elpa repository
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Package_managment_and_updates-Elpa_repository-c07fb1c4
    :END:
    It is possible to  ask Emacs to use an HTTPS  connection when contacting the
    Elpa whenever possible. This value should be  set to =nil= when the user has
    no  way  to  contact  the  Elpa  though  HTTPS,  otherwise  it  is  strongly
    recommended to  let it set  to =t=. This variable  however has no  effect if
    Emacs is launched with the parameter =--insecure= which forces the value of
    this variable to =nil=. The default value is =t=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-https t)
    #+END_SRC

    We can  set a  maximum amount  of seconds which  will represent  the maximum
    allowed time to contact the Elpa repository. By default, this setting is set
    on =5=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-timeout 5)
    #+END_SRC

*** Spacelpa repository
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Package_managment_and_updates-Spacelpa_repository-a431b288
    :END:
    The Spacelpa  repository is a  Spacemacs-specific package repository.  It is
    possible to use  it as the primary  source to install a locked  version of a
    package. If the below value is set to =nil=, then Spacemacs will install the
    latest version of packages  from MELPA. I personally don’t use  it, so I let
    it set to =nil=. The default value is =nil=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (setq-default dotspacemacs-use-spacelpa nil)
    #+END_SRC

    If  the below  value is  not =nil=,  then the  signature for  the downloaded
    Spacelpa packages must be verified.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-verify-spacelpa-archives t)
    #+END_SRC

** Editing style
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Editing_style-56d58a4b
   :END:
   By  default, Spacemacs  encourages the  use  of evil-mode,  which brings  vim
   keybinding in Emacs. Still, it has three different styles available:
   - =vim=, which goes full evil-mode usage and most adapted to Emacs newcomers,
     especially if they were  used to vim before, with the use  of a normal mode
     and an insert mode.
   - =emacs=  which keeps  an Emacs-like  feel to  the keybindings,  without any
     difference between an insert or normal mode.
   - =hybrid= is a modification of the =vim= mode which brings the =emacs= style
     in insert mode, but otherwise behaves  like the =vim= style in normal mode.
     This is the style I personally use.
   The  value can  also be  a  list with  the =:variables=  keyword (similar  to
   layers). Check the editing styles section of the documentation for details on
   available variables. The default value is =vim=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-editing-style '(hybrid :variables
                                                       hybrid-mode-enable-evilified-state t
                                                       hybrid-mode-default-state 'normal))
   #+END_SRC

** Spacemacs home configuration
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Spacemacs_home_configuration-8375cdcc
   :END:
   The value below specifies the startup  banner of Spacemacs. The default value
   is =official=, it  displays the official Spacemacs logo. An  integer value is
   the  index of  text banner, =random=  chooses a  random text  banner in  the
 =core/banners= directory.  A string value must  be a path to  an image format
   supported  by your  Emacs build.  If  the value  is  nil, then  no banner  is
   displayed. The default value is =official=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-banner 'official)
   #+END_SRC

   On the Spacemacs homepage, a list of elements can also be shown, be it recent
   files, projects, agenda items,… Each of the elements making up the list value
   of the below variable are pairs in the form =(list-type . list-size)=. If the
   value is =nil=, then it is disabled. The possible values for =list-type= are:
   - =recents= :: displays recently opened files
   - =bookmarks= :: displays saved bookmarks
   - =projects= :: displays projectile projects recently opened
   - =agenda= :: displays upcoming events from Org-mode agendas
   - =todos= :: displays recent TODOs detected in projectile projects
   The order in which they are set in  the below list affects their order on the
   Spacemacs   startup  page.   List  sikes   may  be =nil=,  in   which  case
 =spacemacs-buffer-startup-lists-length= takes effect.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-lists '((recents . 15)
                                                (projects . 15)
                                                (agenda . 10)))
   #+END_SRC

   The below variable  allows the startup page to respond  to resize events. Its
   default value is =t=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-buffer-responsive t)
   #+END_SRC

** Default major modes
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Default_major_modes-37f4a891
   :END:
   The below variable sets a default major mode for a new empty buffer. Possible
   values are mode names such as =text-mode=, or =nil= to use Fundamental mode.
   The default value is =text-mode=, but I prefer to use =org-mode= by default.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-new-empty-buffer-major-mode 'org-mode)
   #+END_SRC

   Similarly, the below  variable sets the default mode for  the scratch buffer.
   Its default  value is =text-mode=, but I  also set it  to use =org-mode= by
   default.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-scratch-mode 'org-mode)
   #+END_SRC
   By the way, it  is possible to set a default message  for the scratch buffer,
   such as “Welcome to Spacemacs!”. I prefer to keep it clean. The default value
   is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-initial-scratch-message nil)
   #+END_SRC

** Visual configuration
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Visual_configuration-c4116cc1
   :END:
*** Themes
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Visual_configuration-Themes-315992bb
    :END:
    Spacemacs makes  it quite easy  to use themes  and organize them.  The below
    value is a  list of themes, the  first of the list is  loaded when Spacemacs
    starts. The user can press =SPC T n= to cycle to the next theme in the list.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-themes '(doom-vibrant doom-nord spacemacs-dark doom-one
                                                       doom-opera doom-dracula doom-molokai doom-peacock
                                                       doom-sourcerer doom-spacegrey kaolin-dark
                                                       kaolin-aurora kaolin-bubblegum kaolin-galaxy
                                                       kaolin-mono-dark kaolin-temple kaolin-valley-dark))
    #+END_SRC

    Emacs also makes use  of themes for the Spaceline at  the bottom of buffers.
    Supported themes are:
    - =spacemacs=
    - =all-the-icons=
    - =custom=
    - =doom= (the one I use)
    - =vim-powerline=
    - =vanilla=
    The first  three are Spaceline  themes. =doom= is the  Doom-Emacs mode-line,
    and =vanilla=  is the default  Emacs mode-line. =custom= is a  user defined
    theme, refer to Spacemacs’ =DOCUMENTATION.org= file  for more info on how to
    create  your  own Spaceline  theme.  Value  can be  a  symbol  or list  with
    additional  properties. The  default value  is ='(spacemacs  :separator wave
    :separator-scale 1.5))=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-mode-line-theme '(doom
                                                   :separator wave
                                                   :separator-scale 1.0))
    #+END_SRC

    It is also possible to color the cursor depending on which mode Spacemacs is
    in, in order to mach the state color in GUI Emacs. The default value is =t=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-colorize-cursor-according-to-state t)
    #+END_SRC

    The below  variable sets either  the default font  or a prioritized  list of
    fonts to be used by Emacs.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-default-font '("Fantasque Sans Mono"
                                                :size 10.0))
    #+END_SRC

    I also added the following code in order to define a fallback font for
    emojis, defined only on their unicode range:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (set-fontset-font "fontset-default" '(#x1f600 . #x1f64f) "NotoEmoji Nerd Font")
    #+END_SRC

*** Other on-screen elements
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Visual_configuration-Other_on-screen_elements-7d334e09
    :END:
 =which-key= is  a helper which  displays available keyboard  shortcuts. This
    variable sets in seconds the time  Spacemacs should wait between a key press
    and the moment =which-key= should be shown.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-which-key-delay 3)
    #+END_SRC

    This variable sets =which-key='s frame position. Possible values are:
    - =right=
    - =bottom=
    - =right-then-bottom=
 =right-then-bottom= tries to display the frame to the right, but if there is
    insufficient  space it  displays  it at  the bottom.  The  default value  is
 =bottom=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-which-key-position 'bottom)
    #+END_SRC

    This controls where =switch-to-buffer= displays  the buffer. If the value is
 =nil=, =switch-to-buffer= displays the buffer  in the current window even if
    another  same-purpose window  is available.  If non-nil, ~switch-to-buffer~
    displays  the buffer  in a  same-purpose window  even if  the buffer  can be
    displayed in the current window. The default value is =nil=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-switch-to-buffer-prefers-purpose nil)
    #+END_SRC

    If this variable  is non-nil, a progress bar is  displayed when Spacemacs is
    loading. This may  increase the boot time on some  systems and emacs builds,
    set it to =nil= to boost the loading time. The default value is =t=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-loading-progress-bar t)
    #+END_SRC

    If the value is non-nil, Emacs will  show the title of the transient states.
    The default value is ~t~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-show-transient-state-title t)
    #+END_SRC

    If non-nil,  this will show the  color guide hint for  transient state keys.
    The default value is ~t~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-show-transient-state-color-guide t)
    #+END_SRC

    If non-nil, unicode symbols are displayed in the mode line. If you use Emacs
    as a daemon and want unicode characters  only in GUI set the value to quoted
 ~display-graphic-p~. The default value is ~t~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-mode-line-unicode-symbols t)
    #+END_SRC

    If non-nil, smooth scrolling (native-scrolling) is enabled. Smooth scrolling
    overrides  the default  behavior  of  Emacs which  recenters  point when  it
    reaches the top or bottom of the screen. The default value is ~t~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-smooth-scrolling t)
    #+END_SRC

    The following  value controls  the line  number activation.  If set  to ~t~,
 ~relative~ or ~visual~ then line numbers  are enabled in all ~prog-mode~ and
 ~text-mode~ derivatives. If set to ~relative~, line numbers are relative. If
    set to ~visual~,  line numbers are also relative, but  only visual lines are
    counted. For example, folded lines will not be counted and wrapped lines are
    counted as multiple lines. This variable can  also be set to a property list
    for finer control:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
      '(:relative nil
        :visual nil
        :disabled-for-modes dired-mode
                            doc-view-mode
                            markdown-mode
                            org-mode
                            pdf-view-mode
                            text-mode
        :size-limit-kb 1000)
    #+END_SRC
    When used in a plist, ~visual~ takes precendence over ~relative~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-line-numbers '(:relative nil
                                                :enabled-for-modes prog-mode))
    #+END_SRC

    Select a scope to highlight delimiter. Possible values are:
    - ~any~
    - ~current~
    - ~all~
    - ~nil~
    The default  value is ~all~ (highlights  any scope and emphasis  the current
    one).
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-highlight-delimiters 'all)
    #+END_SRC

    After  a certain  amount of  time in  seconds, Spacemacs  can zone-out.  The
    default value is ~nil~. I set it so Spacemacs zones out after 15 minutes.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-zone-out-when-idle 900)
    #+END_SRC

    Run ~spacemacs/prettify-org-buffer~ when visiting  the ~README.org~ files of
    Spacemacs. The default value is ~nil~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-pretty-docs nil)
    #+END_SRC

*** Appearance of Emacs frames
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Visual_configuration-Appearance_of_Emacs_frames-59700bb7
    :END:
    Starting from Emacs 24.4, it is  possible to make the Emacs frame fullscreen
    when Emacs starts up if the variable  is set to a non-nil value. The default
    value is =nil=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-fullscreen-at-startup nil)
    #+END_SRC

    This  variable is  to  be used  if  the user  does not  want  to use  native
    fullscreen  with ~spacemacs/toggle-fullscreen~.  This disables  for instance
    the fullscreen animation under OSX. The default value is =nil=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-fullscreen-use-non-native nil)
    #+END_SRC

    If you do not start Emacs in fullscreen  at startup, you might want it to be
    maximized by  default. If  the value  for the  variable below  is set  to be
    non-nil,   the  frame   will   be   maximized.  This   can   only  work   if
 ~dotspacemacs-fullscreen-at-startup~  is  set  to ~nil~,  and  it  is  only
    available from Emacs 24.4 onwards. The default value is ~nil~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (setq-default dotspacemacs-maximized-at-startup nil)
    #+END_SRC

    If non-nil, the frame is undecorated when Emacs starts up. Combine this with
    the variable ~dotspacemacs-maximized-at-startup~ in OSX to obtain borderless
    fullscreen. The default value is ~nil~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-undecorated-at-startup nil)
    #+END_SRC

    You  can  also set  a  transparency  level for  Emacs  when  you toggle  the
    transparency  of the  frame  with ~toggle-transparency~.  The  value of  the
    transparency,  going from  0 to  100  in increasing  opacity, describes  the
    transparency level  of a  frame when  it’s active  or selected.  The default
    value is ~90~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-active-transparency 95)
    #+END_SRC

    Similarly, you  can set a  value from 0 to  100 in increasing  opacity which
    describes  the  transparency  level  of   a  frame  when  it’s  inactive  or
    deselected. The default value is ~90~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-inactive-transparency 80)
    #+END_SRC

    The variable below sets the format of frame title. You can use:
    - ~%a~ :: the ~abbreviated-file-name~ or ~buffer-name~
    - ~%t~ :: ~projectile-project-name~
    - ~%I~ :: ~invocation-name~
    - ~%S~ :: ~system-name~
    - ~%U~ :: contents of ~$USER~
    - ~%b~ :: buffer name
    - ~%f~ :: visited file name
    - ~%F~ :: frame name
    - ~%s~ :: process status
    - ~%p~ :: percent of buffer above top of window, or Top, Bot, or All
    - ~%P~ ::  percent of buffer  above bottom of  window, perhaps plus  Top, or
              Bot, or All
    - ~%m~ :: mode name
    - ~%n~ :: Narrow if appropriate
    - ~%z~ :: mnemonics of buffer, terminal, and keyboard coding systems
    - ~%Z~ :: like ~%z~, but including the end-of-line format
    The default value is ~"%I@%S"~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-frame-title-format "%b (%m)")
    #+END_SRC

    Format specification for setting the icon title format. The default value is
 ~nil~, same as ~frame-title-format~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq-default dotspacemacs-icon-title-format nil)
    #+END_SRC

** Spacemacs leader keys and shortcuts
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Spacemacs_leader_keys_and_shortcuts-ebf21abe
   :END:
   The below  setting sets  the Spacemacs  leader key. By  default, this  is the
 =SPC= key.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-leader-key "SPC")
   #+END_SRC

   Once the leader  key has been pressed,  it is possible to set  another key in
   order to call Emacs’ command =M-x=. By default, it is again the =SPC= key.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-command-key "SPC")
   #+END_SRC

   It is also possible to invoke Vim Ex commands with the press of a key, and by
   default it is the =:= key.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-ex-command-key ":")
   #+END_SRC

   The  below variable  sets  the  leader key  accessible  in =emacs-state=  and
 =insert-state=:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-leader-key "M-m")
   #+END_SRC

   The  major mode  leader key  is a  shortcut key  which is  the equivalent  of
   pressing =<leader> m=.  Set it to =nil=  to disable it. Its  default value is
 =,=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-major-mode-leader-key ",")
   #+END_SRC

   In =emacs-state=  and =insert-state=, the same  major mode leader key  can be
   accessible from another shortcut, which by default is =C-M-m=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-major-mode-emacs-leader-key "C-M-m")
   #+END_SRC

   These variables control whether separate commands are bound in the GUI to the
   key pairs =C-i= and =TAB=, and =C-m= and =RET=. Setting it to a non-nil value
   allows for separate  commands under =C-i= and =TAB=, and =C-m= and =RET=. In
   the terminal, these pairs are generally indistinguishable, so this only works
   in the GUI. The default value is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-distinguish-gui-tab nil)
   #+END_SRC

** Layouts
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Layouts-61c0374d
   :END:
   The variable belows sets the name of the default layout. Its default value is
 ="Default"=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-default-layout-name "Default")
   #+END_SRC

   If  non-nil, the  default  layout name  is displayed  in  the mode-line.  The
   default value is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-display-default-layout nil)
   #+END_SRC

   If non-nil, then the last auto saved layouts are resumed automatically upon
   start. The default value is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-resume-layouts nil)
   #+END_SRC

   If non-nil, the layout name will be auto-generated when creating new layouts.
   It only has an effect when using  the “jump to layout by number” command. The
   default value is =nil=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-generate-layout-names nil)
   #+END_SRC

** Files-related settings
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Files-related_settings-67fba383
   :END:
   The below value sets the size in MB above which Spacemacs will prompt to open
   the  file literally  in order  to avoid  preformance issues.  Opening a  file
   literally means that no  major or minor mode is active.  The default value is
 =1=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-large-file-size 5)
   #+END_SRC

   This variable  sets the  location where to  auto-save files.  Possible values
   are:
   - =original= :: auto-saves files in-place
   - =cache= :: auto-saves files in another file stored in the cache directory
   - =nil= :: disables auto-saving.
   The default value is =cache=.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-save-file-location 'original)
   #+END_SRC

** Emacs server
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Emacs_server-d3947c28
   :END:
   Emacs can be  launched as a server  if the following value is  set to non-nil
   and if one isn’t already running. The default value is ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-server nil)
   #+END_SRC

   You can  also set  a custom  emacs server  socket location.  If the  value is
 ~nil~, Emacs  will use whatever the  Emacs default is, otherwise  a directory
   path    like ="~/.config/emacs/server"=.    It   has    no    effect    if
 ~dotspacemacs-enable-server~ is ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-server-socket-dir nil)
   #+END_SRC

   It is  also possible  to tell Emacs  that the quit  function should  keep the
   server open when quitting. The default value is ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-persistent-server t)
   #+END_SRC

** Miscellaneous
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: Init-Miscellaneous-6b4f0b76
   :END:
   This value changes the folding method of code blocks. The possible values are
   either ~evil~, the default value, or ~origami~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-folding-method 'evil)
   #+END_SRC

   If non-nil, ~smartparens-strict-mode~ will be enabled  in programming modes.
   The default value is ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-smartparens-strict-mode nil)
   #+END_SRC

   If non-nil,  pressing the closing parenthesis ~)~ key in insert  mode passes
   over any automatically  added closing parenthesis, bracket,  quote, etc… This
   can temporarily disabled  by pressing ~C-q~ before ~)~. The  default value is
 ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-smart-closing-parenthesis nil)
   #+END_SRC

   List of search tool executable names. Spacemacs uses the first installed tool
   of the list. Supported tools are:
   - ~rg~
   - ~ag~
   - ~pt~
   - ~ack~
   - ~grep~
   The default value is ~'("rg" "ag" "pt" "ack" "grep")~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-search-tools '("rg" "ag" "pt" "ack" "grep"))
   #+END_SRC

   Delete whitespace while saving buffer. Possible values are:
   - ~all~ :: aggresively delete empty lines and long sequences of whitespace
   - ~trailing~ :: only detele the whitespace at end of lines
   - ~changed~ :: to delete only whitespace for changed lines
   - ~nil~ :: disable cleanup
   The default value is ~nil~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq-default dotspacemacs-whitespace-cleanup nil)
   #+END_SRC

* User Initialization
  :PROPERTIES:
  :header-args:emacs-lisp: :comments link :tangle ~/.config/emacs/private/user-init.el :exports code :results silent
  :CUSTOM_ID: User_Initialization-e0d21089
  :END:
  While  Emacs and  especially Spacemacs  loads, I  want it  to initialize  some
  elements and load  some packages. First of  all, I want it to  load my private
  Emacs config file:
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (load "~/.config/emacs/private/private_emacs")
  #+END_SRC

  Let’s also load  the file defining ~odf-mode~, a mode  for viewing the content
  of ODF files  generated by OpenOffice and LibreOffice (if  you use one, please
  use the latter).
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (load "~/.config/emacs/private/odf-mode")
  #+END_SRC

  Then, I want a couple of requires:
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (require 'org-id)
    (require 'org-protocol)
    (require 'package)
    (require 'ox-latex)
    (require 'ox-publish)
    (require 'tramp)
  #+END_SRC

  I would also like to enable the setup of flycheck for Rust when Flycheck is
  loaded:
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (add-hook 'flycheck-mode-hook #'flycheck-rust-setup)
  #+END_SRC

  By default, Flyspell should be disabled and only enabled manually.
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (flyspell-mode 0)
  #+END_SRC

  Finally, here is a quick workaround for Tramp, sometimes it cannot connect to
  my hosts if I don’t have this code snippet.
  #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (setq tramp-ssh-controlmaster-options
          "-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath='tramp.%%C' -o ControlPersist=no")
  #+END_SRC

* User Configuration
  :PROPERTIES:
  :header-args:emacs-lisp: :comments link :tangle ~/.config/emacs/private/user-config.el :exports code :results silent
  :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-4a937fe5
  :END:
** ASM configuration
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-ASM_configuration-f6dc7674
   :END:
   The first thing I  will set with my ASM configuration  is where the reference
   PDF is located.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq x86-lookup-pdf "~/Documents/code/asm/Intelx86/325383-sdm-vol-2abcd.pdf")
   #+END_SRC
   I will also modify what the comment character is, from a ~;~ to a ~#~:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq asm-comment-char ?\#)
   #+END_SRC

** C/C++
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-C-C++-76c3f997
   :END:
   As the C/C++ syntax is checked by  flycheck, let’s make sure we are using the
   latest standard available, that is C++17 and C17, from Clang.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (add-hook 'c-mode-hook
               (lambda ()
                 (setq flycheck-clang-language-standard "c17")))
     (add-hook 'c++-mode-hook
               (lambda ()
                 (setq flycheck-clang-language-standard "c++17")))
   #+END_SRC

** Custom functions
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Custom_functions-ceb4bc42
   :END:
   In this section,  I will put my  various custom functions that do  not fit in
   other sections and  which are more oriented towards  general usage throughout
   Emacs and in Elisp code.

   Almost all of my code snippets will be prefixed by either my name or the name
   of  the package  or layer  they  are part  of,  unless they  are an  explicit
   overwrite of a function that already exists.

*** ~phundrak/fill-paragraph~
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Custom_functions-~phundrak-fill-paragraph~-ab4ef600
    :END:
    This function was created in order  to bind to another keyboard shortcut the
    already existing ~C-u M-q~ which I  cannot type with evil-mode unless I’m in
    insert mode.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (defun phundrak/fill-paragraph ()
      (interactive)
      (let* ((current-prefix-arg 4))
        (call-interactively 'fill-paragraph)))
    #+END_SRC

*** ~terminal-here-default-terminal-command~
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Custom_functions-~terminal-here-default-terminal-command~-1916a912
    :END:
    This function is  actually an overwrite of the default  one which apparently
    does   not   work   on   my    machine.   This   function   is   called   by
 ~terminal-here-launch~  and  spawns an  external  terminal  emulator in  the
    directory emacs was in when the terminal  was invoked. I simply point out to
    this function the name of my terminal emulator. Here is the code:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun terminal-here-default-terminal-command (_dir)
        '("st"))
    #+END_SRC

** Dart configuration
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Dart_configuration-ecf24ebf
   :END:
   For  Dart, I  mainly  declared  some custom  shortcuts  bound to ~dart-mode~
   related to flutter, so nothing too exciting here. Some prefix are declared in
   order to avoid the shortcuts in helm to show up as just ~custom~.
   #+begin_src emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "o" "user-defined")
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "of" "flutter")
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "ofr" "flutter-run")
   #+end_src

   Now, for the shortcuts themselves:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/set-leader-keys-for-major-mode 'dart-mode
       "ofH" 'flutter-hot-restart
       "ofh" 'flutter-hot-reload
       "ofq" 'flutter-quit
       "ofr" (lambda () (interactive) (flutter-run "-v"))
       "ofs" 'flutter-screenshot)
   #+END_SRC

** Dired
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Dired-ef8a7cac
   :END:
   When it  comes to dired, I  chose do modify  some elements on how  things are
   sorted and shown, but there isn’t much configuration. First, I want to always
   copy folders in a recursive way, no questions asked.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq dired-recursive-copies 'always)
   #+END_SRC

   Also, when  I have two  Dired buffers opened side  by side, I  generally want
   them to interact, for  example if I want to move  something around. So, let’s
   tell Emacs that:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq dired-dwim-target t)
   #+END_SRC

   Finally,  let’s  tell  Dired  how  to sort  the  elements  to  be  displayed:
   directories first, non-hidden first.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq dired-listing-switches "-ahl --group-directories-first")
   #+END_SRC

   By the way, let’s enable ~org-download~ when we are in a Dired buffer:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'org-download-enable)
   #+END_SRC

** Emacs Lisp
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Emacs_Lisp-59230f3c
   :END:
   Here  will  be  stored  my  configuration directly  related  to  Emacs  Lisp,
   including some functions or default modes.

*** Enable ~eldoc-mode~ by default
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Emacs_Lisp-Enable_~eldoc-mode~_by_default-f131abde
    :END:
    By default, if some Elisp code is opened, I want to enable ~eldoc-mode~ so I
    can easily get some documentation on the symbols in the source code. This is
    done via the use of hooks.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'eldoc-mode)
    #+END_SRC

*** ~phundrak/write-to-buffer~
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Emacs_Lisp-~phundrak-write-to-buffer~-2f192dd3
    :END:
    I was  very surprised when  I discovered no  such function exists  in Elisp.
    This  function basically  writes  a  string into  a  buffer, and  optionally
    switches the user to the buffer. Here is the code for that function:
    #+BEGIN_SRC elisp :results silent
      (defun write-to-buffer (input-string outputbuf &optional switchbuf)
        "Writes `input-string' to the specified `output-buffer'. If
      `switch-buffer' is non-nil, the active buffer will switch to the
      output buffer; otherwise, it will take the user back to their
      initial buffer. Works with `input-string' as a string or a list
      of strings."
        (let ((oldbuf (current-buffer)))
          (switch-to-buffer outputbuf)
          (cond ((char-or-string-p input-string) (insert input-string))
                ((listp input-string) (dolist (elem input-string)
                                        (insert (format "%s\n" elem)))))
          (if switchbuf
              (switch-to-buffer oldbuf))))
    #+END_SRC

** Eshell
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-3012e67e
   :END:
   Eshell is a built-in  shell available from Emacs which I  use almost as often
   as Fish. Some adjustments are necessary for making this shell usable for me.

*** Environment variables
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Environment_variables-8dac73e0
    :END:
    Some environment variables need to be  correctly set so Eshell can correctly
    work. The first  environment variable to be  set is the ~PATH~, as  I have a
    couple of directories  where executables are located. Let’s add  them to our
    path.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setenv "PATH"
              (concat
               (getenv "HOME") "/.pub-cache/bin"
               ":" (getenv "HOME") "/.local/bin"
               ":" (getenv "HOME") "/go/bin"
               ":" (getenv "HOME") "/.cargo/bin"
               ":" (getenv "HOME") "/.gem/ruby/2.6.0/bin"
               ":" (getenv "PATH")))
    #+END_SRC

    I  would  also  like  to  set two  environment  variables  related  to  Dart
    development: the ~DART_SDK~ and ~ANDROID_HOME~ variables.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setenv "DART_SDK" "/opt/dart-sdk/bin")
      (setenv "ANDROID_HOME" (concat (getenv "HOME") "/Android/Sdk/"))
    #+END_SRC

    Finally, I’d like to add a custom directory to the ~PKG_CONFIG_PATH~:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setenv "PKG_CONFIG_PATH" (concat
                                 "/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/" ":"
                                 (getenv "PKG_CONFIG_PATH")))
    #+END_SRC

    The ~EDITOR~ variable also needs to  be set for git commands, especially the
 ~yadm~ commands.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setenv "EDITOR" "emacsclient -c")
    #+END_SRC

*** Custom functions
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Custom_functions-79d98245
    :END:
    When I’m  in Eshell,  sometimes I  wish to  open multiple  files at  once in
    Emacs. For this, when I have several arguments for ~find-file~, I want to be
    able to open them all at once. Let’s modify ~find-file~ like so:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defadvice find-file (around find-files activate)
        "Also find all files within a list of files. This even works recursively."
        (if (listp filename)
            (loop for f in filename do (find-file f wildcards))
          ad-do-it))
    #+END_SRC

    I also want to be able to  have multiple instances of Eshell opened at once.
    For that, I declared the function ~eshell-new~ that does exactly that.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun eshell-new()
        "Open a new instance of eshell."
        (interactive)
        (eshell 'N))
    #+END_SRC

**** Redirect text editors to Emacs
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Custom_functions-Redirect_text_editors_to_Emacs-dff362c6
     :END:
     I still have  some muscle memory telling  me to open nano, ed,  or vim, and
     sometimes I even try to type ~emacs~  in the terminal, which is stupid with
     Eshell since I’m already inside Emacs.  So, for each of these text editors,
     let’s make the command open the files in Emacs.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/emacs (&rest files)
         "Open a file in a new buffer. Old habits die hard"
         (if (null files)
             (bury-buffer)
           (mapc #'find-file
                 (mapcar #'expand-file-name
                         (eshell-flatten-list (reverse files))))))
       (defalias 'eshell/vi 'eshell/emacs)
       (defalias 'eshell/vim 'eshell/emacs)
       (defalias 'eshell/ed 'eshell/emacs)
       (defalias 'eshell/nano 'eshell/emacs)
     #+END_SRC

*** Aliases
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Aliases-ef06615f
    :END:
    This  function  is a  function  that  will come  in  very  handy for  Eshell
    functions  that call  shell processes.  It concatenates  the initial  string
 ~command~ with all the arguments ~args~, each separated with a space.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun phundrak/concatenate-shell-command (command &rest args)
        (string-join (cons command args) " "))
    #+END_SRC

    Just like most shells, it is possible to declare in Eshell aliases. First, I
    would like to be able to use ~open~ to open files in Emacs:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defalias 'open 'find-file)
    #+END_SRC

    I also  have ~openo~  which allows  me to  perform the  same action,  but in
    another window:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defalias 'openo 'find-file-other-window)
    #+END_SRC

    The function ~yes-or-no-p~  is also aliased to ~y-or-n-p~ so  I only have to
    answer by ~y~ or ~n~ instead of typing ~yes~ or ~no~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defalias 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
    #+END_SRC

    For  some ease  of use,  I’ll  also declare ~list-buffers~ as  an alias  of
 ~ibuffer~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defalias 'list-buffers 'ibuffer)
    #+END_SRC

    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun eshell/mkdir (directory)
        (make-directory directory t))
    #+END_SRC

**** System monitoring
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Aliases-System_monitoring-ee01b070
     :END:
     Similar to ~meminfo~, we also have ~gpumeminfo~  so we can get a quick look
     at the memory-related logs of our X session.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/gpumeminfo (&rest args)
         (eshell/grep "-i" "--color" "memory" "/var/log/Xorg.0.log"))
       (defun eshell/diskspace ()
         (shell-command "sudo df -h | grep -E \"sd|lv|Size\" | sort"))
     #+END_SRC

     I also declared ~cpuinfo~ an alias of ~lscpu~ in  order to keep consistent
     with ~meminfo~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/meminfo ()
         (shell-command "free -m -l -t"))
     #+END_SRC

 ~pscpu~ gives  us information  on what  the CPU is  running right  now, and
     I also declared ~cpuinfo~ an alias of ~lscpu~ in  order to keep consistent
     with ~meminfo~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/cpuinfo ()
         (shell-command "lscpu"))
     #+END_SRC

 ~pscpu10~ limits that to the top 10 threads.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/pscpu ()
         (shell-command "ps auxf | sort -nr -k 3"))
       (defun eshell/pscpu10 ()
         (shell-command "ps auxf | sort -nr -k 3 | head -10"))
     #+END_SRC

     Similarly, ~psmem~ gives us information on  the memory usage of the current
     threads, and ~psmem10~ only  the ten  most important  threads in  terms of
     memory usage.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/pscpu ()
         (shell-command "ps auxf | sort -nr -k 4"))
       (defun eshell/pscpu10 ()
         (shell-command "ps auxf | sort -nr -k 4 | head -10"))
     #+END_SRC

**** System management (packages and services)
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Aliases-System_management_(packages_and_services)-afb6d9d3
     :END:
     The first command is ~remove~ which removes a package and its dependencies
     from the system.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/remove (&rest args)
         (phundrak/concatenate-shell-command "sudo pacman -Rscnd"
                                             args))
     #+END_SRC

     But if I just  want to run ~pacman~ as sudo, then I  could always just type
 ~p~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/p (&rest args)
         (phundrak/concatenate-shell-command "sudo pacman" args))
     #+END_SRC

     Sometimes,  I  just  want  to  purge my  package  manager’s  cache,  be  it
 ~pacman~'s or ~yay~'s. This is why I simply type ~purge~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/purge ()
         (shell-command "yay -Sc"))
     #+END_SRC

     #+RESULTS:
     : eshell/purge

**** Other
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Aliases-Other-bd88ca97
     :END:
 ~mkcd~ is a function that allows me to create a directory and ~cd~ into it
     at the same time.
     #+begin_src emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/mkcd (directory)
         (eshell/mkdir "-p" directory)
         (cd directory))
     #+end_src

     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/lsl (&rest args)
         (eshell/ls "-aHl" args))
     #+END_SRC

     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/ll (&rest args)
         (eshell/ls "-ahl" args))
     #+END_SRC

     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/la (&rest args)
         (eshell/ls "-A" args))
     #+END_SRC

**** Typos
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Aliases-Typos-c7bfe6eb
     :END:
 ~q~ is a shorthand for ~exit~. ~exti~ and ~exi~ are for typos when I type ~exit~.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/q (&rest args)
         (eshell/exit args))
       (defun eshell/exti (&rest args)
         (eshell/exit args))
       (defun eshell/exi (&rest args)
         (eshell/exit args))
     #+END_SRC

 ~clean~ is also a typo of ~clear~ I often make. Let’s fix this:
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eshell/clean (&rest args)
         (eshell/clear args))
     #+END_SRC

*** Visual commands
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Visual_commands-2b15e0dc
    :END:
    With Eshell,  some commands don’t  work very well, especially  commands that
    create a TUI. So, let’s declare them as visual commands or subcommands:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq eshell-visual-commands
            '("fish" "zsh" "bash" "tmux" "htop" "top" "vim" "bat" "nano")
            eshell-visual-subcommands
            '("git" "log" "l" "diff" "show"))
    #+END_SRC

*** Eshell theme
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Eshell-Eshell_theme-a06715a9
    :END:
    As with  most shells, again, it  is possible to customize  the appearance of
    the Eshell prompt.  First, we need to declare  a macro so we can  set a face
    with properties:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defmacro with-face (str &rest properties)
        `(propertize ,str 'face (list ,@properties)))
    #+END_SRC

    Now,  let’s  declare a  function  that  will  abbreviate the  current ~pwd~
    fish-shell style.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun eshell/abbr-pwd ()
        (let ((home (getenv "HOME"))
              (path (eshell/pwd)))
          (cond
           ((string-equal home path) "~")
           ((f-ancestor-of? home path) (concat "~/" (f-relative path home)))
           (path))))
    #+END_SRC

    Now, let’s declare our prompt:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (defun eshell/my-prompt ()
        (let ((header-bg "#161616"))
          (concat
           (with-face (eshell/abbr-pwd) :foreground "#008700")
           "\n"
           (if (= (user-uid) 0)
               (with-face "➜" :foreground "red")
             (with-face "➜" :foreground "#2345ba"))
           " ")))
    #+END_SRC

    Now, let’s declare our prompt regexp and our prompt functions:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq eshell-prompt-regexp "^[^#$\n]*[#$] "
            eshell-prompt-function 'eshell/my-prompt)
    #+END_SRC

** File extensions
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-File_extensions-f76fe752
   :END:
   Sometimes,  Emacs   doesn’t  recognize  or  misrecognizes   some  extensions,
   resulting in a  wrong mode set for  said file. Let’s fix  that by associating
   the extension with the desired mode:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (dolist (e '(("xml" . web-mode)
                  ("xinp" . web-mode)
                  ("aiml" . web-mode)
                  ("C" . c++-mode)
                  ("dconf" . conf-mode)
                  ("yy" . bison-mode)
                  ("ll" . flex-mode)
                  ("s" . asm-mode)
                  ("pl" . prolog-mode)
                  ("l" . scheme-mode)
                  ("vs" . glsl-mode)
                  ("fs" . glsl-mode)))
       (push (cons (concat "\\."
                           (car e)
                           "\\'") (cdr e))
             auto-mode-alist))
   #+END_SRC

   We also have a couple of  extensions which should all be in ~conf-unix-mode~,
   let’s indicate that to Emacs:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (dolist (e '("service" "timer" "target" "mount" "automount"
                  "slice" "socket" "path" "netdev" "network"
                  "link"))
       (push (cons (concat "\\." e "\\'") 'conf-unix-mode)
             auto-mode-alist))
   #+END_SRC

** LSP
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-LSP-4f8aa691
   :END:
   When it comes to the LSP layer,  there are some options which are not enabled
   by default that I want to use, especially some modes I want to take advantage
   of. This  is why I enable  first the ~lsp-treemacs-sync-mode~ so  treemacs is
   LSP aware:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (lsp-treemacs-sync-mode 1)
   #+END_SRC

   I also enable some layers related to ~dap~, the Debug Adapter Protocol, which
   works really nicely with LSP. Let’s enable Dap’s modes:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (dap-mode 1)
     (dap-ui-mode 1)
     (dap-tooltip-mode 1)
   #+END_SRC

   Finally, I also want the documentation tooltip  to show up when the cursor is
   above a documented piece of code or symbol. Let’s enable that too:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (tooltip-mode 1)
   #+END_SRC

** Mu4e
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Mu4e-f3df8e9e
   :END:
   Mu4e is a frontend  for mu, an email analyzer which sits on  top of a Maildir
   which gets updated  with the ~mbsync~ command  from ~isync~. It has  a lot of
   neat features, but I guess my favorite ones are:
   1. the search query feature
   2. being able to send an HTML email either to the browser or

   Due to mu sitting on top of a Maildir, I need to tell mu4e where said maildir
   is, and point it the trash, archive,  and sent folders as well as the refresh
   command and how frequently I want my emails to be refreshed.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mu4e-maildir "~/.mail"
           mu4e-trash-folder "/Trash"
           mu4e-refile-folder "/Archive"
           mu4e-sent-folder "/Sent"
           mu4e-drafts-folder "/Drafts"
           mu4e-get-mail-command "mbsync -a"
           mu4e-update-interval 60)
   #+END_SRC

   The following  also allows  me to  automatically include  my signature  in my
   Emails, to view images  in my Emacs buffers and to show me  the address of my
   contacts and not just their names.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mu4e-compose-signature-auto-include t
           mu4e-view-show-images t
           mu4e-view-prefer-html t
           mu4e-view-show-addresses t)
   #+END_SRC

   This source block  is an example of  the search queries in mu4e,  and part of
   the reason why I very much like mu4e: these bookmarks are actually defined by
   search queries, but act as if they were just yet another type of custom inbox
   you get  with modern Email  client (and often you  don’t even get  them). All
   these bookmarks can  be accessed through a shortcut on  the main mu4e buffer,
   prefixed by ~b~. So, for instance,  my unread messages are  accessed through
 ~bu~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mu4e-bookmarks
           `(("maildir:/Inbox" "Inbox" ?i)
             ("maildir:/Sent" "Sent messages" ?s)
             ("flag:unread AND NOT flag:trashed" "Unread messages" ?u)
             ("date:today..now" "Today's messages" ?t)
             ("date:7d..now" "Last 7 days" ?w)
             ("date:1m..now" "Last month" ?m)
             ("date:1y..now" "Last year" ?y)
             ("mime:image/*" "Messages with images" ?p)))
   #+END_SRC

   On new email arrival, Emacs can send  the system a notification which will be
   handled as any other notification received by the system and will display the
   number of unread emails to the user; in my case, notifications are handled by
   [[https://dunst-project.org/][dunst]] under i3, or AwesomeWM itself.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mu4e-enable-notifications t
           mu4e-alert-email-notification-types '(count))
     (with-eval-after-load 'mu4e-alert
       (mu4e-alert-set-default-style 'notifications))
     (add-hook 'mu4e-view-mode-hook 'visual-line-mode)
   #+END_SRC

   Now this  hook is  added so  I can  get a maximal  width for  the text  of my
   emails, I really don’t  like it when lines are kilometers  long. I would like
   instead to hook ~visual-line-mode~ and ~auto-fill-mode~, but for some reasons
   Emacs throws an error when I add them, So I go with ~visual-fill-column-mode~
   instead.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (add-hook 'mu4e-view-mode-hook 'visual-fill-column-mode)
   #+END_SRC

   On modern-day  computers, with  wide screens almost  everywhere, there  is no
   reason for the email buffer to open  below the email directory and not on its
   right,  which  is  why I  set  the  split  view  to be  vertical  instead  of
   horizontal.  I also  set the  width  the email  directory should  keep to  80
   characters  (and   I  could  go  to   120,  but  that’s  only   good  for  my
   ultra-widescreen), because 30 characters is way too f-ing low.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mu4e-split-view 'vertical
           mu4e-headers-visible-columns 140)
   #+END_SRC

   I want to add myself as a hidden recipient to all of my messages so I can get
   them in the  email thread in my inbox  and not just get a  thread of messages
   not sent by me –the thread could  kinda lack some context if the other people
   do not insert  my email in their answer. But  unfortunately, for some obscure
   reason, mu4e does not use the  following variable for its email templates, so
   I am keeping this  as a reminder I should find how to  fix that. It does work
   when I’m exporting an org file to and HTML buffer to be sent by email through
 ~, e m~.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq message-default-headers "Bcc: Lucien Cartier-Tilet <lucien@phundrak.com>\n")
   #+END_SRC

   Finally but  very importantly,  this is  the setup  I have  for my  SMTP mail
   server: I point  Emacs’ SMTP services to  my private mail server  on its SMTP
   port, which should be  used with a STARTTLS stream. And I  tell Emacs this is
   the default way to send an email.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq smtpmail-smtp-server "mail.phundrak.com"
           smtpmail-smtp-service 587
           smtpmail-stream-type 'starttls
           message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
   #+END_SRC

   I am  unsure yet if  this has  any effect on  mu4e, but this  variable should
   discourage mu4e from reading rich text  emails and instead open them as plain
   text. However, I  do not wish to  discourage opening HTML emails  since I can
   compile them to PDF or open them in the browser.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mm-discouraged-alternatives '("text/richtext"))
   #+END_SRC

   I am still unsure about this variable and  if it has an effect on mu4e, but I
   wish to  set a default  web viewer for  my HTML emails:  w3m. This is  not as
   effective as sending the email in the  browser or rendering it as a PDF file,
   but it can be effective enough for some emails.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq mm-text-html-renderer 'w3m)
   #+END_SRC

** Miscellaneous
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-d230bc2f
   :END:
   I have  a lot of variables  that need to be  set but don’t fall  in any other
   category, so I’ll collect them here.

   I have this regexp for detecting paragraphs.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
   (setq paragraph-start "\f\\|[ \t]*$\\|[ \t]*[-+*] ")
   #+END_SRC

*** Evil
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Evil-ab8a36e3
    :END:
    As a user of Evil, I’m sometimes  pissed when I accidentally press ~C-u~ and
    it gets me to the top of the document. So, let’s disable it:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq evil-want-C-u-scroll nil)
    #+END_SRC

*** Default modes
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Default_modes-b9e1522c
    :END:
    Some  buffers sometimes  won’t  have a  default  mode at  all,  such as  the
 ~*scratch*~ buffer. In any vanilla  configuration, they will then default to
 ~text-mode~. I personally prefer ~org-mode~ to  be my default mode, so let’s
    set it so!
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq edit-server-default-major-mode 'org-mode)
    #+END_SRC

*** Hooks
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Hooks-86da2da0
    :END:
    I also have  some hooks I use  for enabling some major and  minor modes. The
    first one here  allows the execution of the deletion  of trailing space each
    time I save a file.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (add-hook 'before-save-hook 'delete-trailing-whitespace)
    #+END_SRC

    I also  want to always  be in ~visual-line-mode~ so Emacs  soft-wraps lines
    that are too  long for the buffer  they are displayed in. This  will also be
    enabled for Elfeed.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'visual-line-mode)
      (add-hook 'elfeed-read-mode-hook 'visual-line-mode)
    #+END_SRC

    I also want  for some non-programming modes to enable  a hard-limit in terms
    of how many characters can fit on one line. The modes that benefit from that
    are ~message-mode~, ~org-mode~, ~text-mode~ and ~markdown-mode~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (mapc (lambda (x)
           (add-hook x 'auto-fill-mode)
           (add-hook x 'visual-line-mode))
         '(message-mode-hook
           org-mode-hook
           text-mode-hook
           markdown-mode-hook))
    #+END_SRC

*** Pinentry
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Pinentry-95004d5a
    :END:
    Pinentry should use the ~loopback~ mode when communicating with GnuPG. Let’s
    set it so:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
    (setq epa-pinentry-mode 'loopback)
    #+END_SRC

*** Prettified symbols
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Prettified_symbols-da50f4a6
    :END:
    Just because  it is  pleasing to the  eye, some symbols  in source  code get
    prettified into simpler symbols. Here is the  list of symbols that are to be
    prettified. You  can see in  the corresponding  comment what symbol  will be
    displayed.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq prettify-symbols-alist '(("lambda" . 955) ; λ
                                     ("->" . 8594)    ; →
                                     ("<->" . 8596)   ; ↔
                                     ("<-" . 8592)    ; ←
                                     ("=>" . 8658)    ; ⇒
                                     ("<=>" . 8860)   ; ⇔
                                     ("<=" . 8656)    ; ⇐
                                     ("mapc" . 8614)  ; ↦
                                     ("map" . 8614)   ; ↦
                                     (">>" . 187)     ; »
                                     ("<<" . 171)     ; «
                                     ))
    #+END_SRC

    Let’s enable this mode globally.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (prettify-symbols-mode 1)
    #+END_SRC

*** Twittering mode
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Twittering_mode-b97d9327
    :END:
    For ~twittering-mode~, a Twitter major mode  for Emacs, I want to encrypt my
    data using a master password, which I do thanks to this option:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq twittering-use-master-password t)
    #+END_SRC

*** Wttr.in cities
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Miscellaneous-Wttr.in_cities-dd24f8c5
    :END:
    Thanks to the wttrin package, I can  get the weather forecast in Emacs for a
    couple of cities. I just need to specify them to Emacs like so:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq wttrin-default-cities '("Aubervilliers" "Paris" "Lyon" "Nonières"
                                    "Saint Agrève"))
    #+END_SRC

** Nov-mode
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Nov-mode-6f10765d
   :END:
 ~nov-mode~ is the  mode used in the  Epub reader. Here I will  write a little
   function that  I will call through  a hook each  time I’m opening a  new EPUB
   file.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (defun my-nov-font-setup ()
       (face-remap-add-relative 'variable-pitch :family "Charis SIL"
                                :size 16
                                :height 1.0))
   #+END_SRC
   Let’s  bind this  function to  the ~nov-mode~  hook. By  the way,  we’ll also
   enable the ~visual-line-mode~ here, just in case.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (mapc (lambda (mode)
             (add-hook 'nov-mode-hook mode))
           '('my-nov-font-setup 'visual-line-mode))
   #+END_SRC
   Let’s also set the maximum length of the lines in ~nov-mode~:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq nov-text-width 80)
   #+END_SRC

** Python
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Python-9cdd1b06
   :END:
   Emacs throws me an error about the python interpreter, let’s silence it:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq python-shell-completion-native-disabled-interpreters '("python"))
   #+END_SRC

** Org-mode
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-04ab8ad3
   :END:
   Org-mode is  probably one of the  best if not  the best Emacs feature  I have
   ever  discovered. It  is awesome  for  writing documents,  regardless of  the
   format you need it to be exported to, for agenda management, and for literary
   programming, such as with this document.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
     (with-eval-after-load 'org
       ;; configuration goes here
       )
   #+END_SRC

# Don’t delete this, this code block is here to wrap the org configuration
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :exports none
  (with-eval-after-load 'org
#+END_SRC

*** Custom org-mode functions
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Custom_org-mode_functions-f1726995
    :END:
    We begin with a couple of custom functions that I use in my org-mode files.

**** Custom and unique headings ID
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Custom_org-mode_functions-Custom_and_unique_headings_ID-44d2beaf
     :END:
     The  first ones  are dedicated  to provide  org-mode headings  a fixed  and
     unique  ID  that  won’t  change  over   time.  This  code  was  taken  from
     [[https://writequit.org/articles/emacs-org-mode-generate-ids.html][https://writequit.org/articles/emacs-org-mode-generate-ids.html]].  The first
     function’s job is to create these unique IDs
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eos/org-id-new (&optional prefix)
         "Create a new globally unique ID.

       An ID consists of two parts separated by a colon:
       - a prefix
       - a   unique   part   that   will   be   created   according   to
         `org-id-method'.

       PREFIX  can specify  the  prefix,  the default  is  given by  the
       variable  `org-id-prefix'.  However,  if  PREFIX  is  the  symbol
       `none', don't  use any  prefix even if  `org-id-prefix' specifies
       one.

       So a typical ID could look like \"Org-4nd91V40HI\"."
         (let* ((prefix (if (eq prefix 'none)
                            ""
                          (concat (or prefix org-id-prefix)
                                  "-"))) unique)
           (if (equal prefix "-")
               (setq prefix ""))
           (cond
            ((memq org-id-method
                   '(uuidgen uuid))
             (setq unique (org-trim (shell-command-to-string org-id-uuid-program)))
             (unless (org-uuidgen-p unique)
               (setq unique (org-id-uuid))))
            ((eq org-id-method 'org)
             (let* ((etime (org-reverse-string (org-id-time-to-b36)))
                    (postfix (if org-id-include-domain
                                 (progn
                                   (require 'message)
                                   (concat "@"
                                           (message-make-fqdn))))))
               (setq unique (concat etime postfix))))
            (t (error "Invalid `org-id-method'")))
           (concat prefix (car (split-string unique "-")))))
     #+END_SRC

     Now, let’s  see the function that  will be used to  get the custom id  of a
     heading at point. If  the function does not detect any  custom ID, then one
     should be created and inserted.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eos/org-custom-id-get (&optional pom create prefix)
         "Get the CUSTOM_ID property of the entry at point-or-marker POM.

       If POM is nil, refer to the entry at point. If the entry does not
       have an CUSTOM_ID, the function returns nil. However, when CREATE
       is non nil, create a CUSTOM_ID if none is present already. PREFIX
       will  be passed  through to  `eos/org-id-new'. In  any case,  the
       CUSTOM_ID of the entry is returned."
         (interactive)
         (org-with-point-at pom
           (let* ((orgpath (mapconcat #'identity (org-get-outline-path) "-"))
                  (heading (replace-regexp-in-string
                            "/\\|~" ""
                            (replace-regexp-in-string
                             " " "_" (if (string= orgpath "")
                                         (org-get-heading t t t t)
                                       (concat orgpath "-" (org-get-heading t t t t))))))
                  (id (org-entry-get nil "CUSTOM_ID")))
             (cond
              ((and id
                    (stringp id)
                    (string-match "\\S-" id)) id)
              (create (setq id (eos/org-id-new (concat prefix heading)))
                      (org-entry-put pom "CUSTOM_ID" id)
                      (org-id-add-location id
                                           (buffer-file-name (buffer-base-buffer)))
                      id)))))
     #+END_SRC

     Finally,  this is  the function  that  gets called  on file  saves. If  the
     function  detects ~auto-id:t~  among the  org options  in the ~#+OPTIONS:~
     header, then the above function is called.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun eos/org-add-ids-to-headlines-in-file ()
         "Add CUSTOM_ID properties to all headlines in the current file
       which do not already have one.

       Only adds ids if the `auto-id' option is set to `t' in the file
       somewhere. ie, #+OPTIONS: auto-id:t"
         (interactive)
         (save-excursion
           (widen)
           (goto-char (point-min))
           (when (re-search-forward "^#\\+OPTIONS:.*auto-id:t"
                                    (point-max)
                                    t)
             (org-map-entries (lambda ()
                                (eos/org-custom-id-get (point)
                                                       'create))))))
     #+END_SRC

     Let’s add  a hook to  the above function so  it is called  automatically on
     save, and only in read-write functions.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (add-hook 'org-mode-hook
                 (lambda ()
                   (add-hook 'before-save-hook
                             (lambda ()
                               (when (and (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
                                          (eq buffer-read-only nil))
                                 (eos/org-add-ids-to-headlines-in-file))))))
     #+END_SRC

*** Org babel languages
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_babel_languages-c062fc16
    :END:
    One  of  the  amazing  features  of org-mode  is  its  literary  programming
    capacities by running code blocks from within Org-mode itself. But for that,
    only a  couple of languages are  supported directly by Org-mode  itself, and
    they need to be activated. Here are the languages I activated in my Org-mode
    configuration:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (org-babel-do-load-languages
       'org-babel-load-languages
       '((C          . t)
         (dot        . t)
         (emacs-lisp . t)
         (gnuplot    . t)
         (latex      . t)
         (makefile   . t)
         (python     . t)
         (R          . t)
         (sass       . t)
         (scheme     . t)
         (shell      . t)))
    #+END_SRC

    Scheme requires a default implementation for geiser:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq geiser-default-implementation 'racket)
    #+END_SRC

    By the  way, I wish  to see source  code behave the  same way in  the source
    blocks as in their own major mode. Let’s tell Emacs so:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-src-tab-acts-natively t)
    #+END_SRC

*** Org variables
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-97587637
    :END:
**** User information
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-User_information-6c7d5e3f
     :END:
     Some  variables  about  myself  need  to be  set  so  Org-mode  knows  what
     information to include in exported files.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (setq user-full-name "Lucien Cartier-Tilet"
             user-real-login-name "Lucien Cartier-Tilet"
             user-login-name "phundrak"
             user-mail-address "lucien@phundrak.com")
     #+END_SRC

**** Visual settings
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-Visual_settings-5d02f4c0
     :END:
     Visually, I prefer to hide the markers of macros, so let’s do that:
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (setq org-hide-macro-markers t)
     #+END_SRC

**** Org behavior
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-Org_behavior-0319db38
     :END:
     Here is one behavior that I really want to see modified: the ability to use
 ~M-RET~ without slicing the text the marker is on.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (setq org-M-RET-may-split-line nil)
     #+END_SRC

     I also have added  a couple of custom structure templates  for Org mode (>=
     9.3), mainly for source code blocks.
     #+begin_src emacs-lisp
       (add-to-list 'org-structure-template-alist '("L" . "src emacs-lisp"))
     #+end_src

     Since Org 9.3,  Org no longer attempts to restore  the window configuration
     in the frame  to which the user  returns after editing a  source block with
 ~org-edit-src-code~.   This    means   with    the   original    value   of
 ~org-src-window-setup~  (~reorganize-frame~),  the  current frame  will  be
     split in  two between the  original org window  and the source  window, and
     once we quit the source window only the org window will remain. This is not
     a  desired  behavior   for  me,  so  I  chose  to   set  this  variable  to
 ~split-window-right~ in  order to keep  my windows organization and  have a
     similar behavior to the old one.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (setq org-src-window-setup 'split-window-right)
       ;; (setq org-src-window-setup 'split-window-below)
     #+END_SRC

     However, it is not rare that I want to change that for an horizontal split,
     which can  be achieved  with the value ~split-window-below~. Thus,  I have
     made this function that allows me  to switch between the (default) vertical
     split and the horizontal split.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (defun phundrak/toggle-org-src-window-split ()
         "This function allows the user to toggle the behavior of
       `org-edit-src-code'. If the variable `org-src-window-setup' has
       the value `split-window-right', then it will be changed to
       `split-window-below'. Otherwise, it will be set back to
       `split-window-right'"
         (interactive)
         (if (equal org-src-window-setup 'split-window-right)
             (setq org-src-window-setup 'split-window-below)
           (setq org-src-window-setup 'split-window-right))
         (message "Org-src buffers will now split %s"
                  (if (equal org-src-window-setup 'split-window-right)
                      "vertically"
                    "horizontally")))
     #+END_SRC

**** Miscellaneous
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-Miscellaneous-ddcb568a
     :END:
     When creating  a link to an  Org flie, I want  to create an ID  only if the
     link is  created interactively, and only  if there is no  custom ID already
     created.
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
       (setq org-id-link-to-org-use-id 'create-if-interactive-and-no-custom-id)
     #+END_SRC

*** Org files exports
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_files_exports-1e194169
    :END:
    When it comes to  exports, I want the LaTeX and PDF exports  to be done with
    XeLaTeX only. This implies the modification of the following variable:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-latex-compiler "xelatex")
    #+END_SRC

    I also  want to get  by default ~minted~ for LaTeX  listings so I  can have
    syntax highlights:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-latex-listings 'minted)
    #+END_SRC

    The default  packages break my LaTeX  exports: for some reasons,  images are
    not  loaded and  exported  in PDFs,  so  I needed  to  redifine the  default
    packages excluding the  one that broke my exports. I  also added two default
    packages, ~minted~  and ~xeCJK~  for syntax  highlighting and  Japanese (and
    additionally Chinese and Korean) support.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-latex-default-packages-alist '((""         "graphicx"  t)
                                               ("T1"       "fontspec"  t ("pdflatex"))
                                               (""         "longtable" nil)
                                               (""         "wrapfig"   nil)
                                               (""         "rotating"  nil)
                                               ("normalem" "ulem"      t)
                                               (""         "amsmath"   t)
                                               (""         "textcomp"  t)
                                               (""         "amssymb"   t)
                                               (""         "capt-of"   nil)
                                               (""         "minted"    nil)
                                               (""         "xeCJK"     nil)
                                               (""         "hyperref"  nil)))
    #+END_SRC

    By the way, reference links in LaTeX should be written in this format:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-export-latex-hyperref-format "\\ref{%s}")
    #+END_SRC

    When it  comes to the  export itself, the latex  file needs to  be processed
    several times through XeLaTeX.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-latex-pdf-process
            '("xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"
              "xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"
              "xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"))
    #+END_SRC

    For Reveal.JS exports, I need to set where to find the framework by default:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-reveal-root "file:///home/phundrak/fromGIT/reveal.js")
    #+END_SRC

    I also  want to  disable by  default behavior of ~^~ and ~_~ for  only one
    character, making it compulsory to use instead ~^{}~ and ~_{}~ respectively.
    This is  due to my  frequent usage of  the underscore in  my org files  as a
    regular character and not a markup one. So, let’s disable it:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-use-sub-superscripts (quote {}))
    #+END_SRC

    On  HTML exports,  Org-mode  tries  to include  a  validation  link for  the
    exported HTML. Let’s disable that since I never use it.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-html-validation-link nil)
    #+END_SRC

*** Custom LaTeX formats
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Custom_LaTeX_formats-8e8dca1c
    :END:
    I currently have two custom formats for my Org-mode exports: one for general
    use (initialy for my conlanging files, hence its ~conlang~ name), and one
    for beamer exports.

    Below is the declaration of the ~conlang~ LaTeX class:
    #+NAME: org-latex-class-conlang
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
      '("conlang"
        "\\documentclass{book}"
        ("\\chapter{%s}" . "\\chapter*{%s}")
        ("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
        ("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
        ("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}"))
    #+END_SRC

    And here is the declaration of the ~beamer~ class:
    #+NAME: org-latex-class-beamer
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
      `("beamer"
        ,(concat "\\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}\n"
                 "[DEFAULT-PACKAGES]"
                 "[PACKAGES]"
                 "[EXTRA]\n")
        ("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
        ("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
        ("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}"))
    #+END_SRC

    Both these classes have to be added to ~org-latex-classes~ like so:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
      (eval-after-load "ox-latex"
        ;; update the list of LaTeX classes and associated header (encoding, etc.)
        ;; and structure
        '(add-to-list 'org-latex-classes
                      <<org-latex-class-conlang>>
                      <<org-latex-class-beamer>>
                      ))
    #+END_SRC

*** Org agenda
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_agenda-53f9d319
    :END:
    One awesome feature  of Org mode is  the agenda. By default,  my agendas are
    stored in =~/org/agenda=.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-agenda-files (list "~/org/agenda" "~/org/notes.org"))
    #+END_SRC

    I also  have a  custom command  in Org agenda  to mark  some tasks  as daily
    tasks with the =:DAILY:= tag,:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq org-agenda-custom-commands
            '(("h" "Daily habits"
               ((agenda ""))
               ((org-agenda-show-log t)
                (org-agenda-ndays 7)
                (org-agenda-log-mode-items '(state))
                (org-agenda-skip-function
                 '(org-agenda-skip-entry-if 'notregexp
                                            ":DAILY:"))))
              ("Y" "Yearly events"
               ((agenda ""))
               ((org-agenda-show-log t)
                (org-agenda-ndays 365)
                (org-agenda-log-mode-items '(state))
                (org-agenda-skip-entry-if 'notregexp
                                          ":YEARLY:")))))
    #+END_SRC

*** Org capture
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-f58979cf
    :END:
    Org-capture is  an amazing feature  of Org-mode  which allows me  to quickly
    save links, resources,  reminders and notes in a neatly  organized org file.
    With Spacemacs, an Org capture can be invoked with the shortcut ~SPC a o c~.
    It will then ask which template I  wish to use. Said templates are described
    below:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (setq
       org-default-notes-file "~/org/notes.org"
       org-capture-templates
       '(("e" "Emails")
         ("ew" "Write Email" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Emails")
          (file "~/org/capture/emails.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("j" "Journal" entry
          (file+datetree "~/org/journal.org")
          (file "~/org/capture/journal.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("l" "Links")
         ("ly" "YouTube" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "YouTube")
          (file "~/org/capture/youtube.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("L" "Protocol Link" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Link")
          (file "~/org/capture/protocol-link.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("n" "Note")
         ("nq" "Quote"
          entry (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Note")
          (file "~/org/capture/notes-quote.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("nn" "Note"
          entry (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Note")
          (file "~/org/capture/notes.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("p" "Protocol" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Link")
          (file "~/org/capture/protocol.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("r" "Resources")
         ("rc" "Conlanging" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Conlanging")
          (file "~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("re" "Emacs" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Emacs")
          (file "~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("ri" "Informatique général" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Informatique")
          (file "~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("rl" "Linguistics" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Linguistics")
          (file "~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("rw" "Worldbuilding" entry
          (file+headline org-default-notes-file "Worldbuilding")
          (file "~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("t" "Tasks")
         ("ti" "Informatique" entry
          (file+headline "~/org/agenda/private.org" "Informatique")
          (file "~/org/capture/informatique.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("th" "Health" entry
          (file+headline "~/org/agenda/private.org" "Health")
          (file "~/org/capture/health.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("tb" "Birthday" entry
          (file+headline "~/org/agenda/private.org" "Birthdays")
          (file "~/org/capture/birthday.orgcaptmpl"))
         ("te" "Birthday event" entry
          (file+headline "~/org/agenda/private.org" "Burthdays")
          (file "~/org/capture/birthday-event.orgcaptmpl"))))
    #+END_SRC

    You may notice a capture entry for my journal, and this is due to the fact I
    do  not use ~org-journal~ anymore:  it was  too overpowered  for me,  and I
    prefer to keep it simple with a single  file. And as you can see, and unlike
    a lot of other Emacs configurations, the  content of the template is not set
    in  the variable,  but in  external files  which can  be modified  freely as
    actual Org buffers instead of trying to  get a proper one with loads of ~\n~
    characters and such. All these templates are declared below.

**** Emails
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Emails-d87336fe
     :END:
     This is my template for a new Email:
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/email.orgcaptmpl
       ,** TODO [#A] Write Email
          SCHEDULED: %^t
          :PROPERTIES:
          :CAPTURED: %U
          :END:
       From: Lucien Cartier-Tilet <lucien@phundrak.com>
       To: %^{Recipient}
       Subject: %^{Object}
       --text follows this line--
       %?
       --
       Lucien “Phundrak” Cartier-Tilet
       https://phundrak.com (Français)
       https://en.phundrak.com (English)

       Sent from a Free and Open-Source Linux operating system with GNU/Emacs
     #+END_SRC

     I use  it in case my  computer is not yet  connected to the internet  and I
     need to already write the email so I  can send it later. All I will need to
     to afterwards will be to copy and  paste my capture in a new message buffer
     and   send   it   once   I   am  back   online.   This   is   exported   to
 =~/org/capture/email.orgcaptmpl=.

**** Journal
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Journal-9916f9bf
     :END:
     This template  is quite  simple: it  creates a new  entry with  the current
     timestamp as its title, a brief title  of my choosing, and then I can write
     whatever     I     wish    to     write.     This     is    exported     to
 =~/org/capture/journal.orgcaptmpl=.
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/journal.orgcaptmpl
       ,* %U %^{Title}
         %?
     #+END_SRC

**** Notes
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Notes-4b4c10aa
     :END:
     This template  is used for taking  note about various subjects  that can go
     from conlanging to  development. I wrote it  so I can know  from where this
     capture was made  and when, and it even supports  text that was highlighted
     in  Emacs that  will be  inserted in  a quote  block. This  is exported  to
 =~/org/capture/notes.orgcaptmpl=.
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/notes.orgcaptmpl
       ,* %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :FROM:     %f
         :END:
         %?
     #+END_SRC


     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/notes-quote.orgcaptmpl
       ,* %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :FROM:     %f
         :END:
         Possible inspiration:
         ,#+begin_quote
         %i
         ,#+end_quote

         %?
     #+END_SRC

**** Protocol
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Protocol-ec45ec49
     :END:
     This  capture  is  used  when   received  through  org-protocol,  with  the
     Org-protocol Extension for  Firefox. It allows me to save  in a quote block
     what I’ve highlighted, as well as the link of the webpage on which my saved
     content     was    highlighted.     This     file     is    exported     to
 =~/org/capture/protocol.orgcaptmpl=.
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/protocol.orgcaptmpl
       ,* TODO [#C] %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :LINK:     %:link
         :TITLE:    %:description
         :END:
         ,#+begin_quote
         %i
         ,#+end_quote

         %?
     #+END_SRC

     This next capture template is used only when a link is sent to Emacs and no
     content was highlighted.
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/protocol-link.orgcaptmpl
       ,* TODO [#C] Link: %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :LINK:     %:link
         :TITLE:    %:description
         :END:
         %?
     #+END_SRC

**** Resources
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Resources-b23bfbd0
     :END:
     This is the default template for  resources, which generally are located on
     the Internet. By default, I give them the lowest priority, because although
     this is something for me to remember later, it is not by default important.
     You can see in the properties I  record when the capture happened, and what
     the link is. The  title of the capture is a summary of  what this is, while
     the body of the  capture is a more detailed explanation  of what I capture,
     why, and how it could be useful to me.
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/resource.orgcaptmpl
       ,* TODO [#C] %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :LINK:     %^{Link}
         :END:
         %?
     #+END_SRC

**** Tasks
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Tasks-3fcf382a
     :END:

***** Computers and stuff
      :PROPERTIES:
      :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Tasks-Computers_and_stuff-a4eef8e3
      :END:
      One type of task  I often capture is related to my  servers or thing about
      computers in  general. With this,  I can capture a  task for which  I will
      either set a schedule or a deadline.
      #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/informatique.orgcaptmpl
        ,* TODO %^{Title}
          %^{Scheduled or Deadline?||SCHEDULED||DEADLINE}: %^t
          :PROPERTIES:
          :CATEGORY: %^{Category}
          :END:
          %?
      #+END_SRC

***** Health
      :PROPERTIES:
      :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Tasks-Health-74f8f338
      :END:
      This capture is rarely used (I’m lucky to have a good health), but it can
      be useful.
      #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/health.orgcaptmpl
        ,* %^{Title}
          SCHEDULED: %^t

          %?
      #+END_SRC

***** Birthdays
      :PROPERTIES:
      :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-Tasks-Birthdays-ec3b27be
      :END:
      This capture is used  to store new birthdays I have  to remember. They are
      set to be repeated yearly.
      #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/birthday.orgcaptmpl
        ,* %^{Name}
          SCHEDULED: %^t
      #+END_SRC

      Sometimes I will have a special event for one birthday, and I need to
      store it in the same header as birthdays in general, they don’t need
      to be repeated but they might need some more information.
      #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/birthday-event.orgcaptmpl
        ,* %^{Title}
          %^{Scheduled or deadline?||SCHEDULED||DEADLINE}: %^t
          :PROPERTIES:
          :WHOM:     %^{Whom’s birthday?}
          :END:
          %?
      #+END_SRC

**** YouTube
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_capture-YouTube-827968ee
     :END:
     #+BEGIN_SRC org :tangle ~/org/capture/youtube.orgcaptmpl
       ,* TODO [#C] %^{Title}
         :PROPERTIES:
         :CAPTURED: %U
         :AUTHOR:   %^{Author}
         :LINK:     %^{Link}
         :END:
         %?
     #+END_SRC

*** Org projects
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_projects-5be088cd
    :END:
    Another great features  of Org-mode is the Org projects  that allow the user
    to easily  publish a bunch of  org files to  a remote location. Here  is the
    current declaration of my projects, which will be detailed later:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
      (setq org-publish-project-alist
            '(
              <<org-proj-config-html>>
              <<org-proj-config-static>>
              <<org-proj-config>>
              <<org-proj-lang-html>>
              <<org-proj-lang-pdf>>
              <<org-proj-lang-static>>
              <<org-proj-lang>>))
    #+END_SRC

**** Configuration website
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_projects-Configuration_website-79bd0468
     :END:
     #+NAME: org-proj-config-html
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("config-website-org"
        :base-directory "~/org/config/"
        :base-extension "org"
        :exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
        :publishing-directory "/ssh:Tilo:~/www/phundrak.com/config"
        :recursive t
        :language "en"
        :publishing-function org-html-publish-to-html
        :headline-levels 5
        :auto-sitemap t
        :auto-preamble t)
     #+END_SRC

     And lastly, we  have the component for  all the static files  needed to run
     the website:
     #+NAME: org-proj-config-static
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("config-website-static"
        :base-directory "~/org/config/"
        :base-extension "png\\|jpg\\|gif\\|webp\\|svg\\|jpeg\\|ttf\\|woff\\|txt\\|epub\\|md"
        :publishing-directory "/ssh:Tilo:~/www/phundrak.com/config"
        :recursive t
        :language "en"
        :publishing-function org-publish-attachment)
     #+END_SRC

     The project is then defined like so:
     #+NAME: org-proj-config
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("config-website"
        :components ("config-website-org"
                     "config-website-static"))
     #+END_SRC

**** Linguistics website
     :PROPERTIES:
     :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_projects-Linguistics_website-34b8d4e7
     :END:
     In my case, I only have my linguistics website, made out of three projects.
     The  first component  is the  one generating  the HTML  files from  the org
     files.
     #+NAME: org-proj-lang-html
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("langue-phundrak-com-org"
        :base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/content/"
        :base-extension "org"
        :exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|README\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
        :publishing-directory "/ssh:Tilo:~/www/phundrak.com/langue/"
        :recursive t
        :language "fr"
        :publishing-function org-html-publish-to-html
        :headline-levels 5
        :auto-sitemap t
        :auto-preamble t)
     #+END_SRC

     We also have the component for the LaTeX and PDF part of the website:
     #+NAME: org-proj-lang-pdf
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("langue-phundrak-com-pdf"
        :base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/content/"
        :base-extension "org"
        :exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|README\\|index\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
        :publishing-directory "/ssh:Tilo:~/www/phundrak.com/langue/"
        :recursive t
        :language "fr"
        :publishing-function org-latex-publish-to-pdf
        :headline-levels 5
        :auto-preamble t)
     #+END_SRC

     And lastly, we  have the component for  all the static files  needed to run
     the website:
     #+NAME: org-proj-lang-static
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("langue-phundrak-com-static"
        :base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/content/"
        :base-extension "png\\|jpg\\|gif\\|webp\\|svg\\|jpeg\\|ttf\\|woff\\|txt\\|epub"
        :publishing-directory "/ssh:Tilo:~/www/phundrak.com/langue/"
        :recursive t
        :language "fr"
        :publishing-function org-publish-attachment)
     #+END_SRC

     The project is then defined like so:
     #+NAME: org-proj-lang
     #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
       ("langue-phundrak-com"
        :components ("langue-phundrak-com-org"
                     "langue-phundrak-com-static"
                     "langue-phundrak-com-pdf"))
     #+END_SRC

 # Don’t delete this, this code block is here to wrap the org configuration
 #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :exports none
     )
 #+END_SRC

** Rust
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Rust-ba633575
   :END:
   I need to  point to racer where the  source code of Rust is located  so I can
   get some documentation.  This is installed with the ~rust-src~ component you
   can get through ~rustup~. To install it, simply run
   #+BEGIN_SRC shell :tangle no :exports code
     $ rustup component add rust-src
   #+END_SRC

   Now, the  source code  for Rust  should be included  in your  installation. I
   personally prefer to develop with Rust  stable, so let’s indicate to Emacs to
   search for documentation in the stable sources:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq racer-rust-src-path
           "~/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/src/rust/src")
   #+END_SRC

   Rust’s default ~cargo check~ command  is already  very good, however  I also
   enjoy getting  some more hints  while developping,  and ~clippy~ does  a very
   good job at it. To get clippy, I need to run the following to install it:
   #+BEGIN_SRC shell
     $ rustup compontent add clippy
   #+END_SRC

   And this will get it installed with all  of my Rust toolchain, and it will be
   updated with it. Now,  let’s indicate LSP that I want to  use that instead of
 ~check~:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq lsp-rust-analyzer-cargo-watch-command "clippy")
   #+END_SRC

   Finally, I  wish to  enable ~electric-pair-mode~ and ~indent-guide-mode~ for
   Rust files, so let’s enable that through the use of a hook:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (add-hook 'rust-mode-hook
               '(lambda ()
                  (local-set-key (kbd "TAB") #'company-indent-or-complete-common)
                  (electric-pair-mode 1)
                  (indent-guide-mode 1)))
   #+END_SRC

** Scheme
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Scheme-e35aa50a
   :END:
   The Scheme configuration  will be very short,  I just need to  tell Emacs the
   name of the interpreter since it is not the default one:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (setq geiser-chicken-binary "chicken-csi")
   #+END_SRC

** Shortcuts
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-aef3f7a7
   :END:
   As  you will  see, I  defined a  LOT of  custom shortcuts.  Most of  them are
   Spacemacs shortcuts, defined in a way  they can be used seamlessly with Evil.
   Only two shortcuts are defined the vanilla way for Emacs:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (global-set-key (kbd "M-»") 'end-of-buffer)
     (global-set-key (kbd "M-«") 'beginning-of-buffer)
   #+END_SRC

   Spacemacs  shortcuts all  begin  with ~o~,  which is  a  prefix reserved  for
   user-defined shortcuts so they won’t conflict with any package. Let’s declare
   it like so.
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "o" "custom")
   #+END_SRC

   Now, all  shortcuts that will be  defined can be invoked  in Normal-mode with
   the  src_emacs-lisp[:exports  results]{(princ  dotspacemacs-leader-key)}  key
   followed by the sequence assigned to each shortcut.

   Before some more specialized categories, I have two commands which don’t fit
   into any other category that I sometime use:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oB" "byte-compile ~/.config/emacs")
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "or" "external command")
     (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
       "oB"   (lambda () (byte-recompile-directory (expand-file-name "~/.config/emacs") 0))
       "or"   'helm-run-external-command)
   #+END_SRC

 ~oB~  byte-compiles  every ~.el~  file  located  in  the =~/.config/emacs/=
   directory —  it can be useful  in case of  package upgrade and an  old ~.elc~
   file still loads instead of an uncompiled but newer ~.el~ file.

 ~or~ on the other hand invokes an external comand the same way [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dmenu][dmenu]] would.

*** Applications
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Applications-af8730b1
    :END:
    As this is a new category, let’s declare its prefix:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oa" "applications")
    #+END_SRC

    Now, let’s also declare the shortcuts in this category:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "oac" 'calc
        "oaC" 'calendar
        "oae" 'eww
        "oaw" 'wttrin)
    #+END_SRC

 ~oac~ will invoke Emacs’ calculator, while ~oac~ invokes the calendar, ~oae~
    invokes the Eww navigator and ~oaw~ invokes the weather forecast.

*** Comments
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Comments-508db33d
    :END:
    Some  shortcuts are  also related  to comment  editing, in  particular using
    outorg. Let’s first declare the dedicated prefix:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oc" "comments")
    #+END_SRC

    Now, let’s declare the following shortcuts:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "occ" 'outorg-copy-edits-and-exit
        "oce" 'outorg-edit-as-org
        "oco" 'outline-minor-mode)
    #+END_SRC

 ~oco~ enables the  outline minor mode, which then allows  for the edition of
    comments in  org buffers with ~oce~  and saving them to  the original source
    file with ~occ~.

*** Files
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Files-206c2126
    :END:
    This category is mainly used for opening configuration files, but it is also
    more generally for files-related commands. Let’s declare the category:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "of" "files")
    #+END_SRC

    If a file is designated in a buffer, it is possible to open it with the
    following shortcut:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys "ofo" 'find-file-at-point)
    #+END_SRC

    Now, Let’s declare shortcuts related to my configuration files. Here is the
    list of them:
    - [[file:bin.org][bin.org]] :: contains the source code of my custom scripts in my ~$PATH~
    - [[file:spacemacs.org][spacemacs.org]] :: this file, configuration of Emacs
    - [[file:fish.org][fish.org]] :: configuration of my fish shell
    - [[file:i3.org][i3.org]] :: configuration of my i3 installation
    - [[file:index.org][index.org]] :: some various configuration files and index of this website
    - [[file:polybar.org][polybar.org]] :: configuration polybar
    - [[https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles][README.org]] :: README of the yadm repo
    Each of these  files are accessible through a simple  shortcut, and each one
    of them has a  description so the shortcut doesn’t show  up as ~lambda~ with
 ~which-keys~.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofa" "awesome.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofb" "bin.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofe" "spacemacs.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "off" "fish.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofi" "i3.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofI" "index.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofp" "polybar.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofP" "picom.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofr" "yadm README")
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "ofa" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/awesome.org"))
        "ofb" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/bin.org"))
        "ofe" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/spacemacs.org"))
        "off" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/fish.org"))
        "ofi" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/i3.org"))
        "ofI" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/index.org"))
        "ofp" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/polybar.org"))
        "ofP" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/picom.org"))
        "ofr" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/README.org")))
    #+END_SRC

    I also want a quick access to my notes and my journal.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofj" "journal.org")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofn" "notes.org")
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "ofj" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/journal.org"))
        "ofn" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/notes.org")))
    #+END_SRC

*** Multiple cursors
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Multiple_cursors-83db7c9c
    :END:
    I don’t  really like Spacemacs’  layer for  MultipleCursors, so I  prefer to
    simply install the  package and create shortcuts for it  myself. Let’s first
    declare category:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "om" "multiple-cursors")
    #+END_SRC

    Now, let’s declare the shortcuts related to multiple-cursors:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "ome" 'mc/edit-lines
        "omn" 'mc/mark-next-like-this
        "omp" 'mc/mark-previous-like-this
        "oma" 'mc/mark-all-like-this)
    #+END_SRC

*** Org-mode
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Org-mode-a8938199
    :END:
    Now, onto some shortcuts related to org-mode. Let’s first declare the
    category:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oo" "org-mode")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'org-mode "o" "custom" "User-defined keybindings")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'org-mode "oT" "toggle" "Toggle org elements")
    #+END_SRC

    Now, I have a couple of shortcuts I use regularly:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ooT" "toggle")
    #+END_SRC

    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys-for-major-mode 'org-mode
        "oS" 'org-insert-structure-template
        "oTs" 'phundrak/toggle-org-src-window-split
        "oTt" 'org-sidebar-tree)
    #+END_SRC

 ~oss~  allows   me  to   insert  an  org   structure  template   defined  in
 ~org-structure-template-alist~    (see    [[#User_Configuration-Org-mode-Org_variables-Org_behavior-0319db38][User    Configuration/Org-mode/Org
    Variables/Org behavior]]), while ~ooT~ displays the outline of the current org
    file.

 ~oot~ is the prefix for tree-related operations:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oot" "tables")
    #+END_SRC

    These shortcuts  allow to manipulate the  width of the column  the cursor is
    currently in,  by either shrinking it,  expanding it, or toggling  its state
    between shrunk or expanded. A prefix for all of these commands has been also
    added in order to make the purpose of the shortcuts clearer.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys-for-major-mode 'org-mode
        "ott" 'org-table-toggle-column-width
        "ote" 'org-table-expand
        "ots" 'org-table-shrink)
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'org-mode "oott" "toggle width")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'org-mode "oote" "expand")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'org-mode "oots" "shrink")
    #+END_SRC

    Finaly, I  set the following  shortcut in  order to easily  remove ~RESULTS~
    blocks from org source code blocks:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys-for-major-mode 'org-mode
        "or" 'org-babel-remove-result-one-or-many)
    #+END_SRC

*** Toggle
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Toggle-d53c27ef
    :END:
    This category allows to toggle some modes and options.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ot" "toggle")
    #+END_SRC

    As you can see, I have here four shortcuts for toggling various elements in
    Emacs:
    - ~otb~ :: toggles ~fancy-battery-mode~. This comes  in very handy when I am
      on a laptop that is not pluged in or which is charging.
    - ~otd~ :: toggles ~elcord-mode~. This mode  is used to create an Emacs rich
      integration in Discord.
    - ~otf~ :: toggles  the activation of FlyCheck, Emacs’ spell  checker. It is
      by default  disabled, and I  can turn it on  with this shortcut  only when
      needed.
    - ~ots~  :: toggles ~prettify-symbols-mode~. This  allows Emacs  to replace
      some symbols  by some others,  like for  example by replacing ~lambda~ in
      Emacs Lisp buffers with an actual λ.
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "otb" 'fancy-battery-mode
        "otd" 'elcord-mode
        "otf" 'flycheck-mode
        "ots" 'prettify-symbols-mode)
    #+END_SRC

    We also have some input  methods-related shortcuts in a sub-category: ~oti~.
    The first shortcuts below are used  to either toggle between no input method
    or the last one  used (~otit~), or choose an input  method among the various
    available ones from Emacs (~otis~).
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oti" "input methods")
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "otit"  'toggle-input-method
        "otis"  'set-input-method)
    #+END_SRC

    The shortcuts below though allow me to directly switch to one of these three
    known input methods  I sometimes or often use, namely  Japanese, Tibetan and
    IPA (by typing in X-SAMPA).
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "otij" "Japanese")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "otix" "IPA (X-SAMPA)")
      (spacemacs/declare-prefix "otiT" "Tibetan")
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "otij" (lambda () (interactive) (set-input-method 'japanese))
        "otix" (lambda () (interactive) (set-input-method 'ipa-x-sampa))
        "otiT" (lambda () (interactive) (set-input-method 'tibetan-wylie)))
    #+END_SRC

*** Text
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Shortcuts-Text-8d877c4b
    :END:
    The last category is a text-related category. Let’s declare it:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "ox" "text")
    #+END_SRC

    The only command for now is a command  that allows the use of ~C-u M-q~ with
    the simple shortcut ~oxf~:
    #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
      (spacemacs/set-leader-keys
        "oxf" 'phundrak/fill-paragraph)
    #+END_SRC

    #+RESULTS:

** Yadm
   :PROPERTIES:
   :CUSTOM_ID: User_Configuration-Yadm-4344fec3
   :END:
   yadm is  the utility  I use  for managing my  dotfiles, and  it is  a wrapper
   In order to manage my dotfiles, I use the following shortcut to launch Magit
   Status for yadm:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (spacemacs/declare-prefix "oy" "yadm status")
     (spacemacs/set-leader-keys "oy" (lambda () (interactive) (magit-status "/yadm::")))
   #+END_SRC

   around ~git~.  Logically, it means  Magit could theoretically manage  my yadm
   repo. And it is  indeed possible, according to [[https://github.com/TheLocehiliosan/yadm/blob/master/yadm.md][this page]]  using TRAMP. I just
   need to add the following code snippet:
   #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
     (add-to-list 'tramp-methods
                  '("yadm"
                    (tramp-login-program "yadm")
                    (tramp-login-args (("enter")))
                    (tramp-login-env (("SHELL")
                                      ("/bin/sh")))
                    (tramp-remote-shell "/bin/sh")
                    (tramp-remote-shell-args ("-c"))))
   #+END_SRC

* Footnotes
  :PROPERTIES:
  :CUSTOM_ID: Footnotes-5ffd05ee
  :END:

[fn:2] [[https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles/src/branch/master/.spacemacs][labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles/src/branch/master/.spacemacs]]

[fn:1] [[https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles/src/branch/master/org/config/spacemacs.org][labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles/src/branch/master/org/config/spacemacs.org]]