initial commit
6
.gitignore
vendored
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
|
node_modules
|
||||||
|
.temp
|
||||||
|
.cache
|
||||||
|
/docs/**/*.md
|
||||||
|
/yarn.lock
|
||||||
|
/docs/.vuepress/dist/
|
7
CONTRIBUTING.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
|
Sorry, but no. Maybe one day I’ll make it so that people can sort of participate
|
||||||
|
with the development of some of my languages, but as for now I wish to work
|
||||||
|
alone on these projects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In any case, feedback is more than welcomed, and you can either open
|
||||||
|
issues or send me emails at [[mailto:lucien@phundrak.com]], I’ll be more
|
||||||
|
than happy to talk and chat about these conlangs!
|
17
LICENSE.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
|||||||
|
* Licensing
|
||||||
|
The source code you can find in various programming languages in this
|
||||||
|
repository including, but not limited to, Javascript and CSS source
|
||||||
|
code is under the [[https://www.gnu.org/licenses/quick-guide-gplv3.html][GPLv3]] ([[https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html][legal code]]) licence.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The creative work contained in [[https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/langue-phundrak-com][the main code repository]], on my [[https://github.com/Phundrak/langue-phundrak-fr/][Github
|
||||||
|
mirror]], and on my website [[https://langue.phundrak.com][langue.phundrak.com]] is dual-licenced between
|
||||||
|
the [[https://www.gnu.org/licenses/#FDL][GFDL]] ([[file:fdl-1.3.md][legal code]]) for the text and the /Creative Commons
|
||||||
|
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International/ ([[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/][CC BY-NC-SA
|
||||||
|
4.0]], [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode][legal code]]) license.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Copies of all the mentionned licenses can be found in the code
|
||||||
|
repositories mentionned above.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you wish to obtain a special license that is incompatible with the
|
||||||
|
current ones, please contact me at [[mailto:lucien@phundrak.com][lucien@phundrak.com]] so we can
|
||||||
|
discuss it.
|
70
README.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+title: P’undrak’s Conlangs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Emacs-28.0.91-blueviolet.svg?style=flat-square&logo=GNU%20Emacs&logoColor=white" /></a>
|
||||||
|
#+html: <a href="https://orgmode.org/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Org%20mode-litterate%20config-success?logo=Org&logoColor=white&style=flat-square"/></a>
|
||||||
|
#+html: <a href="https://v2.vuepress.vuejs.org/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Framework-Vuepress-42D392?logo=Vue.js&logoColor=white&style=flat-square"/></a>
|
||||||
|
#+html: <a href="https://conlang.phundrak.com"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/dynamic/json?label=Website&query=%24%5B%3A1%5D.status&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdrone.phundrak.com%2Fapi%2Frepos%2Fphundrak%2Fdotfiles%2Fbuilds&style=flat-square&logo=buffer" /></a>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* About the Project
|
||||||
|
This repository holds my conlanging projects I am working on. The
|
||||||
|
files I’m using are written in [[https://orgmode.org/][org-mode]] and are exported in Markdown
|
||||||
|
through [[https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/][Emacs]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
These Markdown files are then compiled by [[https://v2.vuepress.vuejs.org/][Vuepress]] into a beautiful
|
||||||
|
website available at [[https://conlang.phundrak.com][https://v2.vuepress.vuejs.org/]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Running the project
|
||||||
|
In order to run the project, you need to export all =.org= files in the
|
||||||
|
Markdown format. To do that easily, you can use an org project setup
|
||||||
|
in Emacs, mine looks like this:
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
|
||||||
|
(require 'ox-gfm)
|
||||||
|
(defvar phundrak--projects-conlanging-common-root
|
||||||
|
"~/org/conlanging/docs/"
|
||||||
|
"Points to the common root of my source and target for my
|
||||||
|
conlang.phundrak.com org project.")
|
||||||
|
(setq org-publish-project-alist
|
||||||
|
`(("conlang-phundrak-com-md"
|
||||||
|
:base-directory ,phundrak--projects-conlanging-common-root
|
||||||
|
:base-extension "org"
|
||||||
|
:exclude ,(rx (* print
|
||||||
|
(or "CONTRIB"
|
||||||
|
"README"
|
||||||
|
"site-map"
|
||||||
|
"temp"
|
||||||
|
"private"
|
||||||
|
"svg-ink")
|
||||||
|
(* print)))
|
||||||
|
:publishing-directory ,phundrak--projects-conlanging-common-root
|
||||||
|
:recursive t
|
||||||
|
:language "en"
|
||||||
|
:publishing-function org-gfm-publish-to-gfm
|
||||||
|
:headline-levels 5
|
||||||
|
:auto-sitemap nil
|
||||||
|
:auto-preamble nil)
|
||||||
|
("conlang-phundrak-com"
|
||||||
|
:components ("conlang-phundrak-com-md"))))
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Once you have all the Markdown files generated correctly, you can
|
||||||
|
install the dependencies of the project.
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src shell
|
||||||
|
yarn
|
||||||
|
# or
|
||||||
|
npm install
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Once this is done, you can launch a preview of the project.
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src shell
|
||||||
|
yarn docs:dev
|
||||||
|
# or
|
||||||
|
npm run docs:dev
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can also compile the project to a static website.
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src shell
|
||||||
|
yarn docs:build
|
||||||
|
# or
|
||||||
|
npm run docs:build
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
173
by-nc-sa.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Creative Commons Corporation (“Creative Commons”) is not a law firm and does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related information available on an “as-is” basis. Creative Commons gives no warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the fullest extent possible.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Using Creative Commons Public Licenses
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* __Considerations for licensors:__ Our public licenses are intended for use by those authorized to give the public permission to use material in ways otherwise restricted by copyright and certain other rights. Our licenses are irrevocable. Licensors should read and understand the terms and conditions of the license they choose before applying it. Licensors should also secure all rights necessary before applying our licenses so that the public can reuse the material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any material not subject to the license. This includes other CC-licensed material, or material used under an exception or limitation to copyright. [More considerations for licensors](http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees#Considerations_for_licensors).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* __Considerations for the public:__ By using one of our public licenses, a licensor grants the public permission to use the licensed material under specified terms and conditions. If the licensor’s permission is not necessary for any reason–for example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that use is not regulated by the license. Our licenses grant only permissions under copyright and certain other rights that a licensor has authority to grant. Use of the licensed material may still be restricted for other reasons, including because others have copyright or other rights in the material. A licensor may make special requests, such as asking that all changes be marked or described. Although not required by our licenses, you are encouraged to respect those requests where reasonable. [More considerations for the public](http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees#Considerations_for_licensees).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 1 – Definitions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. __Adapted Material__ means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. __Adapter's License__ means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c. __BY-NC-SA Compatible License__ means a license listed at [creativecommons.org/compatiblelicenses](http://creativecommons.org/compatiblelicenses), approved by Creative Commons as essentially the equivalent of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d. __Copyright and Similar Rights__ means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
e. __Effective Technological Measures__ means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
f. __Exceptions and Limitations__ means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
g. __License Elements__ means the license attributes listed in the name of a Creative Commons Public License. The License Elements of this Public License are Attribution, NonCommercial, and ShareAlike.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h. __Licensed Material__ means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
i. __Licensed Rights__ means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
j. __Licensor__ means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
k. __NonCommercial__ means not primarily intended for or directed towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. For purposes of this Public License, the exchange of the Licensed Material for other material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial provided there is no payment of monetary compensation in connection with the exchange.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
l. __Share__ means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
m. __Sui Generis Database Rights__ means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
n. __You__ means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. __Your__ has a corresponding meaning.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 2 – Scope.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. ___License grant.___
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part, for NonCommercial purposes only; and
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for NonCommercial purposes only.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. __Exceptions and Limitations.__ For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. __Term.__ The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. __Media and formats; technical modifications allowed.__ The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
5. __Downstream recipients.__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A. __Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material.__ Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
B. __Additional offer from the Licensor – Adapted Material.__ Every recipient of Adapted Material from You automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Adapted Material under the conditions of the Adapter’s License You apply.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
C. __No downstream restrictions.__ You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
6. __No endorsement.__ Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. ___Other rights.___
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties, including when the Licensed Material is used other than for NonCommercial purposes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 3 – License Conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. ___Attribution.___
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ii. a copyright notice;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
iii. a notice that refers to this Public License;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. ___ShareAlike.___
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share Adapted Material You produce, the following conditions also apply.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. The Adapter’s License You apply must be a Creative Commons license with the same License Elements, this version or later, or a BY-NC-SA Compatible License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. You must include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, the Adapter's License You apply. You may satisfy this condition in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share Adapted Material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, Adapted Material that restrict exercise of the rights granted under the Adapter's License You apply.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database for NonCommercial purposes only;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material, including for purposes of Section 3(b); and
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. __Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. __To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.__
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 6 – Term and Termination.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Section 8 – Interpretation.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances will be considered the “Licensor.” Except for the limited purpose of indicating that material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at [creativecommons.org/policies](http://creativecommons.org/policies), Creative Commons does not authorize the use of the trademark “Creative Commons” or any other trademark or logo of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the public licenses.
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
> Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org
|
5
docs/.dir-locals.el
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
|
;;; Directory Local Variables -*- no-byte-compile: t -*-
|
||||||
|
;;; For more information see (info "(emacs) Directory Variables")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
((org-mode . ((org-list-allow-alphabetical . nil)
|
||||||
|
(org-confirm-babel-evaluate . nil))))
|
4
docs/.vuepress/.dir-locals.el
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
|
;;; Directory Local Variables -*- no-byte-compile: t -*-
|
||||||
|
;;; For more information see (info "(emacs) Directory Variables")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
((typescript-mode . ((typescript-indent-level . 2))))
|
11
docs/.vuepress/client.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
|
import { defineClientConfig } from '@vuepress/client';
|
||||||
|
import ImgFigure from './components/ImgFigure.vue';
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
export default defineClientConfig({
|
||||||
|
enhance({app}) {
|
||||||
|
app.component('ImgFigure', ImgFigure);
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
setup() {},
|
||||||
|
layouts: {},
|
||||||
|
rootComponents: [],
|
||||||
|
})
|
20
docs/.vuepress/components/ImgFigure.vue
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
|||||||
|
<template>
|
||||||
|
<img :alt="alt" :src="src" />
|
||||||
|
<figcaption><slot></slot></figcaption>
|
||||||
|
</template>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<script setup lang="ts">
|
||||||
|
const props = defineProps<{
|
||||||
|
src: string;
|
||||||
|
alt?: string;
|
||||||
|
caption: string;
|
||||||
|
}>();
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<style>
|
||||||
|
figcaption {
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 1rem;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 1rem;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
</style>
|
87
docs/.vuepress/config.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
|
|||||||
|
import { defineUserConfig, defaultTheme } from "vuepress";
|
||||||
|
import { removeHtmlExtensionPlugin } from "vuepress-plugin-remove-html-extension";
|
||||||
|
import head from "./head";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
export default defineUserConfig({
|
||||||
|
lang: "en-US",
|
||||||
|
title: "Phundrak's Conlangs",
|
||||||
|
head: head,
|
||||||
|
description: "Documentation of the constructed languages made by Phundrak",
|
||||||
|
markdown: {
|
||||||
|
html: false,
|
||||||
|
linkify: true,
|
||||||
|
typographer: true,
|
||||||
|
headers: {
|
||||||
|
level: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
plugins: [removeHtmlExtensionPlugin()],
|
||||||
|
theme: defaultTheme({
|
||||||
|
sidebarDepth: 5,
|
||||||
|
repo: "https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/conlang.phundrak.com",
|
||||||
|
sidebar: [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Index",
|
||||||
|
link: "/",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Eittlandic",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/",
|
||||||
|
collapsible: true,
|
||||||
|
children: [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "The Country",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/country",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Linguistic Typology",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/typology",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Phonology",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/phonology",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Syntax",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/syntax",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Dictionary",
|
||||||
|
link: "/eittlandic/dictionary",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Proto-Ñyqy",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/",
|
||||||
|
collapsible: true,
|
||||||
|
children: [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Introduction",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/introduction",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Culture and People",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/culture-and-people",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Linguistic Typology",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/typology",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Phonology",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/phonology",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Syntax",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/syntax",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
text: "Dictionary",
|
||||||
|
link: "/proto-nyqy/dictionary",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
}),
|
||||||
|
});
|
128
docs/.vuepress/head.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
|
|||||||
|
interface SimplifiedHeader {
|
||||||
|
tag: string;
|
||||||
|
content: [any];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const simplifiedHead = [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
tag: "meta",
|
||||||
|
content: [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
name: "author",
|
||||||
|
content: "Lucien Cartier-Tilet",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
property: "og:image",
|
||||||
|
content: "https://cdn.phundrak.com/img/rich_preview.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
property: "org:title",
|
||||||
|
content: "P’undrak’s Conlangs",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
property: "og:description",
|
||||||
|
content: "Documentation of P’undrak’s constructed languages",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
name: "twitter:card",
|
||||||
|
content: "summary",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
name: "twitter:site",
|
||||||
|
content: "@phundrak",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
name: "twitter:creator",
|
||||||
|
content: "@phundrak",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{ name: "msapplication-TileColor", content: "#3b4252" },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "msapplication-TileImage", content: "/ms-icon-144x144.png" },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "theme-color", content: "#3b4252" },
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
tag: "link",
|
||||||
|
content: [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "57x57",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-57x57.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "60x60",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-60x60.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "72x72",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-72x72.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "76x76",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-76x76.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "114x114",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-114x114.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "120x120",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-120x120.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "144x144",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-144x144.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "152x152",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-152x152.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "apple-touch-icon",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "180x180",
|
||||||
|
href: "/apple-icon-180x180.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "icon",
|
||||||
|
type: "image/png",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "192x192",
|
||||||
|
href: "/android-icon-192x192.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "icon",
|
||||||
|
type: "image/png",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "32x32",
|
||||||
|
href: "/favicon-32x32.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "icon",
|
||||||
|
type: "image/png",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "96x96",
|
||||||
|
href: "/favicon-96x96.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rel: "icon",
|
||||||
|
type: "image/png",
|
||||||
|
sizes: "16x16",
|
||||||
|
href: "/favicon-16x16.png",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{ rel: "manifest", href: "/manifest.json" },
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let head = [];
|
||||||
|
simplifiedHead.map((tag: SimplifiedHeader) => {
|
||||||
|
let tagName = tag.tag;
|
||||||
|
tag.content.forEach((element) => {
|
||||||
|
head.push([tagName, element]);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
export default head;
|
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-144x144.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 28 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-192x192.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 45 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-36x36.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 3.9 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-48x48.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 5.6 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-72x72.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 9.8 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/android-icon-96x96.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-114x114.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 20 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-120x120.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 21 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-144x144.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 28 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-152x152.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 31 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-180x180.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 41 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-57x57.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 7.0 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-60x60.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 7.5 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-72x72.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 9.8 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-76x76.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 11 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon-precomposed.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 46 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/apple-icon.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 46 KiB |
2
docs/.vuepress/public/browserconfig.xml
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||||||
|
<browserconfig><msapplication><tile><square70x70logo src="/ms-icon-70x70.png"/><square150x150logo src="/ms-icon-150x150.png"/><square310x310logo src="/ms-icon-310x310.png"/><TileColor>#eceff4</TileColor></tile></msapplication></browserconfig>
|
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/favicon-16x16.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 2.1 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/favicon-32x32.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 3.4 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/favicon-96x96.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/favicon.ico
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 1.1 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/Eittland.wonderdraft_map
Normal file
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/air_army.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
74
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/air_army.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="air_army.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.2.1 (9c6d41e410, 2022-07-14, custom)"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="air_army.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="300"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1830"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="974"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="142.11864"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="125.59322"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="45"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="61"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:showpageshadow="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pagecheckerboard="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:deskcolor="#d1d1d1" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2" />
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none;stroke-width:0.447036"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 179.0943,52.430077 c -4.69253,4.528473 -11.91976,7.532107 -18.65212,7.752496 -0.92179,0.0304 -1.67639,0.06929 -1.67639,0.08673 0,0.103712 0.70006,1.78412 0.95845,2.300447 0.49665,0.992867 1.64062,2.810961 3.17082,5.039435 2.81186,4.095296 4.14581,6.467269 4.83961,8.604994 0.49577,1.527075 0.61647,5.390359 0.28432,9.074829 -0.0268,0.295044 -0.20609,2.206122 -0.39876,4.246841 -0.19267,2.040719 -0.40099,4.313896 -0.46268,5.051505 -0.13366,1.590107 -0.14126,6.651896 -0.0121,7.733726 0.10192,0.85026 -4.5e-4,9.78025 -0.15467,13.54519 -0.1891,4.60938 -0.709,7.84905 -1.76177,10.97786 l -0.41485,1.23248 -0.7023,0.671 c -4.11675,3.93302 -17.23591,7.03947 -29.75426,7.04484 -5.01887,0.002 -8.46999,-0.51679 -23.43809,-3.52399 -1.45778,-0.29281 -2.69473,-0.53242 -2.74927,-0.53242 -0.13456,0 -0.12562,0.75594 0.0353,2.88561 0.37864,5.01529 0.93251,8.30637 2.91691,17.3204 1.62721,7.39308 2.2772,10.75704 2.84627,14.73431 0.10059,0.70274 0.18284,1.29105 0.18284,1.30624 0,0.0156 0.35182,0.0559 0.78231,0.0894 8.99928,0.70498 16.29759,2.13505 23.4001,4.58525 13.01232,4.48778 22.15286,6.90492 28.52312,7.54194 5.36175,0.536 10.10525,3.3939 12.6994,7.65102 0.19848,0.32588 0.39831,0.59277 0.44346,0.59277 0.0452,0 0.24497,-0.26688 0.44346,-0.59277 2.59415,-4.25712 7.33764,-7.11502 12.69939,-7.65102 6.37026,-0.63702 15.51081,-3.05415 28.52313,-7.54194 7.1025,-2.4502 14.40081,-3.88027 23.40009,-4.58525 0.4305,-0.0335 0.78231,-0.0738 0.78231,-0.0894 0,-0.0152 0.0823,-0.6035 0.18284,-1.30624 0.56908,-3.97728 1.21907,-7.34123 2.84628,-14.73431 1.98439,-9.01402 2.53827,-12.30511 2.91691,-17.3204 0.16093,-2.12968 0.16987,-2.88561 0.0353,-2.88561 -0.0545,0 -1.29148,0.23961 -2.74927,0.53242 -14.9681,3.0072 -18.41922,3.52621 -23.43809,3.52399 -12.51834,-0.005 -25.63751,-3.11182 -29.75426,-7.04484 l -0.70229,-0.671 -0.41485,-1.23248 c -1.05277,-3.12881 -1.57268,-6.36848 -1.76177,-10.97786 -0.15423,-3.76494 -0.2566,-12.69493 -0.15468,-13.54519 0.1292,-1.08183 0.1216,-6.143619 -0.0121,-7.733726 -0.0617,-0.737609 -0.27001,-3.010786 -0.46268,-5.051505 -0.19267,-2.040719 -0.37193,-3.951797 -0.39875,-4.246841 -0.71616,-7.941593 -0.0979,-10.074848 5.12392,-17.679823 1.5302,-2.228474 2.67417,-4.046568 3.17083,-5.039435 0.25838,-0.516327 0.95844,-2.196735 0.95844,-2.300447 0,-0.01743 -0.75415,-0.05633 -1.67638,-0.08673 -6.73192,-0.220389 -13.94395,-3.217317 -18.65034,-7.750261 l -0.90882,-0.875296 -0.90436,0.873061" />
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.4 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/cons-feature-tree.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 214 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag-vertical.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 74 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag-vertical.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 22 KiB |
86
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag-vertical.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="/home/phundrak/Documents/conlanging/content/img/eittland/flag-vertical.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.0 (4035a4fb49, 2020-05-01)"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="flag-vertical.svg"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
height="360"
|
||||||
|
width="240"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
version="1.0">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
<dc:title />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="24"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="1924"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="185.10955"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="3.5359233"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="1052"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="2532"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
id="rect2"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0,1,1,0,0,0)" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0,1,1,0,0,0)"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon4"
|
||||||
|
fill="#00335b"
|
||||||
|
points="360,240 360,0 0,240 " />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0,1,1,0,0,0)"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon6"
|
||||||
|
fill="#108042"
|
||||||
|
points="0,200 0,240 40,240 360,40 360,0 320,0 " />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(-0.44703589,0,0,0.44703589,210.07773,90.884735)">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.2 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 68 KiB |
84
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="flag.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.0 (4035a4fb49, 2020-05-01)">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
<dc:title></dc:title>
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1920"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="1060"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="176.16304"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="125.10955"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="20"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 0,240 360,240 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#00335b"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon4" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 320,0 0,200 0,240 40,240 360,40 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#108042"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon6" />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0.44703589,0,0,0.44703589,89.922265,30.884735)"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.0 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag_nord.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 55 KiB |
92
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/flag_nord.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="flag_nord.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.2.1 (9c6d41e410, 2022-07-14, custom)"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="flag_nord.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="512"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="512"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1830"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="974"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="176.69491"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="125.59322"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="45"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="61"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:showpageshadow="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pagecheckerboard="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:deskcolor="#d1d1d1" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#bf616a;fill-opacity:1" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 0,240 360,240 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#00335b"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon4"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#5e81ab;fill-opacity:1" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 320,0 0,200 0,240 40,240 360,40 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#108042"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon6"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#a3be8c;fill-opacity:1" />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0.44703589,0,0,0.44703589,89.922265,30.884735)"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.3 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/floating_flag.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 2.1 MiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/land_army.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
82
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/land_army.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="land_army.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.2.1 (9c6d41e410, 2022-07-14, custom)"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="land_army.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="300"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1830"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="974"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="142.11864"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="126.10169"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="45"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="61"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:showpageshadow="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pagecheckerboard="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:deskcolor="#d1d1d1" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#108042;fill-opacity:1" />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0.44703589,0,0,0.44703589,89.922265,30.884735)"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.0 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-biomes-with-ice.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 772 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-biomes.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 739 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-cultural.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 796 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-heightmap.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 748 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-hq.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 274 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-physical.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 864 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-political.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 1.1 MiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-provinces.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 755 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-religion.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 958 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-simple.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 389 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/map-world.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 103 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/navy.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
82
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/navy.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="navy.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.2.1 (9c6d41e410, 2022-07-14, custom)"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="navy.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="300"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1830"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="974"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="138.05085"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="126.10169"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="45"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="61"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:showpageshadow="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pagecheckerboard="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:deskcolor="#d1d1d1" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#00335b;fill-opacity:1" />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(0.44703589,0,0,0.44703589,89.922265,30.884735)"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.0 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/queen_niall.jpg
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 36 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/religions.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 7.3 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/religious-pop.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 21 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/religious-refugees.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 6.4 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/sacrifice.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 121 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/vowel-feature-tree.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 101 KiB |
1
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/vowels.png
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
|||||||
|
[[file:img/eittland/vowels.png]]
|
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/war_flag.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 20 KiB |
89
docs/.vuepress/public/img/eittlandic/war_flag.svg
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
|
|||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
version="1.0"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
id="svg8"
|
||||||
|
sodipodi:docname="war_flag.svg"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:version="1.2.1 (9c6d41e410, 2022-07-14, custom)"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-filename="war_flag.png"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="300"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="300"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:sodipodi="http://sodipodi.sourceforge.net/DTD/sodipodi-0.dtd"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
|
||||||
|
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
|
||||||
|
<metadata
|
||||||
|
id="metadata14">
|
||||||
|
<rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
<cc:Work
|
||||||
|
rdf:about="">
|
||||||
|
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
|
||||||
|
<dc:type
|
||||||
|
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
|
||||||
|
</cc:Work>
|
||||||
|
</rdf:RDF>
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<defs
|
||||||
|
id="defs12" />
|
||||||
|
<sodipodi:namedview
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-bottom="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-right="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-left="0"
|
||||||
|
fit-margin-top="0"
|
||||||
|
pagecolor="#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
bordercolor="#666666"
|
||||||
|
borderopacity="1"
|
||||||
|
objecttolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
gridtolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
guidetolerance="10"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageopacity="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-width="1830"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-height="974"
|
||||||
|
id="namedview10"
|
||||||
|
showgrid="false"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:zoom="1.9666667"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cx="176.69491"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:cy="125.59322"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-x="45"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-y="61"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:window-maximized="1"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:current-layer="svg8"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:document-rotation="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:showpageshadow="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:pagecheckerboard="0"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:deskcolor="#d1d1d1" />
|
||||||
|
<rect
|
||||||
|
width="360"
|
||||||
|
height="240"
|
||||||
|
x="0"
|
||||||
|
y="0"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ce1126"
|
||||||
|
id="rect2" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 0,240 360,240 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#00335b"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon4" />
|
||||||
|
<polygon
|
||||||
|
points="360,0 320,0 0,200 0,240 40,240 360,40 "
|
||||||
|
fill="#108042"
|
||||||
|
id="polygon6" />
|
||||||
|
<g
|
||||||
|
transform="matrix(-0.44703589,0,0,-0.44703589,270.07773,209.11526)"
|
||||||
|
id="svgg"
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-xdpi="1066"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:export-ydpi="1066">
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
style="fill:#ffffff;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:none"
|
||||||
|
inkscape:connector-curvature="0"
|
||||||
|
id="path0"
|
||||||
|
d="m 199.474,48.196 c -10.497,10.13 -26.664,16.849 -41.724,17.342 -2.062,0.068 -3.75,0.155 -3.75,0.194 0,0.232 1.566,3.991 2.144,5.146 1.111,2.221 3.67,6.288 7.093,11.273 6.29,9.161 9.274,14.467 10.826,19.249 1.109,3.416 1.379,12.058 0.636,20.3 -0.06,0.66 -0.461,4.935 -0.892,9.5 -0.431,4.565 -0.897,9.65 -1.035,11.3 -0.299,3.557 -0.316,14.88 -0.027,17.3 0.228,1.902 -0.001,21.878 -0.346,30.3 -0.423,10.311 -1.586,17.558 -3.941,24.557 l -0.928,2.757 -1.571,1.501 c -9.209,8.798 -38.556,15.747 -66.559,15.759 -11.227,0.005 -18.947,-1.156 -52.43,-7.883 -3.261,-0.655 -6.028,-1.191 -6.15,-1.191 -0.301,0 -0.281,1.691 0.079,6.455 0.847,11.219 2.086,18.581 6.525,38.745 3.64,16.538 5.094,24.063 6.367,32.96 0.225,1.572 0.409,2.888 0.409,2.922 0,0.035 0.787,0.125 1.75,0.2 20.131,1.577 36.457,4.776 52.345,10.257 29.108,10.039 49.555,15.446 63.805,16.871 11.994,1.199 22.605,7.592 28.408,17.115 0.444,0.729 0.891,1.326 0.992,1.326 0.101,0 0.548,-0.597 0.992,-1.326 5.803,-9.523 16.414,-15.916 28.408,-17.115 14.25,-1.425 34.697,-6.832 63.805,-16.871 15.888,-5.481 32.214,-8.68 52.345,-10.257 0.963,-0.075 1.75,-0.165 1.75,-0.2 0,-0.034 0.184,-1.35 0.409,-2.922 1.273,-8.897 2.727,-16.422 6.367,-32.96 4.439,-20.164 5.678,-27.526 6.525,-38.745 0.36,-4.764 0.38,-6.455 0.079,-6.455 -0.122,0 -2.889,0.536 -6.15,1.191 -33.483,6.727 -41.203,7.888 -52.43,7.883 -28.003,-0.012 -57.35,-6.961 -66.559,-15.759 l -1.571,-1.501 -0.928,-2.757 c -2.355,-6.999 -3.518,-14.246 -3.941,-24.557 -0.345,-8.422 -0.574,-28.398 -0.346,-30.3 0.289,-2.42 0.272,-13.743 -0.027,-17.3 -0.138,-1.65 -0.604,-6.735 -1.035,-11.3 -0.431,-4.565 -0.832,-8.84 -0.892,-9.5 -1.602,-17.765 -0.219,-22.537 11.462,-39.549 3.423,-4.985 5.982,-9.052 7.093,-11.273 0.578,-1.155 2.144,-4.914 2.144,-5.146 0,-0.039 -1.687,-0.126 -3.75,-0.194 -15.059,-0.493 -31.192,-7.197 -41.72,-17.337 l -2.033,-1.958 -2.023,1.953" />
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.2 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/icon.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 42 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/icon.webp
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 6.3 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/proto-nyqy/colors.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 240 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/proto-nyqy/consonant-feature-tree.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 151 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/proto-nyqy/nyqy-family-tree.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 156 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/img/proto-nyqy/vowel-feature-tree.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 59 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/ms-icon-144x144.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 28 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/ms-icon-150x150.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 30 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/ms-icon-310x310.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 94 KiB |
BIN
docs/.vuepress/public/ms-icon-70x70.png
Normal file
After Width: | Height: | Size: 9.4 KiB |
174
docs/.vuepress/styles/index.scss
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
|
|||||||
|
/*
|
||||||
|
* Nord Theme:
|
||||||
|
* - Copyright (c) 2016-present Arctic Ice Studio <development@arcticicestudio.com>
|
||||||
|
* - Copyright (c) 2016-present Sven Greb <development@svengreb.de>
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
:root {
|
||||||
|
--nord0: #2e3440;
|
||||||
|
--nord1: #3b4252;
|
||||||
|
--nord2: #434c5e;
|
||||||
|
--nord3: #4c566a;
|
||||||
|
--nord4: #d8dee9;
|
||||||
|
--nord5: #e5e9f0;
|
||||||
|
--nord6: #eceff4;
|
||||||
|
--nord7: #8fbcbb;
|
||||||
|
--nord8: #88c0d0;
|
||||||
|
--nord9: #81a1c1;
|
||||||
|
--nord10: #5e81ac;
|
||||||
|
--nord11: #bf616a;
|
||||||
|
--nord12: #d08770;
|
||||||
|
--nord13: #ebcb8b;
|
||||||
|
--nord14: #a3be8c;
|
||||||
|
--nord15: #b48ead;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
scroll-behavior: smooth;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// brand colors
|
||||||
|
--c-brand: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
--c-brand-light: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// background colors
|
||||||
|
--c-bg: var(--nord6);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-light: var(--nord6);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-lighter: var(--nord5);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-dark: var(--nord5);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-darker: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-navbar: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-sidebar: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-arrow: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// text colors
|
||||||
|
--c-text: var(--nord1);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-accent: var(--c-brand);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-light: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-lighter: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-lightest: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-quote: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// border colors
|
||||||
|
--c-border: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
--c-border-dark: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// custom container colors
|
||||||
|
--c-tip: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
--c-tip-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-tip-title: var(--c-text);
|
||||||
|
--c-tip-text: var(--c-text);
|
||||||
|
--c-tip-text-accent: var(--c-text-accent);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg-light: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg-lighter: var(--c-bg-lighter);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-border-dark: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-details-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-title: var(--nord12);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text: var(--nord12);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-accent: var(--nord12);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-light: var(--nord12);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-quote: var(--nord12);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--c-danger: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg-light: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg-lighter: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-border-dark: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-details-bg: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-title: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-accent: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-light: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-quote: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--c-details-bg: var(--c-bg-lighter);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// badge component colors
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-tip: var(--c-tip);
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-warning: var(--c-warning);
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-warning-text: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-danger: var(--c-danger);
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-danger-text: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// transition vars
|
||||||
|
--t-color: 0.3s ease;
|
||||||
|
--t-transform: 0.3s ease;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// code blocks vars
|
||||||
|
--code-bg-color: var(--nord0);
|
||||||
|
--code-hl-bg-color: var(--nord1);
|
||||||
|
--code-ln-color: #9e9e9e;
|
||||||
|
--code-ln-wrapper-width: 3.5rem;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// font vars
|
||||||
|
--font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen,
|
||||||
|
Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
|
||||||
|
--font-family-code: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// layout vars
|
||||||
|
--navbar-height: 3.6rem;
|
||||||
|
--navbar-padding-v: 0.7rem;
|
||||||
|
--navbar-padding-h: 1.5rem;
|
||||||
|
--sidebar-width: 20rem;
|
||||||
|
--sidebar-width-mobile: calc(var(--sidebar-width) * 0.82);
|
||||||
|
--content-width: 740px;
|
||||||
|
--homepage-width: 960px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
html.dark {
|
||||||
|
// brand colors
|
||||||
|
--c-brand: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
--c-brand-light: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// background colors
|
||||||
|
--c-bg: var(--nord1);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-light: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-lighter: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-dark: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
--c-bg-darker: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// text colors
|
||||||
|
--c-text: var(--nord4);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-light: var(--nord5);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-lighter: var(--nord5);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-lightest: var(--nord6);
|
||||||
|
--c-text-quote: var(--c-text);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// border colors
|
||||||
|
--c-border: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
--c-border-dark: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// custom container colors
|
||||||
|
--c-tip: var(--nord14);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg-light: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-bg-lighter: var(--c-bg-lighter);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-border-dark: var(--nord3);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-details-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-title: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-accent: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-light: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
--c-warning-text-quote: var(--nord13);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--c-danger: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg: var(--c-bg);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg-light: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-bg-lighter: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-border-dark: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-details-bg: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-title: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-accent: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-light: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
--c-danger-text-quote: var(--nord11);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--c-details-bg: var(--c-bg-light);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// badge component colors
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-warning-text: var(--nord0);
|
||||||
|
--c-badge-danger-text: var(--nord0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// code blocks vars
|
||||||
|
--code-hl-bg-color: var(--nord2);
|
||||||
|
}
|
5
docs/.vuepress/themeLocales.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
|
const themeLocales = {
|
||||||
|
"/": {
|
||||||
|
sidebar: ["/index.md", "/eittlandic/index.md"],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
};
|
562
docs/eittlandic/country.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+title: The Country of Eittland
|
||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* The Country of Eittland
|
||||||
|
** Eittlandic Geography
|
||||||
|
Eittland is an active volcanic island. In its center we can find the
|
||||||
|
most active volcanoes, surrounded by glaciers and some regular
|
||||||
|
mountains. It is surrounded by some taiga, taiga plains covered mainly
|
||||||
|
by ashen pines (/pinus fraxinus/), and a large cold desert covering most
|
||||||
|
of the center of the island and its northern eastern part. Outside of
|
||||||
|
this largely unpopulated region, Eastern Eittland mainly consists of
|
||||||
|
grasslands with some temperate rainforests on its southern shores as
|
||||||
|
well as some occasional wetland and marshes. On the other hand,
|
||||||
|
Western Eittland has a lot more temperate deciduos forests, temperate
|
||||||
|
rainforests and some more wetlands and marshes still. Three small cold
|
||||||
|
deserts spawn in Western Eittland, including one north east of
|
||||||
|
Đeberget not far from the city. More details can be found in the map
|
||||||
|
below. Overall, the southern and western parts of Eittland can be
|
||||||
|
compared to Scotland in terms of temperatures, or a warmer Iceland.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/map-biomes.png">Biomes of the Eittlandic Island</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Eastern Eittland is also recognizable by its great amount of flat
|
||||||
|
shorelines, especially in its northern and eastern parts which are part
|
||||||
|
of the more recent paths of lava flows. On the other hand, its few
|
||||||
|
fjords and the numerous fjords found in the western part of the island
|
||||||
|
are characteristic of much older parts of Eittland. The Fjord
|
||||||
|
themselves were formed during the last ice age, while the smoother
|
||||||
|
shore lines formed since. Western Eittland also has two main bays
|
||||||
|
which are two very old caldeira volcanoes. It is not known whether
|
||||||
|
they will be one day active again or not.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Culture
|
||||||
|
The Eittlandic people share a common basis for their culture which
|
||||||
|
remained rather conservative for much longer than the other nordic
|
||||||
|
people due to its resistance towards Christianity conversion. The
|
||||||
|
number of people adhering to Norse beliefs remained very high through
|
||||||
|
the ages and only recently began declining, going from 93% of
|
||||||
|
Eittlanders declaring themselves follower of the Norse Faith in 1950
|
||||||
|
to 68% in 2019. This decline is also due to either people converting
|
||||||
|
to a religion or due to the immigration boom from the last seventy
|
||||||
|
years, though the main reason is the decline in people identifying to
|
||||||
|
any faith at all --- the number of atheists went from only 2% of
|
||||||
|
Eittlanders in 1940 to 15% in 2019. The evolution of the religious
|
||||||
|
population is shown in the chart below, and a geographical
|
||||||
|
distribution of these in 2019 can be found in the map following the
|
||||||
|
chart --- note that only the main religion is shown in a particular
|
||||||
|
area and religions with less people in said area are not shown. You
|
||||||
|
can also see on said map the population repartition of Eittland.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+headers: :cache yes :exports none
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src gnuplot :file img/eittlandic/religions.png :var data=eittland-religions
|
||||||
|
set title "Religions in Eittland since 1950"
|
||||||
|
set title boxed offset 0,0 font ",15"
|
||||||
|
set key invert reverse Left outside
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
set yrange [0:100]
|
||||||
|
set grid y
|
||||||
|
set ylabel "Percentage"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
set border 3
|
||||||
|
set style data histograms
|
||||||
|
set style histogram rowstacked
|
||||||
|
set style fill solid border -1
|
||||||
|
set boxwidth 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
plot data u 2:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Norse Faith', \
|
||||||
|
data u 3:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Atheism', \
|
||||||
|
data u 4:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Church of Eittland', \
|
||||||
|
data u 5:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Christianity', \
|
||||||
|
data u 6:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Buddhism', \
|
||||||
|
data u 7:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Other'
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/religions.png">Religious Evolution of Eittland Since 1900</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/map-religion.png">Religious population of Eittland in 2019</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There is also a regional cultural difference between Western, Eastern,
|
||||||
|
and Southern Eittland marked with some differences in traditions and
|
||||||
|
language. There is currently a nationalist movement in Southern
|
||||||
|
Eittland so a new state is created within the Kingdom of Eittland. The
|
||||||
|
repartition of the different eittlandic cultures is shown in the map
|
||||||
|
below.
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/map-cultural.png">Cultural Map of Eittland</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Standard Eittlandic is a relatively young language, created in the
|
||||||
|
1960s by the government in order to create a standard dialect to
|
||||||
|
facilitate communications between Eittlanders and make learning the
|
||||||
|
language easier. Standard Eittlandic is now enforced as the /de facto/
|
||||||
|
legal language of the High Kingdom of Eittland, used by its
|
||||||
|
government, schools, and universities, but the local dialects are
|
||||||
|
still widely spoken privately and in business which remains regional.
|
||||||
|
They still have a strong presence in popular media and are still
|
||||||
|
spoken by younger generations, however, a decline has been registered
|
||||||
|
since the 90s among young people living in cities, speaking more and
|
||||||
|
more in Standard Eittlandic instead. Dialects are also rarely used on
|
||||||
|
the internet outside of private conversation. An estimate of 17% of
|
||||||
|
the Eittlandic population younger than 25 in 2017 do not speak any
|
||||||
|
dialectal Eittlandic outside of Standard Eittlandic, although only 2%
|
||||||
|
of them do not understand their family’s dialectal Eittlandic.
|
||||||
|
Standard Eittlandic also became the default dialect for Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
communities living outside of Eittland --- in these communities the
|
||||||
|
inability of speaking other dialects rise to 61% while the ability to
|
||||||
|
understand them rises to 25% among Eittlanders younger than 25 in 2018
|
||||||
|
and who still have Eittlandic as their mother tongue.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It is estimated only 0.05% of people living in Eittland do not speak
|
||||||
|
any Eittlandic dialect, all of them being immigrants or children of
|
||||||
|
immigrants. It is therefore safe to say Eittlandic is still going
|
||||||
|
strong and does not face any risk of disappearing anytime soon,
|
||||||
|
although we might be at the start of the decline of the historical
|
||||||
|
dialects of Eittland in favor of Standard Eittlandic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In this document, you will see references to both Standard Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
and Modern Eittlandic. Although some people use the terms
|
||||||
|
interchangeably, they are not. /Standard Eittlandic/ refers to the
|
||||||
|
official dialect described above, while /Modern Eittlandic/ refers to
|
||||||
|
all modern dialects of Eittlandic. This document focuses on Modern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic in general, and when details about specific dialects are
|
||||||
|
given, the name of said dialect will be shared.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Name of the Country
|
||||||
|
The origins of the name of Eittland are unclear, two main theories
|
||||||
|
exist regarding its etymology.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first theory says the root of the name of “Eittland” is the
|
||||||
|
accusative of /einn/ (Old Norse /one/, /alone/) and /land/ (Old Norse /country/,
|
||||||
|
/land/. This is due to how remote it seemed to the people who
|
||||||
|
discovered, before Iceland and Greenland were known. Hence, a possible
|
||||||
|
translation of “Eittland” can be /Lonely Land/. The term “Eittlandic” is
|
||||||
|
relatively transparent considering the term “Icelandic” for “Iceland”
|
||||||
|
and “Greenlandic” for “Greenland”.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
However, the second but least probable theory is the island is named
|
||||||
|
after /eitr/, a mythical poison from which the first Jøtunn Ymir was
|
||||||
|
created. Eittland’s waters near the volcanoes containing high amounts
|
||||||
|
of sulfur, a poison, could be what named the island. This association
|
||||||
|
with poison, as well as the association to the place where it was
|
||||||
|
found, /Ginnungagap/, could have acted as a deterrent to prevent people
|
||||||
|
outsiders from coming.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This last theory’s first recorded mention is from the 18th century,
|
||||||
|
while the first theory appears to be much older, and therefore much
|
||||||
|
more likely. It is possible the latter was thought of as a way to
|
||||||
|
re-invigorate Eittland’s identity as a pagan country unlike its other
|
||||||
|
Nordic counterparts, maybe even as a fearsome country.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Although the country is known as Eittland, the island itself bears a
|
||||||
|
few other names. Early records show the island being referred to as
|
||||||
|
/Vestrheim/ by early settlers, meaning /West Home/, and its inhabitants
|
||||||
|
being referred to as /Vestrheiming/ and /Vestrheimingjar/ (singular and
|
||||||
|
plural respectively). Around the same time, settlers living closer to
|
||||||
|
the mountains would also call the inner lands /Fjallheim/, meaning
|
||||||
|
/Mountain Home/, which stuck until now as a name for the Northwestern
|
||||||
|
peninsula of Eittland. Lastly, the name /Eldøy/, /Fire Island/, was used
|
||||||
|
to refer both to Eittland and Iceland due to their volcanic activity.
|
||||||
|
Nowadays, the name morphed into /Eldfjall/ to refer to the volcanic
|
||||||
|
cluster at the center of the Island.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** History
|
||||||
|
*** Early Eittlandic History (7th-12th centuries)
|
||||||
|
According to historical records, Eittland was first found in 763 by
|
||||||
|
Norwegian explorers. Its first settlement appeared in 782 on its
|
||||||
|
eastern shores with hopes of finding new farmland. The population grew
|
||||||
|
rapidly after the discovery of the southern shores, and in 915
|
||||||
|
Eittland became self-governing with Ásmundr Úlfsonn declared the first
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic king. However, in order to avoid any unnecessary conflicts,
|
||||||
|
the new king swore allegiance to the Norwegian king Harald I
|
||||||
|
Halfdansson. Eittland thus became a vassal state to the Norwegian
|
||||||
|
crown while retaining autonomy from it, which was granted due to the
|
||||||
|
distance between the two countries.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Shortly after however, the beginning of the christianisation of the
|
||||||
|
nordic countries and especially of Norway created a new immigration
|
||||||
|
boost in Eittland with norsemen seeking a pagan land untouched by
|
||||||
|
christian faith. In 935, a year after Haakon I Haraldsson became king
|
||||||
|
of Norway and began trying to introduce Christianity to its people,
|
||||||
|
the newly crowned king Áleifr I Ásmundson of Eittland adopted a new
|
||||||
|
law forbidding the Christian faith to be imported, promoted, and
|
||||||
|
practiced in Eittland. This decision forever weakened the alliance
|
||||||
|
between the two countries and detariorated their relationship.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As more and more people in Eittland were moving to its western part
|
||||||
|
due to larger opportunities with its farmlands, king Áleifr I chose in
|
||||||
|
936 to move the capital of Eittland from Hylfjaltr to Đeberget and
|
||||||
|
split in half the country. He appointed his brother Steingrímr, later
|
||||||
|
known as Steingrímr I Áleifsbróðr, as his co-ruler and gave him
|
||||||
|
authority over Eastern Eittland while he kept ruling himself over
|
||||||
|
Western Eittland. This choice is due to the difficulty of going from
|
||||||
|
one side of the island to the other by land --- lava flows often
|
||||||
|
forcefully close and destroy paths joining the two parts together.
|
||||||
|
This gave birth to the two states of the Kingdom of Đeberget (also
|
||||||
|
called the /Western Eittlandic Kingdom/) and the Kingdom of Hylfjaltr
|
||||||
|
(also called the /Eastern Eittlandic Kingdom/). More on that in
|
||||||
|
[[Political Organization][#Political-Organization]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Crusades and Independence (13th century - 1400)
|
||||||
|
As soon as the 13th century, and through the 14th century, the
|
||||||
|
Teutonic Order and the Livonian Order, backed by the Holy Roman
|
||||||
|
Empire, proposed crusades against Eittland to get rid of its norse
|
||||||
|
faith. However, these never came to be due to the distance between
|
||||||
|
Eittland and mainland Europe, despite the papal authorisations in
|
||||||
|
1228, 1257, 1289, 1325, and 1367.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In 1397, the creation of the Kalmar Union kicked a new crusade, this
|
||||||
|
time backed by the Union itself as well as the Teutonic Order --- Eric
|
||||||
|
of Pomerania aimed to unify his country both religiously by getting
|
||||||
|
rid of the norse faith in Eittland and politically by getting rid of
|
||||||
|
its established monarchy. A contingent sailed to Eittland to submit
|
||||||
|
the island, however they were met with fierce resistance by the locals
|
||||||
|
on arrival. Estimates show that while some 2.400 Eittlandic people
|
||||||
|
died during this first invasion, most of the 3.000 men sent were
|
||||||
|
either killed or taken prisoners.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In 1398, a new contingent of 12.000 men landed in Eittland. This time,
|
||||||
|
a much more prepared army of 14.000 men faced them on a battlefield
|
||||||
|
east of the eastern capital of Hyfjaltr. This resulted in an
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic victory, however the Monarch of Hylfjaltr Eiríkr IV
|
||||||
|
Ásgeirsbróðr lost his life during the battle. Coincidentally, the High
|
||||||
|
King Ásgeirr I Biœrgson died of unknown causes around the same time.
|
||||||
|
Historians still debate whether it is due to the ongoing conflict, and
|
||||||
|
if it is by who. Theories range from poisoning by spies from the
|
||||||
|
Kalmar Union, to assassination by the next rulers, to a much more
|
||||||
|
simple, unknown health condition which coincided with the ongoing
|
||||||
|
events.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
During the same year, the Althing elected Arvid I Geirson as the new
|
||||||
|
High King who nominated his brother Havardr I Arvidbróðr as the
|
||||||
|
Monarch of Hylfjaltr. While the previous monarchs took a more
|
||||||
|
defensive approach, they chose to become much more aggressive,
|
||||||
|
striving for independence. After demands were sent to the Kalmar
|
||||||
|
Union, Eittland began a series of raids on its territories, ranging
|
||||||
|
from Iceland to the Faroese Islands to even two raids in Norway and
|
||||||
|
Denmark. These raids only aimed trade and military ships but severely
|
||||||
|
handicaped the Union’s marine.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On September 17th, 1400 High King Arvid Geirson of Eittland and King
|
||||||
|
Erik of the Kalmar Union met in Reykjavik to sign the Treaty of
|
||||||
|
Reykjavik, during which the Kalmar Union recognized the independence
|
||||||
|
of Eittland and renounced its claims to the island. On the other hand,
|
||||||
|
Eittland ceeded its Greenlandic colonies to the Kalmar Union. Both
|
||||||
|
parties agreed to end the hostilities towards one another.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
While the Union no longer launched any crusades against Eittland, the
|
||||||
|
Teutonic Order attempted to land again in 1407 with 4.000 men.
|
||||||
|
Although the Kingdom of Hylfjaltr took a devastating blow during the
|
||||||
|
initial days of the crusade, loosing well over 6.000 men, the invaders
|
||||||
|
were ultimately defeated thanks to reinforcement from the Kingdom of
|
||||||
|
Ðeberget. This marked the end of crusades in Eittland.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** The Absolute Monarchy (1400-1852)
|
||||||
|
Once independent, Eittland quickly became isolated among the European
|
||||||
|
nations due as it was percieved as a pagan nation by the rest of the
|
||||||
|
continent. For over a century, the country had to be almost entirely
|
||||||
|
self-sufficient. This lead to a more in-depth survey of the resources
|
||||||
|
of the land launched in 1421. Large quantities of iron were discovered
|
||||||
|
in 1432 in Western Eittland in the geologically older parts of the
|
||||||
|
island as well as copper and some gold.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Unfortunately for the island, no coal deposit ever got found, the
|
||||||
|
islanders turned to charcoal instead. During the following century, an
|
||||||
|
important deforestation of Eittland took place until the royal decree
|
||||||
|
of 1542 was proclaimed in order to protect the forests. It ruled that
|
||||||
|
for each tree felled in the next hundred years, four shall be planted,
|
||||||
|
and only one once the period ended. The only exceptions were for
|
||||||
|
creating new pastures with the condition of the request being
|
||||||
|
submitted and accepted by the local Jarl and its government.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The discovery of important marble deposits in the geologically more
|
||||||
|
recent parts of the island in 1512 was the event that reopened trades
|
||||||
|
with the continent. England was the first country to openly trade with
|
||||||
|
Eittland, swiftly followed by states from the Holy Roman Empire and
|
||||||
|
other protestant countries. The country became famous for its pure
|
||||||
|
white and green marble, which became its emblem. Walking in the
|
||||||
|
streets of major cities today, we can still see most of the monuments
|
||||||
|
and buildings from during that era made of marble. It is particularly
|
||||||
|
the case in Hylfjaltr, known by the nickname of “The White City” due
|
||||||
|
to the sheer amount of monuments made of ouf this material.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It is around this time religious wars broke out in mainland Europe,
|
||||||
|
and war refugees coming at first from Scandinavia and soon enough from
|
||||||
|
all Northern and Western Europe came to Eittland to seek refuge. They
|
||||||
|
were accepted on the condition never to try and spread their religion
|
||||||
|
on the island with the risk of expulsion back to continental Europe.
|
||||||
|
At the time, the influx of refugees represented around one percent of
|
||||||
|
its total population, with about two thirds of it being protestants
|
||||||
|
and the rest catholics. The local protestant population officially
|
||||||
|
founded in 1587 the Church of Eittland.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can find in the chart below a breakdown of the various countries
|
||||||
|
and regions religious refugees came from. Although Scandinavia was one
|
||||||
|
of the first regions to take refuge in Eittland, most of refugees came
|
||||||
|
from the Holy Roman Empire and from France where religious wars were
|
||||||
|
particularly violent. It is estimated most of the Protestant
|
||||||
|
population of Eittland are mainly from French descent, while the HRE’s
|
||||||
|
and Scandinavian population came with mixes of Christians and
|
||||||
|
Protestants. On the other hand, most if not all of the English
|
||||||
|
population was Christian.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+header: :exports none
|
||||||
|
#+header: :file img/eittlandic/religious-refugees.png :cache yes
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src gnuplot :var data=nationality-religious-refugees
|
||||||
|
set title "Country of Origin of Religious Refugees"
|
||||||
|
set title boxed offset 0,-3 font ",15"
|
||||||
|
set style fill solid border lt -1
|
||||||
|
set style textbox opaque noborder
|
||||||
|
set boxwidth 1.0 absolute
|
||||||
|
unset key
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
set yrange [0:45]
|
||||||
|
set grid y
|
||||||
|
set ylabel "Percentage"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
set border 3
|
||||||
|
set style data histograms
|
||||||
|
set style histogram cluster gap 1
|
||||||
|
set style fill solid border -1
|
||||||
|
set boxwidth 0.9
|
||||||
|
set xtic rotate by -45 scale 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
plot data u 2:xtic(1)
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/religious-refugees.png">Breakdown of the country or region of origin of religious refugees in the 1500s</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With the beginning of coloniolization of Northern America, Eittland
|
||||||
|
became a naval hotspot. Its position allowed ships to cut in half
|
||||||
|
their journey if necessary and replenish their supplies. England and
|
||||||
|
the Netherlands were the first countries to halt in Eittland for such
|
||||||
|
reasons, participating in an important economic boom in the early 16th
|
||||||
|
century on a national scale. France later joined this trade route
|
||||||
|
starting in 1619 when going to their colonies in modern-day Canada.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On the 30th of March 1775, England demanded from Eittland a port to be
|
||||||
|
used as a military port as part of their war effort during the
|
||||||
|
American revolution. Eittland refused these demands, invoking a
|
||||||
|
neutrality concerning the ongoing conflict. In response, England sent
|
||||||
|
an ultimatum, asking the port of Vátrsteinn to be their military base.
|
||||||
|
On Eittland’s second refusal, England declared war and launched a land
|
||||||
|
invasion of the island. The general in charge of the invasion, Sir
|
||||||
|
Andrew Sapping, decided to avoid landing in fjords, judging it too
|
||||||
|
risky and prone to ambushes. Instead, English troops landed in the
|
||||||
|
flatlands west of Vátrsteinn. While eittlandic troops were massing in
|
||||||
|
the nearby town of Vestrfjoðarkjapt, a volcano erupted into a
|
||||||
|
pyroclastic flow. The English landing site being on its path, half of
|
||||||
|
the invading English forces were immediately wiped out, and two thirds
|
||||||
|
of their vessels were badly dammaged or destroyed. Immediately after
|
||||||
|
this, Sir Sapping surrendered to the Eittlandic troops which were
|
||||||
|
captured as prisonners of war. Due to this defeat and the sudden
|
||||||
|
reduction in available men and ships in the English army, the Treaty
|
||||||
|
of Hylfjaltr was signed on the 25 of May of the same year. While
|
||||||
|
England recognized its defeat, Eittland promised not to intervene on
|
||||||
|
any side in the current rebellion of the American colonies (which was
|
||||||
|
not the intent of Eittland in the first place).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
After the independence of the United States of America, Eittland
|
||||||
|
retained its status as a maritime hotspot between Northern America and
|
||||||
|
Europe. Its ports of Kóparvall and Tvinnár, near Ðeberget and
|
||||||
|
Hylfjaltr respectively, became the two major ports in Eittland, with
|
||||||
|
Tvinnár generally favoured by ships coming from Europe and Kóparvall
|
||||||
|
favoured by ships coming from Northern America.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Political Organization
|
||||||
|
*** Kingdoms and Monarchy
|
||||||
|
While Eittland is a single country, it is host to two kingdoms: the
|
||||||
|
Kingdom of Đeberget in the western part of the country, and the
|
||||||
|
Kingdom of Hylfjaltr in its eastern part. This is due to a separation
|
||||||
|
of the country in two halves during the reign of Eittlands second king
|
||||||
|
Áleifr I when he realized the difficulties he and the following
|
||||||
|
monarchs of the island would face trying to rule the country alone
|
||||||
|
while the latter is almost always split in two by active volcanoes.
|
||||||
|
Thus, while the two kingdoms operate very independently from each
|
||||||
|
other --- each have their own policies on economics, education,
|
||||||
|
industry, and so on --- they also operate in cooperation as the
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic High Kingdom with the king of Đeberget at its head when it
|
||||||
|
comes to common policies, such as military decision and internrational
|
||||||
|
affairs.
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/map-political.png">The Two Eittlandic States</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This means that while both governments are independent from each other
|
||||||
|
and are legally equals to each other, the western monarch is the one
|
||||||
|
with the authority to decide on national actions after negotiations
|
||||||
|
between them and the eastern monarch. This is reflected by the throne
|
||||||
|
rooms found in official buildings such as the royal palaces where
|
||||||
|
three thrones can be found: a central, very large throne surrounded by
|
||||||
|
two other identical thrones, the right one for the monarch of
|
||||||
|
Hylfjaltr and the left one for the king of Đeberget. Most of the time,
|
||||||
|
both monarchs sit on their side throne, including when they meet each
|
||||||
|
other as the monarchs of Hylfjaltr and Đeberget. However, when the
|
||||||
|
monarch of Đeberget is meant to act as the High Monarch of Eittland,
|
||||||
|
they step up to the central throne and then represent the country as a
|
||||||
|
whole.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
At the end of the reign of the High King, either through abdication or
|
||||||
|
their death, his successor is enthroned within a month. Then, within a
|
||||||
|
year, the new High King has to appoint a new monarch for Hylfjaltr.
|
||||||
|
Traditionally, the new co-ruler is a brother of the current High
|
||||||
|
Monarch, however history showed it could be sometimes an uncle, a son,
|
||||||
|
a sister or even sometimes a daughter. When the eastern monarch either
|
||||||
|
abdicates or dies, the High Monarch has a month to designate a new
|
||||||
|
one.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Up until the 14th century, the monarch of Hylfjaltr was rarely the
|
||||||
|
successor of the High Monarch. However, High King Ólafr I changed this
|
||||||
|
tradition and created a new one. He named his brother and co-ruler
|
||||||
|
King of Eittland and his son Prince of Eittland. From here on, the
|
||||||
|
King (or occasionally the Queen) of Eastern Eittland was meant to
|
||||||
|
become the new High Monarch of Eittland and make the Prince (or
|
||||||
|
occasional Princess) the ruler of Hylfjaltr. Then, once the reign of
|
||||||
|
the King ends, the Prince becomes the new High King and nominates a
|
||||||
|
new King and a new Prince. This was done to ensure the upcoming High
|
||||||
|
Monarch would be prepared in ruling the whole country by first ruling
|
||||||
|
the state. If anything were to happen to the Prince or Princess of
|
||||||
|
Eittland while the King or Queen of Hylfjaltr is on the throne, they
|
||||||
|
would have to nominate a new heir among the other possible heirs
|
||||||
|
possible for the late High Monarch.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When the High Monarchs steps up to the central throne, they may
|
||||||
|
designate someone to fill in the role of the monarch of Đeberget for
|
||||||
|
the time being. They can also authorize the monarch of Hylfjaltr to do
|
||||||
|
so in case they are unavailable and someone need to represent the
|
||||||
|
country in front of foreign representatives. The last example was
|
||||||
|
during the two last years of Eríkr IX’s reign from 1987 to 1989 when
|
||||||
|
he could not act as High King due to his illness. While he did not
|
||||||
|
abdicate, he authorized king Harald III to act as High King while he
|
||||||
|
appointed his daughter and present-day High Queen Njall III as the
|
||||||
|
acting monarch of Đeberget.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Regions and Jarldoms
|
||||||
|
While each kingdom is ruled by a monarch and the country is ruled by
|
||||||
|
the High Monarch, the kingdoms are divided into several kinds of
|
||||||
|
subdivisions. The most common one is the jarldom, historically ruled
|
||||||
|
by and still represented by a jarl during ceremonies. “Jarl”
|
||||||
|
translates as “Earl” in English, and they were the nobles in charge of
|
||||||
|
managing parts of the land in the name of the ruler.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/map-provinces.png">Eittlandic Provinces</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Some parts of the land are directly under the control of the crown,
|
||||||
|
such as the districts of Đeberget and Hylfjaltr, which the ruler ruled
|
||||||
|
without intermediaries. They are the private possessions of the family
|
||||||
|
of the rulers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On top of this the center of the island is divided in territories, one
|
||||||
|
administered by the government of Đeberget and two by the government
|
||||||
|
of Hylfjaltr. These territories are supposedly not inhabited by anyone
|
||||||
|
and are currently natural parks. This is mostly where you can find the
|
||||||
|
mountains and volcanoes of Eittland as well as its cold deserts.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Due to the Last Royal Decree of 1826, jarls no longer rule their
|
||||||
|
jarldom themselves anymore. Instead, a local elected government takes
|
||||||
|
care of this role now.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Governments
|
||||||
|
**** Monarchy and Things
|
||||||
|
The first form of government created in Eittland revolved around
|
||||||
|
Things (/þing/ in Eittlandic), assemblies of varying size occasionally
|
||||||
|
created at various levels of the state to decide on important matters,
|
||||||
|
with the Althing being the highest Thing to exist in Eittland. The
|
||||||
|
Things allow at first any adult man to participate, but as the
|
||||||
|
population grew some restrictions were put in place in order to limit
|
||||||
|
the amount of participants. Only one man could represent a household
|
||||||
|
starting from 982. Then, starting from 998, only jarls were allowed to
|
||||||
|
the ruler’s Thing, and only ten jarls from each kingdom, elected among
|
||||||
|
all the jarls from the same kingdom, would be allowed to attend the
|
||||||
|
High Monarch’s Thing. These jarls would then act as representatives of
|
||||||
|
the kingdom to the High King and his counsellors.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In 1278, the first formal ministry (or department) was created in the
|
||||||
|
Ðeberget Kingdom, called a /Ráðuneyt/ (litt. “fellowship of
|
||||||
|
counsellors”) with a /Ráðunautr/ at its head, to aid the King Hallþórr V
|
||||||
|
Gunhildson’s in administering agriculture. The Hylfjaltr Kingdom soon
|
||||||
|
followed, creating its own in 1283 by order of Eyvindor III
|
||||||
|
Steingrímson. From then, ráðuneyts were created as needed with a
|
||||||
|
growing number.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Constitutional Monarchy
|
||||||
|
In 1826, fearing the revolutionary climate in mainland Europe, Ólafr V
|
||||||
|
passed the appropriately named “Last Royal Decree” in 1826. This act
|
||||||
|
put in place a new form of government based on the British monarchy.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The king transfers all the royal power from the rulers of Đeberget and
|
||||||
|
Hylfjaltr to the House of the People and the House of the Land (the
|
||||||
|
equivalent of the lower and upper Houses respectively). The House of
|
||||||
|
the People is composed of men elected during general elections every
|
||||||
|
eight years. It was decided for each jarldom and district, one
|
||||||
|
representative would be elected plus another one for each percentage
|
||||||
|
of the population of the kingdom the jarldom represents.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A similar system was created for jarldoms in order to replace jarls
|
||||||
|
with locally elected governments, as well as the organisation of
|
||||||
|
municipalities.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
At first only male land owner of the Nordic Faith could vote and could
|
||||||
|
be elected. In 1886, all men of the Nordic Faith got the right to vote
|
||||||
|
and be elected in the general elections. In 1902, women gained the
|
||||||
|
right to vote and they gained the right to be elected in 1915. The law
|
||||||
|
that allowed women to vote also made the authorities stop enforcing
|
||||||
|
the restriction on the faith of the participants --- while the
|
||||||
|
original texts of 1826 and 1886 were clear on the fact only men of the
|
||||||
|
Nordic Faith were allowed to vote and be elected, women had no such
|
||||||
|
restriction making it unclear if it only applied to women or if this
|
||||||
|
restriction was revoked for everyone. Organizers of the next elections
|
||||||
|
in 1914 chose not to enforce this religious restriction and ever since
|
||||||
|
then. In 1998, Queen Siv I exceptionally used her powers of High Queen
|
||||||
|
to pass a law to clarify this issue and formally make Eittland a
|
||||||
|
non-religious country. This also removed the long unenforced ban on
|
||||||
|
other religions in Eittland.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note that while the rulers of Đeberget and Hylfjaltr have lost all
|
||||||
|
their power with the “Last Royal Decree”, the High Monarch remained
|
||||||
|
unaffected by the text though they act and are expected to act as if
|
||||||
|
it were the case. To replace them, the eastern and western governments
|
||||||
|
elect a single national representative meant to act as the head of
|
||||||
|
both states instead of the High Monarch who now holds only a
|
||||||
|
ceremonial position. However, it happens from time to time the High
|
||||||
|
Monarch passes a law, although they only write down in the law already
|
||||||
|
well established traditions, such as the ban on the religious
|
||||||
|
restrictions for voters which had not been enforced for almost a
|
||||||
|
century by that point.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Today, Ráðuneyts still exist, but their head is no longer designated
|
||||||
|
by the monarch but by the head of the House of the People. Here is the
|
||||||
|
list of Ministries that exist in Eittland in 2022:
|
||||||
|
- /Bærráðuneyt/ :: Agriculture Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Dæmaráðuneyt :: Justice Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Erlendslandsráðuneyt :: Foreign Affair Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Fræðiráðuneyt :: Education Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Heilsráðuneyt :: Health Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Konungdómráðuneyt :: Kingdom’s Ministry (State Affairs)
|
||||||
|
- Náttúrráðuneyt :: Nature Ministry (including ecology)
|
||||||
|
- Rógráðuneyt :: War Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Teknikráðuneyt :: Technology Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Kaupráðuneyt :: Economy Ministry
|
||||||
|
- Vinnaráðuneyt :: Employment Ministry
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With the separation of the State with its religious departments
|
||||||
|
following the law of 1998, the /Heiðniráðuneyt/ (the Heathendom
|
||||||
|
Department) became an entity separate from the Government. Its
|
||||||
|
Ráðunautr used to be exceptionally appointed by the House of the Land,
|
||||||
|
unlike the rest of Ráðunautrs.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Private Data :noexport:
|
||||||
|
#+name: eittland-religions
|
||||||
|
| / | < | | | | | |
|
||||||
|
| Year | Norse Faith | Atheism | Church of Eittland | Christianity | Buddhism | Other |
|
||||||
|
|------+-------------+---------+--------------------+--------------+----------+-------|
|
||||||
|
| 1900 | 97 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
|
||||||
|
| 1950 | 93 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
|
||||||
|
| 1975 | 84 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0.5 | 4.5 |
|
||||||
|
| 2000 | 76 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
|
||||||
|
| 2019 | 69 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: nationality-religious-refugees
|
||||||
|
| Country | Percentage |
|
||||||
|
|-------------------+------------|
|
||||||
|
| France | 36 |
|
||||||
|
| Holy Roman Empire | 24 |
|
||||||
|
| Scandinavia | 22 |
|
||||||
|
| United Kingdom | 14 |
|
||||||
|
| Others | 4 |
|
292
docs/eittlandic/dictionary.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Dictionary
|
||||||
|
** A
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Á
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Æ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** B
|
||||||
|
*** bræð
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(brɛð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
See [[file:dictionary.md#broð][/bróð/]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** bróð
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(brɔð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. brother, plural /bræð/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Re-analysis of /bródir/ decomposed into /bróð/ + /-ir/ by popular
|
||||||
|
etymology. Same goes for its former plural /bræðir/ which got
|
||||||
|
re-analyzed into /bræð/ + /-ir/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| / | <r> | | |
|
||||||
|
| | | Singular | Plural |
|
||||||
|
|---+------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| | Nom. | bróðr | bræðr |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | bróð | bræð |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | bróðir | bræðir |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | bróð | bræðum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** bók
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(bɔk)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. book, plural /bøk/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| / | <r> | | |
|
||||||
|
| | | Singular | Plural |
|
||||||
|
|---+------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| | Nom. | bókr | bøkr |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | bók | bøk |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | bókar | bøkar |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | bók | bøkum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** bøk
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(bøk)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
See [[file:dictionary.md#bok][/bók/]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** C
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** D
|
||||||
|
*** djúp
|
||||||
|
adj. {{{phon(dʒop)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. deep
|
||||||
|
2. profound (figuratively)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** djúpligr
|
||||||
|
adv. {{{phon(dʒopliɡr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. deeply
|
||||||
|
*** dóttir
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(dɔʧir)}}}, plural *dœtr* {{{phon(dœtr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. daughter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Đ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** E
|
||||||
|
*** edda
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(ed)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. great grandmother
|
||||||
|
2. female ancestor, beyond the grandmother
|
||||||
|
*** Eittland
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(ɑɪʔlɑnd)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. (n) High Kingdom of Eittland, island of Eittland
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** É
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** F
|
||||||
|
*** feð
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(feð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
See [[file:dictionary.md#føð][/føð/]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** fé
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(fɛ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. wealth
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
From Old Norse /fé/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| | Singular | Plural |
|
||||||
|
|------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| Nom. | fé | fé |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | fé | fé |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | fés | fés |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | fé | férum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** fisk
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(fiʃk)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. fish
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
From Old Norse /fiskr/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| | Singular | Plural |
|
||||||
|
|------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| Nom. | fiskr | fiskr |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | fisk | fisk |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | fiskar | fiskar |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | fisk | fiskum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** føð
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(føð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. father, plural /feð/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
From Old Norse /fødir/ and /feðir/ which got re-analyzed as /føð/
|
||||||
|
appended with a grammatical /-ir/ (which later got reduced to a /-r/).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| | Singular | Plural |
|
||||||
|
|------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| Nom. | føðr | feðr |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | føð | feð |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | føðar | feðar |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | føð | feðum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** G
|
||||||
|
*** gauð
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(jɔʊð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. a barking
|
||||||
|
2. a quarrel
|
||||||
|
*** gegn
|
||||||
|
adv. {{{phon(jeɡn̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. against, opposing
|
||||||
|
*** gjøf
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(jøv)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. gift, present
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** H
|
||||||
|
*** heilsa
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(hɑɪls)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. health
|
||||||
|
*** hjól
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(çɔl)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. wheel
|
||||||
|
*** hlóð
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(l̥ɔð)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. hearth
|
||||||
|
2. living room
|
||||||
|
*** hneisa
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪs)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. shame, disgrace
|
||||||
|
2. social isolation
|
||||||
|
*** hneising
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪsinɡ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. hermit
|
||||||
|
2. (modern) shut-in, hikikomori
|
||||||
|
*** hnjósa
|
||||||
|
v. {{{phon(ɲ̥ɔs)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. to sneeze
|
||||||
|
*** hrifs
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(r̥ivs)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. assault, mugging
|
||||||
|
*** hvat
|
||||||
|
adv. {{{phon(ʍɑt)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. what
|
||||||
|
*** hví
|
||||||
|
adv. {{{phon(ʍe)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. why
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** I
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Í
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** J
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** K
|
||||||
|
*** kaup
|
||||||
|
n. {{{phon(kɔp)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. commerce
|
||||||
|
2. bargain, barter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** L
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** M
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** N
|
||||||
|
*** noregsúlf
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(norejsolv)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. wolf, litt. Norway’s wolf.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Wolves do not naturally live in Eittland. Their only relatives
|
||||||
|
introduced to the island were dogs and wolf-dogs, and the latter
|
||||||
|
inherited the simpler /úlfr/ term. Noun composed by Old Norse /noregs/
|
||||||
|
(genitive of /Noregr/, /Norway/) and /úlfr/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** O
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ó
|
||||||
|
*** óglaðr
|
||||||
|
adj. {{{phon(ɔɡʲɑðr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. very sad, depressed, miserable
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ø
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Œ
|
||||||
|
*** Œgir
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(œjir)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. A mythical beast residing in the forests of the western
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic fjords.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** P
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Q
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** R
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** S
|
||||||
|
*** sitja
|
||||||
|
v. {{{phon(sitʃ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. to sit
|
||||||
|
2. to represent (politics)
|
||||||
|
*** sjá
|
||||||
|
v. {{{phon(ʃɛ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. to see
|
||||||
|
2. to understand
|
||||||
|
*** skilja
|
||||||
|
v. {{{phon(ʃkiʎ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. to differenciate
|
||||||
|
2. to segregate, to separate
|
||||||
|
3. to understand a difference
|
||||||
|
*** snjór
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(sɲɔr)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. snow
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** T
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Þ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** U
|
||||||
|
*** uppá
|
||||||
|
prep. {{{phon(upɸə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. upon
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ú
|
||||||
|
*** úlf
|
||||||
|
m. {{{phon(olv)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. wolf-dog. See also /noregsúlfr/.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** V
|
||||||
|
*** veisheit
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(βɑɪshɑɪt)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. knowledge or wisdom. From German /Weisheit/. See also /vizka/
|
||||||
|
*** viska
|
||||||
|
f. {{{phon(βiʃk)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. practical knowledge or wisdom, acquired from experience
|
||||||
|
See /veisheit/ for a more general term for /wisdow/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Y
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ý
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Z
|
42
docs/eittlandic/functional-system.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Functional System :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Grammatical Relationship
|
||||||
|
# Examplify some simple intransitive, transitive, and ditransitive
|
||||||
|
# clauses. Three-argument clauses may not unequivocally exist.
|
||||||
|
# - What are the grammatical erlations of this language? Give
|
||||||
|
# morphosyntactic evidence for each one that you propose.
|
||||||
|
# - Subject?
|
||||||
|
# - Ergative?
|
||||||
|
# - Absolutive?
|
||||||
|
# - Direct object?
|
||||||
|
# - Indirect object?
|
||||||
|
# There are basically four possible sources of evidence for
|
||||||
|
# grammatical relations:
|
||||||
|
# - morphological case on NPs
|
||||||
|
# - person marking on verbs
|
||||||
|
# - constituent ord
|
||||||
|
# - some pragmatic hierarchy
|
||||||
|
# - Is the system of grammatical relations in basic (affirmative,
|
||||||
|
# declarative) clauses organized according to a
|
||||||
|
# nominative/accusative, ergative/absolutive, tripartite, or some
|
||||||
|
# other system?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there a split system for organizing grammatical relations? If
|
||||||
|
# so, what determin
|
||||||
|
# - Is there split instransitivity? If so, what semantic or
|
||||||
|
# discourse/pragmatic factor conditions the split?
|
||||||
|
# - Does the system for pronouns and/or person marking on verbs
|
||||||
|
# operate on the same basis as that of full NPs?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there different grammatical-relation systems depending on
|
||||||
|
# the clause type (e.g. main vs. dependent clauses, affirmative
|
||||||
|
# vs. negative clauses)?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there different grammatical-relation assignment systems
|
||||||
|
# depending on th
|
||||||
|
# - Are there any syntactic processes (e.g. conjunction reduction,
|
||||||
|
# relativization) that operate on an ergative/absolutive basis?
|
||||||
|
** Constructions Link
|
||||||
|
** Valence Increase
|
||||||
|
*** Causative
|
||||||
|
*** Applicative
|
||||||
|
*** Dative Shift
|
||||||
|
*** Dative Interest
|
||||||
|
*** External Possession
|
1
docs/eittlandic/img
Symbolic link
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
|||||||
|
../.vuepress/public/img
|
16
docs/eittlandic/index.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Eittland
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Eittland (Eittlandic: /Eittland/, {{{rune(eittland)}}}, {{{phon(ɑɪʔlɑ̃d)}}}) is part
|
||||||
|
of the family of Nordic countries and a member state of the Nordic
|
||||||
|
Council, with a population of 31.5 millions as per the 2019 national
|
||||||
|
census. It has a superficy of 121 km^{2}, making it the second largest
|
||||||
|
island in Europe after Great Britain. Its capital Đeberget is the
|
||||||
|
largest eittlandic city with a population of 1.641.600 in 2019. The
|
||||||
|
island is naturally separated in two, its western and eastern sides,
|
||||||
|
by a chain of volcanoes spawning on the separation of the North
|
||||||
|
American and the Eurasian plates, much like its northern sister
|
||||||
|
Iceland. Thus, its Eastern side covers 49km^{2} of the island and hosts
|
||||||
|
11.3 million inhabitants while the western side covers 72km^{2} with a
|
||||||
|
population of 20.1 millions.
|
426
docs/eittlandic/phonology.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Phonetic Inventory and Translitteration
|
||||||
|
** Evolution from Early Old Norse to Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic evolved early on from Early Old Norse, and as such some
|
||||||
|
vowels it evolved from are different than the Old Norse vowels and
|
||||||
|
consonants some other Nordic languages evolved from. In this chapter,
|
||||||
|
we will see the main list of attested phonetic evolution Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
lived through.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The history of Eittlandic goes from the late 8th century until
|
||||||
|
modern-day Eittlandic. Its history is divided as shown on table below.
|
||||||
|
It is not an exact science though as changes happened progressively
|
||||||
|
through the country. Changes were also progressive, meaning the dates
|
||||||
|
chosen to go from one language to the other are relatively arbitrary.
|
||||||
|
In evolution examples, it will be indicated whether the Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
pronunciation is specific to a certain time area (with /Early Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic/, /Late Old Eittlandic/, etc…) but if it only specifies
|
||||||
|
/Eittlandic/ it means no significant changes in pronunciation occurred
|
||||||
|
since the phonetic rule shown. Meaning is also shown between
|
||||||
|
parenthesis. In case of semantic shift, its new meaning in Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
is shown --- the same goes for the word’s spelling.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: table:history-eittlandic-language
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Linguistic eras of Eittland
|
||||||
|
| Period | Language |
|
||||||
|
|-----------------------------+-------------------|
|
||||||
|
| 8th century - 12th century | Old Eittlandic |
|
||||||
|
| 13th century - 16th century | Middle Eittlandic |
|
||||||
|
| 17th century - today | Modern Eittlandic |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It is generally considered the gj-shift of the 13th century is the
|
||||||
|
evolution that marks the change from Old Eittlandic to Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic while the great vowel shift marks the change from Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic to Modern Eittlandic between the 16th and the 17th century.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** hʷ » ʍ
|
||||||
|
One of the first evolution of the Eittlandic was the evolution of the
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(hʷ)}}} into a {{{phon(ʍ)}}} (written «hv»). It differs from other nordic
|
||||||
|
languages which evolved their {{{phon(hʷ)}}} into a {{{phon(v)}}}, like in
|
||||||
|
Icelandic or in Norwegian. However, this evolution is cause to debate,
|
||||||
|
mainly due to the original phoneme {{{phon(hʷ)}}} which could be inherited
|
||||||
|
from Proto-Norse instead.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Early Old Norse or Late Proto-Norse /hvat/ (what)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(hʷɑt)}}} » Eittlandic /hvat/ (what) {{{phon(ʍɑt)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** C / #h_ » C[-voice]
|
||||||
|
When preceded by a {{{phon(h)}}}, word-initial consonants such as «l», «r»,
|
||||||
|
«n» would lose their voicing and become voiceless consonants. Note
|
||||||
|
«hj» went to {{{phon(ç)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /hlóð/ (/hearth/) {{{phon(hloːð)}}} » Old Eittlandic /hlóð/
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(l̥oːð)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old-Norse /hneisa/ (/shame, disgrace/) {{{phon(hneisɑ)}}} » Early Old
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic {{{phon(n̥eisɑ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /hrifs/ (/robbery/) {{{phon(hrifs)}}} » Old Norse {{{phon(r̥ifs)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /hjól/ (wheel) {{{phon(hjoːl)}}} » Old Eittlandic {{{phon(çoːl)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** g / {#,V}_{V,#} » ɣ
|
||||||
|
In word-initial position and followed by a vowel or when between
|
||||||
|
vowels, Early Old Norse {{{phon(g)}}} gets palatalized into a {{{phon(ɣ)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Early Old Norse /gegn/ (/against, right opposite/) {{{phon(gegn̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
» Old Eittlandic {{{phon(ɣegn̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** V / _# » ∅ ! j _
|
||||||
|
When finishing a word, short unaccented vowels disappeared.
|
||||||
|
Historically, they first went through a weakening transforming them
|
||||||
|
into a {{{phon(ə)}}}, but they eventually disappeared before long vowels got
|
||||||
|
affected by the first part of the rule. However, it did not apply to
|
||||||
|
final vowels following a «j».
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /heilsa/ (/health/) {{{phon(heilsɑ)}}} » Late Old
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic /heils/ {{{phon(heils)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Reflecting this change, the last vowel got lost in the Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
orthography. However, this rule did not get applied consistently with
|
||||||
|
a good deal of people that kept them well until the [[*Great Vowel Shift][Great Vowel Shift]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** V / j_# » ə
|
||||||
|
While the final short vowel of words did not disappear when preceded
|
||||||
|
by a «j», they still weakened to a schwa.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /sitja/ (/to sit/) {{{phon(sitjɑ)}}} » Old Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(sitjə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Vː / _# » ə
|
||||||
|
When at the end of a word, long unaccented vowels get weakened into a
|
||||||
|
schwa.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /erþó/ (as though) {{{phon(erθoː)}}} » Late Old
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic {{{phon(erθə)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Notice how in the modern orthography the «ó» didn’t get lost, unlike
|
||||||
|
with the previous rule. Unlike the schwa from the previous rule, the
|
||||||
|
current schwa still bears the long vowel feature although it is not
|
||||||
|
pronounced anymore by that point, influencing the rule described in [[*ə\[-long\] / C_# »
|
||||||
|
∅][rule 15]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** ɣ / {#,V}_ » j
|
||||||
|
During the 13th century, continued palatalization of the letter «g»
|
||||||
|
when beginning or preceding a vowel transformed it from {{{phon(g)}}} in
|
||||||
|
Proto-Norse to {{{phon(ɣ)}}} in Old Eittlandic to {{{phon(j)}}} in Early Modern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /gauð/ (a barking) {{{phon(gɑuð)}}} » Early Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic /gauð/ (a barking, a quarrel) {{{phon(jɑuð)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This is the first rule of the g/j-shift along with the three next
|
||||||
|
rules, marking the passage from Old Eittlandic to Middle Eittlandic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** gl » gʲ
|
||||||
|
The exception to the above rule is the «g» remains a hard {{{phon(g)}}} when
|
||||||
|
followed by an «l» in which case {{{phon(gl)}}} becomes {{{phon(gʲ)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /óglaðr/ (sad, moody) {{{phon(oːɡlɑðr̩)}}} » Early
|
||||||
|
Middle Eittlandic /óglaðr/ (very sad, miserable) {{{phon(oːɡʲɑðr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** d g n s t / _j » C[+palat]
|
||||||
|
Another exception to the rule in [[*t / _C » ʔ ! _ʃ][rule 21]] is the «g» remains a hard
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(g)}}} when followed by a {{{phon(j)}}}, in which case {{{phon(gj)}}} becomes
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(j)}}}. Other phonemes {{{phon(d)}}}, {{{phon(h)}}}, {{{phon(n)}}}, {{{phon(s)}}}, and
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(t)}}} also get palatalized, merging with the following {{{phon(j)}}}. In
|
||||||
|
the end, we have the conversion table given by the table below.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: cons:palatalization
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Consonants palatalization
|
||||||
|
| Early Old Norse | Eittlandic |
|
||||||
|
|-----------------+------------|
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(dj)}}} | {{{phon(dʒ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(gj)}}} | {{{phon(j)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(nj)}}} | {{{phon(ɲ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(sj)}}} | {{{phon(ʃ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(tj)}}} | {{{phon(tʃ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note this is also applicable to devoiced consonants from the rule
|
||||||
|
described in [[*C / #h_ » C\[-voice\]][rule 2]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /djúp/ (/deep/) {{{phon(djuːp)}}} » Middle Eittlandic /djúp/
|
||||||
|
(/deep, profound/) {{{phon(dʒuːp)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /gjøf/ (/gift/) {{{phon(gjøf)}}} » Early Middle Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(jøf)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /snjór/ (/snow/) {{{phon(snjoːr)}}} » Middle Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(sɲoːr)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /hnjósa/ (/to sneeze/) {{{phon(hnjoːsɑ)}}} » Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(ɲ̥oːs)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /sjá/ (/to see/) {{{phon(sjɑː)}}} » Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(ʃɑː)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /skilja/ (/to understand, to distinguish/)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(skiljɑ)}}} » Early Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(ʃkiljə)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Old Eittlandic /sitja/ (/to sit/) {{{phon(sitjə)}}} » Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(sitʃə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** j » jə / _#
|
||||||
|
With the appearance of word-final {{{phon(j)}}}, and epenthtetic {{{phon(ə)}}}
|
||||||
|
appeared due to the phonological rule forbidding word-final consonant
|
||||||
|
clusters to end with a {{{phon(j)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /berg/ (/rock/, /boulder/) {{{phon(berɡ)}}} » Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic /berg/ {{{phon(berjə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** u / V_ » ʊ
|
||||||
|
When following another vowel, {{{phon(u)}}} becomes an {{{phon(ʊ)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /kaup/ (/bargain/) {{{phon(kɑup)}}} » Early Middle
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic {{{phon(kɑʊp)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** {s,z} / _C[+plos] » ʃ
|
||||||
|
If {{{phon(s)}}} or {{{phon(z)}}} precede a plosive consonant, they become
|
||||||
|
palatalized into a {{{phon(ʃ)}}} --- the distinction between «s» and «z» is
|
||||||
|
lost.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /fiskr/ (/fish/) {{{phon(fiskr̩)}}} » Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(fiʃkr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /vizka/ (/wisdom/) {{{phon(βizkɑ)}}} » Middle Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
/viska/ {{{phon(βiʃk)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note that in the Modern Eittlandic orthography, the «z» is replaced
|
||||||
|
with an «s».
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** f / {V,C[+voice]}_ {V,C[+voice],#} » v
|
||||||
|
When a «f» is either surrounded by voice phonemes or is preceded by a
|
||||||
|
voiced phoneme and ends a word, it gets voiced into a {{{phon(v)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Old Norse /úlf/ (wolf) {{{phon(uːlf)}}} » Middle Eittlandic /úlv/ {{{phon(uːlv)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** l / _j » ʎ
|
||||||
|
When followed by a «j», any «l» becomes a {{{phon(ʎ)}}}, merging with the
|
||||||
|
following «j».
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Early Middle Eittlandic /skilja/ (to understand, to
|
||||||
|
distinguish) {{{phon(ʃkiljə)}}} » Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(ʃkiʎə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** ə[-long] / C_# » ∅
|
||||||
|
As described in the [[*Vː / _# » ə][rule 6]], the schwa resulting from it kept its long
|
||||||
|
vowel feature although it wasn’t pronounced anymore. This resulted in
|
||||||
|
the current rule making all schwas resulting from short vowels at the
|
||||||
|
end of words to disappear when following a voiced consonant. This
|
||||||
|
basically boils down to any former short vowel following a «j» in
|
||||||
|
word-final position.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Middle Eittlandic (to understand, to distinguish)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(ʃkiʎə)}}} » Late Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(ʃkiʎ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** ɑʊ » oː
|
||||||
|
Sometime in the 15th century, any occurence of «au», pronounced by
|
||||||
|
then {{{phon(ɑʊ)}}}, began shifting to {{{phon(oː)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Early Middle Eittlandic /kaup/ (/bargain/) {{{phon(/kɑʊp/)}}} » Late
|
||||||
|
Middle Eittlandic /kaup/ (/commerce/) {{{phon(koːp)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** C[+long +plos -voice] » C[+fric] ! / _C » C[+long +plos] » C[-long]
|
||||||
|
Unless followed by another consonant, any unvoiced long plosive
|
||||||
|
consonant becomes a short affricate while other long plosives simply
|
||||||
|
become shorter.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /edda/ (great grandmother) {{{phon(edːɑ)}}} » Late Middle Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
/edda/ (great grandmother, femalle ancestor) {{{phon(edɑ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /Eittland/ {{{phon(eitːlɑnd)}}} » Late Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(eitlɑnd)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /uppá/ (/upon/) {{{phon(upːɑː)}}} » Late Middle Eittlandic {{{phon(upɸə)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** r » ʁ (Eastern Eittlandic)
|
||||||
|
From the beginning of the 16th century, the Eastern Eittlandic {{{phon(r)}}}
|
||||||
|
began morphing into an {{{phon(ʁ)}}} in all contexts except in word-final
|
||||||
|
«-r», remanants of Old Norse’s nominative «-R». This is typical in the
|
||||||
|
Eastern region of Eittland and it can be even heard in some dialects
|
||||||
|
of Southern Eittlandic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /dratta/ (/to trail/ or /walk like a cow/) {{{phon(drɑtʃ)}}} » Eastern Modern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic /dratt/ (/act mindlessly/) {{{phon(dʁɑtʃ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /fjárdráttr/ (/(unfairly) making money/)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(fjɑːdrɑːtːr̩)}}} » Eastern Modern Eittlandic /fjárdráttr/ (/to scam/)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(fjɛʁdʁɛtr̩)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Great Vowel Shift
|
||||||
|
The great vowel shift happened during the 16th and 17th century during
|
||||||
|
which long vowels underwent a length loss, transforming them into
|
||||||
|
different short vowels. Only three rules governed this shift:
|
||||||
|
- V[+high +long] » V[-high -long]
|
||||||
|
- V[+tense +long] » V[-tense -long]
|
||||||
|
- V[-tense +long] » V[-long -low]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Hence, the vowels evolved as shown in the table below.
|
||||||
|
#+name: vow:eittland:evolution
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Evolution of Old Norse long vowels to Eittlandic short vowels
|
||||||
|
| Orthography | Old Eittlandic vowel | Modern Eittlandic Vowel |
|
||||||
|
|-------------+----------------------+-------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| á | {{{phon(ɑː)}}} | {{{phon(ɛ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| é | {{{phon(eː)}}} | {{{phon(ɛ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| í | {{{phon(iː)}}} | {{{phon(e)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| ó | {{{phon(oː)}}} | {{{phon(ɔ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| œ (ǿ) | {{{phon(øː)}}} | {{{phon(œ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| ú | {{{phon(uː)}}} | {{{phon(o)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| ý | {{{phon(yː)}}} | {{{phon(ø)}}} |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As you can see, some overlap is possible from Old Norse vowels and
|
||||||
|
Modern Eittlandic vowels. For instance, Eittlanders will read «e» and
|
||||||
|
«í» both as an {{{phon(e)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Examples ::
|
||||||
|
- Middle Eittlandic /sjá/ (/to see/) {{{phon(ʃɑː)}}} » Modern Eittlandic {{{phon(ʃɛ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /fé/ (/cattle/) {{{phon(feː)}}} » Modern Eittlandic /fé/ (wealth) {{{phon(fɛ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Late Proto-Norse /hví/ (/why/) {{{phon(hʷiː)}}} » Modern Eittlandic {{{phon(ʍe)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Old Norse /bók/ (/beech/, /book/) {{{phon(boːk)}}} » Modern Eittlandic (/book/)
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(bɔk)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Early Old Norse /œgir/ (/frightener/, /terrifier/) {{{phon(øːɡir)}}} » Modern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic /Œgir/ (a kind of mythical beast) {{{phon(œjir)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Middle Eittlandic /úlv/ (/wolf/) {{{phon(uːlv)}}} » Modern Eittlandic {{{phon(olv)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Diphthongs also evolved following these rules:
|
||||||
|
- {{{phon(ei)}}} » {{{phon(ɑɪ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- {{{phon(ou)}}} » {{{phon(ɔʊ)}}}
|
||||||
|
- {{{phon(øy)}}} » {{{phon(œʏ)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** V / _N » Ṽ[-tense] ! V[+high] (Southern Eittlandic)
|
||||||
|
When preceding a nasal, any vowel that is not high as determined by
|
||||||
|
the vowel tree in [[*Vowel Inventory][Vowel Inventory]] gets nasalized when preceding a
|
||||||
|
nasal consonant and loses its tenseness if it has any. Hence, the
|
||||||
|
pronunciation of the «a» in /Eittland/ is {{{phon(ã)}}}. However, Old Norse
|
||||||
|
/runa/ (rune) {{{phon(runɑ)}}} becomes /run/ (letter, character, rune) {{{phon(run)}}}
|
||||||
|
without any nasalization.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note this evolution is mostly proeminent in the southern regions of
|
||||||
|
Eittland and the city of Hundraðskip. It is less often documented in
|
||||||
|
Eastern Eittland and almost undocumented in Western Eittland. It is
|
||||||
|
more often documented in casual conversation buch rarer in formal
|
||||||
|
conversation, especially when the majority of the speakers in a group
|
||||||
|
are not southerners.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** t / _C » ʔ ! _ʃ
|
||||||
|
When a {{{phon(t)}}} precedes another consonant, it becomes a glottal stop.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example :: Early Modern Eittlandic /Eittland/ {{{phon(ɑɪtlɑnd)}}} » Modern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic {{{phon(ɑɪʔlɑnd)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** V^{U} » ə ! diphthongs (Western Eittlandic)
|
||||||
|
A recent evolution in Western Eittland is weakening any unstressed
|
||||||
|
vowel that is not a diphthong to a schwa. It is only documented in
|
||||||
|
casual speech but almost never in formal speech.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Example ::
|
||||||
|
- Standard Eittlandic /ádreif/ (spray) {{{phon(ɛdrɑɪv)}}} » Western Casual
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic {{{phon(ɛdrɑɪv)}}}
|
||||||
|
- Standard Eittlandic /einlægr/ (/sincere/) {{{phon(ɑɪnlæɡr)}}} » Western
|
||||||
|
Casual Eittlandic {{{phon(ɑɪnləɡr)}}}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Vowel Inventory
|
||||||
|
Modern Eittlandic has a total of ten simple vowels and three
|
||||||
|
diphthongs, regardless of the dialect. Unlike its ancestor language,
|
||||||
|
Old Norse, it does not bear any distinction in vowel length anymore
|
||||||
|
since the great vowel shift (see the [[*Great Vowel Shift][Great Vowel Shift]]). The first
|
||||||
|
table below lists the Eittlandic simple vowels while the second table
|
||||||
|
lists the Eittlandic diphthongs.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: tab:vow:ipa
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Vowel inventory of Modern Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
| <r> | <c> | <c> |
|
||||||
|
| | front | back |
|
||||||
|
|-----------+-------+------|
|
||||||
|
| close | i y | u |
|
||||||
|
| close-mid | e ø | o |
|
||||||
|
| open-mid | ɛ œ | ɔ |
|
||||||
|
| open | | ɑ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: tab:vow:dipththongs
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Diphthongs of Modern Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
| diphthong | phonetics |
|
||||||
|
| <c> | <c> |
|
||||||
|
|-----------+-----------|
|
||||||
|
| ei | {{{phon(ɑɪ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| au | {{{phon(ɔʊ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| ey | {{{phon(œʏ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: vow-dot-gen
|
||||||
|
#+header: :var vowels=vowels-featural-list
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :wrap "src dot :file eittland/vowel-feature-tree.png :exports none"
|
||||||
|
(conlanging-list-to-graphviz vowels)
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+RESULTS[a09b27a1d20480fac7c5b832d8573babcfaa929f]: vow-dot-gen
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src dot :file eittland/vowel-feature-tree.png :exports none
|
||||||
|
graph{graph[dpi=300,bgcolor="transparent"];node[shape=plaintext];"vowels-0jqz0zl768va"[label="vowels"];"+high-0jqz0zl768vg"[label="+high"];"vowels-0jqz0zl768va"--"+high-0jqz0zl768vg";"+round-0jqz0zl768vi"[label="+round"];"+high-0jqz0zl768vg"--"+round-0jqz0zl768vi";"+front-0jqz0zl768vk"[label="+front"];"+round-0jqz0zl768vi"--"+front-0jqz0zl768vk";"/y/-0jqz0zl768vm"[label="/y/"];"+front-0jqz0zl768vk"--"/y/-0jqz0zl768vm";"-front-0jqz0zl768vr"[label="-front"];"+round-0jqz0zl768vi"--"-front-0jqz0zl768vr";"/u/-0jqz0zl768vs"[label="/u/"];"-front-0jqz0zl768vr"--"/u/-0jqz0zl768vs";"-round-0jqz0zl768w1"[label="-round"];"+high-0jqz0zl768vg"--"-round-0jqz0zl768w1";"/i/-0jqz0zl768w3"[label="/i/"];"-round-0jqz0zl768w1"--"/i/-0jqz0zl768w3";"-high-0jqz0zl768wg"[label="-high"];"vowels-0jqz0zl768va"--"-high-0jqz0zl768wg";"+round-0jqz0zl768wh"[label="+round"];"-high-0jqz0zl768wg"--"+round-0jqz0zl768wh";"+tense-0jqz0zl768wj"[label="+tense"];"+round-0jqz0zl768wh"--"+tense-0jqz0zl768wj";"+front-0jqz0zl768wl"[label="+front"];"+tense-0jqz0zl768wj"--"+front-0jqz0zl768wl";"/ø/-0jqz0zl768wn"[label="/ø/"];"+front-0jqz0zl768wl"--"/ø/-0jqz0zl768wn";"-front-0jqz0zl768ws"[label="-front"];"+tense-0jqz0zl768wj"--"-front-0jqz0zl768ws";"/o/-0jqz0zl768wu"[label="/o/"];"-front-0jqz0zl768ws"--"/o/-0jqz0zl768wu";"-tense-0jqz0zl768x3"[label="-tense"];"+round-0jqz0zl768wh"--"-tense-0jqz0zl768x3";"+low-0jqz0zl768x5"[label="+low"];"-tense-0jqz0zl768x3"--"+low-0jqz0zl768x5";"/œ/-0jqz0zl768x8"[label="/œ/"];"+low-0jqz0zl768x5"--"/œ/-0jqz0zl768x8";"-low-0jqz0zl768xc"[label="-low"];"-tense-0jqz0zl768x3"--"-low-0jqz0zl768xc";"/ɔ/-0jqz0zl768xe"[label="/ɔ/"];"-low-0jqz0zl768xc"--"/ɔ/-0jqz0zl768xe";"-round-0jqz0zl768xx"[label="-round"];"-high-0jqz0zl768wg"--"-round-0jqz0zl768xx";"+tense-0jqz0zl768xz"[label="+tense"];"-round-0jqz0zl768xx"--"+tense-0jqz0zl768xz";"/e/-0jqz0zl768y1"[label="/e/"];"+tense-0jqz0zl768xz"--"/e/-0jqz0zl768y1";"-tense-0jqz0zl768y5"[label="-tense"];"-round-0jqz0zl768xx"--"-tense-0jqz0zl768y5";"+low-0jqz0zl768y7"[label="+low"];"-tense-0jqz0zl768y5"--"+low-0jqz0zl768y7";"/ɑ/-0jqz0zl768y9"[label="/ɑ/"];"+low-0jqz0zl768y7"--"/ɑ/-0jqz0zl768y9";"-low-0jqz0zl768yd"[label="-low"];"-tense-0jqz0zl768y5"--"-low-0jqz0zl768yd";"/ɛ/-0jqz0zl768yf"[label="/ɛ/"];"-low-0jqz0zl768yd"--"/ɛ/-0jqz0zl768yf";}
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/eittlandic/vowel-feature-tree.png" alt="Eittlandic Vowel Featural Tree">Eittlandic Vowels Featural Tree</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- a {{{phon(ɑ)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- á {{{phon(ɛ)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- æ {{{phon(ɛ)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- e {{{phon(e)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- é {{{phon(ɛ)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- i {{{phon(i)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- í {{{phon(e)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- o {{{phon(o)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- ó {{{phon(ɔ)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- u {{{phon(u)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- ú {{{phon(o)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- y {{{phon(y)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
- ý {{{phon(ø)}}} ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Private Data :noexport:
|
||||||
|
#+name: vowels-featural-list
|
||||||
|
- vowels
|
||||||
|
- +high
|
||||||
|
- +round
|
||||||
|
- +front
|
||||||
|
- /y/
|
||||||
|
- -front
|
||||||
|
- /u/
|
||||||
|
- -round
|
||||||
|
- /i/
|
||||||
|
- -high
|
||||||
|
- +round
|
||||||
|
- +tense
|
||||||
|
- +front
|
||||||
|
- /ø/
|
||||||
|
- -front
|
||||||
|
- /o/
|
||||||
|
- -tense
|
||||||
|
- +low
|
||||||
|
- /œ/
|
||||||
|
- -low
|
||||||
|
- /ɔ/
|
||||||
|
- -round
|
||||||
|
- +tense
|
||||||
|
- /e/
|
||||||
|
- -tense
|
||||||
|
- +low
|
||||||
|
- /ɑ/
|
||||||
|
- -low
|
||||||
|
- /ɛ/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Consonant Inventory
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Private Data :noexport:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Pitch and Stress
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Regional accents
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic is a language in which three distinct main dialects exist
|
||||||
|
with their own accent. These three main dialects are Eastern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic spoken in the majority Kingdom of Hylfjaltr, Western
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic spoken in the majority of the Kingdom of Ðeberget, and
|
||||||
|
Southern Eittlandic spoken on the southern parts of the island,
|
||||||
|
regardess of the legal kingdom (see the map shown in [[file:./country.md#culture][Culture]]. Three
|
||||||
|
main elements of their respective accent were presented above in [[*r » ʁ (Eastern Eittlandic)][rule
|
||||||
|
18]], [[*V / _N » Ṽ\[-tense\] ! V\[+high\] (Southern Eittlandic)][rule 20]] and [[*V^{U} » ə ! diphthongs (Western Eittlandic)][rule 22]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Some regional variation can be also found in these dialects, although
|
||||||
|
less significant and less consistantly than the changes mentioned
|
||||||
|
above. As such, we can find in some rural parts of the Eastern
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic dialect area high vowels slightly more open than their
|
||||||
|
equivalent in Standard Eittlandic, as shown in table below.
|
||||||
|
#+name: vow:accent:east
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Equivalence Between Eastern Eittlandic and Standard Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
| <c> | <c> |
|
||||||
|
| Rural Eastern Eittlandic | Standard Eittlandic |
|
||||||
|
|--------------------------+---------------------|
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(i)}}} | {{{phon(ɪ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(y)}}} | {{{phon(ʏ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{phon(u)}}} | {{{phon(ʊ)}}} |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On the other hand, Southern Eittlandic tends to front its {{{phon(ɑ)}}} into
|
||||||
|
{{{phon(a)}}} after nasal consonants and glides and into {{{phon(ɐ)}}} otherwise.
|
415
docs/eittlandic/syntax.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Syntax
|
||||||
|
** Word Structure :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Word Classes
|
||||||
|
*** Nouns :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - What are the distributional properties of nouns?
|
||||||
|
# - What are the structural properties of nouns?
|
||||||
|
# - What are the major formally distinct subcategories of nouns?
|
||||||
|
# - What is the basic structure of the noun word (for polysynthetic
|
||||||
|
# languages) and/or noun phrases (for more isolating languages)?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Countables and Uncountables :noexport:
|
||||||
|
**** Proper Nouns :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Pronouns and Anaphoric Clitics :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - Does the language have free pronouns and/or anaphoric clitics?
|
||||||
|
# (These are distinct from grammatical agreement.)
|
||||||
|
# - Give a chart of the free pronouns and/or anaphoric clitics.
|
||||||
|
**** Personal Pronouns
|
||||||
|
**** Demonstrative Pronouns
|
||||||
|
**** Possessive Pronouns
|
||||||
|
*** Verbs :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - What are the distributional properties of verbs?
|
||||||
|
# - What are the structural properties of verbs?
|
||||||
|
# - What are the major subclasses of verbs?
|
||||||
|
# - Describe the order of various verbal operators within the verbal
|
||||||
|
# - word or verb phrase.
|
||||||
|
# - Give charts of th
|
||||||
|
# - tense/aspect/mode, etc. Indicate major allomorphic variants.
|
||||||
|
# - Are directional and/or locational notions expressed in the verb or
|
||||||
|
# - verb phrase at all?
|
||||||
|
# - Is this operation obligatory, i.e. does one member of the
|
||||||
|
# paradigm have to occur in every finite verb or verb phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - Is it productiv
|
||||||
|
# verb stems, and does it have the same meaning with each one?
|
||||||
|
# (Nothing is fully productive, but some operations are more
|
||||||
|
# productive than others.)
|
||||||
|
# - Is this operation primarily coded morphologically, analytically,
|
||||||
|
# or lexically? Are there any exceptions to the general case?
|
||||||
|
# - Where in the verb phrase or verbal word is this operation likely
|
||||||
|
# to appear? Can it occur in more than one place?
|
||||||
|
**** Verbal Structure
|
||||||
|
**** Verbal Derivations
|
||||||
|
**** Verbal Inflexions
|
||||||
|
*** Modifiers
|
||||||
|
# - If you posit a morphosyntactic category of adjectives, give
|
||||||
|
# evidence for not grouping theseforms with the verbs or nouns. What
|
||||||
|
# characterizes a form as being an adjective in this language?
|
||||||
|
# - How can you characterize semantically the class of concepts coded
|
||||||
|
# by this formal category?
|
||||||
|
# - Do adjectives agr
|
||||||
|
# noun class)?
|
||||||
|
# - What kind of syst
|
||||||
|
# - How high can a fluent native speaker count without resorting
|
||||||
|
# either to words from another language or to a generic word like
|
||||||
|
# /many/? Exemplify the system up to this point.
|
||||||
|
# - Do numerals agree with their head nouns (number, case, noun
|
||||||
|
# class, ...)?
|
||||||
|
**** Descriptive Adjectives :noexport:
|
||||||
|
**** Non-Numeral Quantifiers :noexport:
|
||||||
|
**** Numerals
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Adverbs :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - What characterikes a form as being an adverb in this language? If
|
||||||
|
# you posit a distinct class of adverbs, argue for why these forms
|
||||||
|
# should not be treated as nouns, verbs, or adjectives.
|
||||||
|
# - For each kind of adverb listed in this section, list a few members
|
||||||
|
# of the type, and specify whether there are any restrictions
|
||||||
|
# relavite to that type, e.g. where they can come in a clause, any
|
||||||
|
# morphemes common to the type, etc.
|
||||||
|
# - Are any of these classes of adverbs related to older
|
||||||
|
# complement-taking (matrix) verbs?
|
||||||
|
*** Adpositions :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Grammatical Particules :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Constituants Order Typology :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Constituants Order in Main Clauses
|
||||||
|
# - What is the neutral order of free elements in the unit?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there variations?
|
||||||
|
# - How do the variant orders function?
|
||||||
|
# - Specific to the main clause constituent order: What is the
|
||||||
|
# pragmatically neutral order of constituents (A/S, P, and V) in
|
||||||
|
# basic clauses of the language?
|
||||||
|
*** Constituants Order in Nominal Clauses
|
||||||
|
# - Describe the order(s) of elements in the noun phrase.
|
||||||
|
*** Constituants Order in Verbal Clauses
|
||||||
|
# - Where do auxliari
|
||||||
|
# verb?
|
||||||
|
# - Where do verb-phrase adverbs occur with respect to the verb and
|
||||||
|
# auxiliaries?
|
||||||
|
*** Adpositional Phrases
|
||||||
|
# - Is the language dominantly prepositional or post-positional? Give
|
||||||
|
# examples.
|
||||||
|
# - Do many adpositions come from nouns or verbs?
|
||||||
|
*** Comparatives
|
||||||
|
# - Does the language have one or more grammaticalized comparative
|
||||||
|
# constructions? If so, what is the order of the standard, the
|
||||||
|
# marker and the quality by which an item is compared to the
|
||||||
|
# standard?
|
||||||
|
*** Questions
|
||||||
|
# - In yes/no questions, if there is a question particle, where does
|
||||||
|
# it occur?
|
||||||
|
# - In information qu
|
||||||
|
** Structure of a Nominal Group
|
||||||
|
*** Composed Words :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - Is there noun-noun compounding that results in a noun (e.g.
|
||||||
|
# /windshield/)?
|
||||||
|
# - How do you know it is compounding?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there noun-verb (or verb-noun) compounding that results in a
|
||||||
|
# noun (e.g. /pickpocket/, /scarecrow/)?
|
||||||
|
# - Are these process
|
||||||
|
# can-opener)? How common is compounding?
|
||||||
|
*** Denominalization :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - Are there any processes (productive or not) that form a verb from
|
||||||
|
# a noun?
|
||||||
|
# - An adjective from a noun?
|
||||||
|
# - An adverb from a noun?
|
||||||
|
*** Numbers :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - Is number express
|
||||||
|
# - Is the distinction between singular and non-singular obligatory,
|
||||||
|
# optional, or completely absent in the noun phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - If number marking is “optional”, when does it tend to occur, and
|
||||||
|
# when does it tend not to occur?
|
||||||
|
# - If number marking is obligatory, is number overtly expressed for
|
||||||
|
# all noun phrases or only some subclasses of noun phrases, such as
|
||||||
|
# animate?
|
||||||
|
# - What non-singular distinctions are there?
|
||||||
|
*** Grammatical Case
|
||||||
|
# - Do nouns exhibit morphological case?
|
||||||
|
# - If so, what are the cases? (The functions of the cases will be
|
||||||
|
# elaborated in lat
|
||||||
|
**** Cases in Modern Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
Although seldom visible, as described in [[file:./syntax.md#case-marking][Case Marking]], cases still
|
||||||
|
remain part of the Eittlandic grammar, expressed through its syntax
|
||||||
|
rather than explicit marking on its nouns and adjectives. Four
|
||||||
|
different grammatical cases exist in this language: the *nominative*,
|
||||||
|
*accusative*, *genitive*, and *dative* case.
|
||||||
|
- The *nominative* case represents the subject of a sentence, that is,
|
||||||
|
the subject of intransitive clauses and the agent of transitive
|
||||||
|
clauses. As we’ll see below, it is morphologically marked only in
|
||||||
|
dialects other than Standard Eittlandic, and only if the word is a
|
||||||
|
strong masculine word.
|
||||||
|
- On the other hand *accusative*, like Old Norse, usually marks the
|
||||||
|
object of a verb, but it can also express time-related ideas such as
|
||||||
|
a duration in time, or after some prepositions. It is also the
|
||||||
|
default case when a noun has no clear status in a clause, and it can
|
||||||
|
as such serve as a vocative.
|
||||||
|
- *Dative* usually marks indirect objects of verbs in Old Norse, though
|
||||||
|
it can also often mark direct objects depending on the verb used.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Case Marking
|
||||||
|
Although present in Early Old Norse, the use of grammatical cases has
|
||||||
|
been on the decline since the Great Vowel Shift (see [[file:phonology.md#great-vowel-shift][Phonology: Great
|
||||||
|
Vowel Shift]]). Due to the general loss of word-final short vowels and
|
||||||
|
to regularization of its nouns, Eittlandic lost almost all of weak
|
||||||
|
nouns’ inflexions and a good amount in its strong nouns’ inflexions.
|
||||||
|
On top of this, the root of most nouns got regularized, getting rid of
|
||||||
|
former umlauts. Hence, while in Old Norse one might find the table
|
||||||
|
below presented in Cleasby and Vigfusson (1874), Modern Eittlandic is
|
||||||
|
simplified to the table following it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:old-norse-noun-inflexions
|
||||||
|
#+caption: 1st declension of strong nouns and declensions of masculine weak nouns in Old Norse
|
||||||
|
| / | <r> | | | | |
|
||||||
|
| | | Strong Masculine | Strong Feminine | Strong Neuter | Weak Masculine |
|
||||||
|
|---+------------+------------------+-----------------+---------------+----------------|
|
||||||
|
| | Sing. Nom. | heim-r | tíð | skip | tím-i |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | heim | tíð | skip | tím-a |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | heim-s | tíð-ar | skip-s | tím-a |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | heim-i | tíð | skip-i | tím-a |
|
||||||
|
| | Plur. Nom. | heim-ar | tíð-ir | skip | tím-ar |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | heim-a | tíð-ir | skip | tím-a |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | heim-a | tíð-a | skip-a | tím-a |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | heim-um | tíð-um | skip-um | tím-um |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:eittlandic-example-noun-inflexions
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Declensions for strong and weak nouns in Modern Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
| / | <r> | | | |
|
||||||
|
| | | Strong Common | Strong Neuter | Weak Nouns |
|
||||||
|
|---+------------+---------------+---------------+------------|
|
||||||
|
| | Sing. Nom. | heim-r | skip | tím |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | heim | skip | tím |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | heim-ar | skip-s | tím-s |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | heim | skip | tím |
|
||||||
|
| | Plur. Nom. | heim-r | skip | tím-r |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | heim | skip | tím |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | heim-ar | skip-s | tím-s |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | heim-um | skip-um | tím-um |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As you can see, a good amount of declensions disappeared from nouns,
|
||||||
|
with only four marked cases for strong common nouns and two for strong
|
||||||
|
neuter and weak nouns. The declension system completely merged weak
|
||||||
|
nouns which are no longer distinguished by gender. Strong masculine
|
||||||
|
and strong feminine also got merged into strong common.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Declensions are no longer productive in almost all Modern Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
dialects. They are still mostly used in formal and written speech, but
|
||||||
|
they are less and less used in less formal circumstances and in oral
|
||||||
|
speech. The Royal Academy for Literature, which authored Standard
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic, even recommends not using grammatical cases when using
|
||||||
|
this dialect as they are reduntand with other syntactic strategies.
|
||||||
|
While the recommendation is mostly followed, speakers still tend to
|
||||||
|
use the singular genetive declension oraly. Younger folks at the time
|
||||||
|
of writing even tend to regularize it as /-ar/ for strong neuter and
|
||||||
|
weak nouns.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The only exception to declensions no longer being productive is in the
|
||||||
|
Hylfjaltr Kingdom’s exclave in southern Eittland where speakers of its
|
||||||
|
local dialect tend instead to favor strong nouns for newer terms.
|
||||||
|
Hence, while most dialects agree on “internet” (pl.nom /internetr/,
|
||||||
|
pl.dat /internetum/) being a weak noun, this dialect treats it as either
|
||||||
|
a strong feminine (sg.gen /internetar/, pl.nom&acc /internetr/, pl.dat
|
||||||
|
/internetum/) or a strong neuter (sg.gen /internets/, pl.dat /internetum/)
|
||||||
|
--- the difference is due to subdivisions in said dialect, mainly
|
||||||
|
between rural and urban areas favoring the former and the latter
|
||||||
|
respectively.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There are some regular exceptions to the declension system. The first
|
||||||
|
one, inherited from Old Norse, is the /-r/ suffix becoming /-n/ or /-l/ when
|
||||||
|
a noun ends with an «n» or an «l» respectively, hence the table below
|
||||||
|
showing the declensions of strong masculine /himn/ (/heaven/) and strong
|
||||||
|
feminine /hafn/ (/harbour/, /haven/).
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:irregular-noun-declensions
|
||||||
|
| <r> | | |
|
||||||
|
| | himn | hafn |
|
||||||
|
|------------+--------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| Sing. Nom. | himnn | hafnn |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | himn | hafn |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | himnar | hafnar |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | himn | hafn |
|
||||||
|
| Plur. Nom. | himnn | hafnn |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | himn | hafn |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | himnar | hafnar |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | himnum | hafnum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
During the last five centuries, the root of the word got regularized
|
||||||
|
so that only one or two forms are allowed. Due to umlaut or ablaut, it
|
||||||
|
is possible the main vowel of a word changes between its singular and
|
||||||
|
plural form, even sometimes affecting its dative form. These changes
|
||||||
|
are due to old vowels long gone since --- with most even gone by the
|
||||||
|
time of Old Norse. These changes mainly remains in a few common words.
|
||||||
|
The table below gives some examples of such irregularities. These
|
||||||
|
words are marked as irregular in the dictionary.
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:irregularities-root-nouns
|
||||||
|
| <r> | | | | |
|
||||||
|
| | kettle (m.) | foot (m.) | book (f.) | water (n.) |
|
||||||
|
|------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------|
|
||||||
|
| Sing. Nom. | ketll | fótr | bók | vatn |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | ketl | fót | bók | vatn |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | ketlar | fótar | bókar | vatn |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | ketl | fót | bók | vatn |
|
||||||
|
| Plur. Nom. | katll | fœtr | bœkr | vótnn |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | katl | fœt | bœkr | vótn |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | katl | fœt | bœk | vótn |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | katlum | fótum | bókum | vótnum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Articles and Demonstratives
|
||||||
|
# - Do noun phrases have articles?
|
||||||
|
# - If so, are they obligatory or optional, and under what
|
||||||
|
# circumstances do they occur?
|
||||||
|
# - Are they separate words, or bound morphemes?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there a class of classes of demonstratives as distinct from
|
||||||
|
# articles?
|
||||||
|
# - How many degrees of distance are there in the system of
|
||||||
|
# demontsratives?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there other distinctions beside distances?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When the noun of a nominal group is not a mass noun or a proper noun,
|
||||||
|
an article must accompany it, except for indefinite plural nouns.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Indefinite Article
|
||||||
|
The indefinite article is /einn/, the same term as /one/ in Eittlandic. It
|
||||||
|
agrees in declension with its noun, though it is to be noted its
|
||||||
|
declension is irregular, as seen in table below. Similarly, other
|
||||||
|
numerals have declensions as discussed in [[file:word-structure-and-classes.md#numerals][Word Classes: Numerals]].
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:declension-einn
|
||||||
|
| | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|
||||||
|
|------+-----------+----------+--------|
|
||||||
|
| Nom. | einn | ein | eit |
|
||||||
|
| Acc. | ein | ein | eit |
|
||||||
|
| Dat. | ein | einn | eits |
|
||||||
|
| Gen. | einn | ein | eit |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Definite articles
|
||||||
|
As in other scandinavian languages, definite articles in Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
act as suffixes to the noun and fully replace its declension as it has
|
||||||
|
case marking itself. The full declension table of definite articles
|
||||||
|
can be found in the table below. As we can see, the definite articles
|
||||||
|
underwent an important regularization as well as merging strong neuter
|
||||||
|
and weak nouns together.
|
||||||
|
#+name: tbl:definite-articles
|
||||||
|
| / | <r> | | |
|
||||||
|
| | | Strong Common | Strong Neuter and Weak Nouns |
|
||||||
|
|---+------------+---------------+------------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| | Sing. Nom. | -(i)nn | -(i)t |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | -(i)n | -(i)t |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | -(i)ns | -(i)ts |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | -(i)n | -(i)t |
|
||||||
|
| | Plur. Nom. | -(i)nn | -(i)tr |
|
||||||
|
| | Acc. | -(i)n | -(i)t |
|
||||||
|
| | Gen. | -(i)n | -(i)t |
|
||||||
|
| | Dat. | -(i)num | -(i)tum |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The initial /i/ is only used when using the definite articles as a
|
||||||
|
suffix would cause a consonant cluster forbidden by Eittlandic
|
||||||
|
phonology, otherwise it is omitted. An example of the former case is
|
||||||
|
with /vatn/ (/water/) which becomes /vatnits/ when in its definite singular
|
||||||
|
genitive form, while /øy/ (/island/) becomes /øyns/ in the same form. Like
|
||||||
|
the indefinite article, the suffix agrees in gender, agreeing either
|
||||||
|
with strong masculine or feminine words (or as established before,
|
||||||
|
strong common) or with strong neuter and weak nouns.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The use of definite articles with nouns is further discussed in
|
||||||
|
[[file:./syntax.md#definiteness][Definiteness]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Definiteness
|
||||||
|
Definiteness in Eittlandic serves multiple purposes. Its most obvious
|
||||||
|
one is to distinguish between an indefinite and a definite entity, as
|
||||||
|
in English /a dog/ or /the dog/, respectively /einn hundr/ and /hundinn/, as
|
||||||
|
discussed in [[file:./syntax.md#articles-and-demonstratives][Articles and Demonstratives]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
However, definiteness is also necessary with suffixed possessives and
|
||||||
|
demonstrative.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Possessives
|
||||||
|
# - How are possessors expressed in the noun phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - Do nouns agree with their possessors? Do possessors agree with
|
||||||
|
# possessed nouns? Neither, or both?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there a distinction between alienable and inalienable
|
||||||
|
# possesson?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there other types of possession?
|
||||||
|
# - When the possessor is a full noun, where does it usually come with
|
||||||
|
# respect to the possessed noun?
|
||||||
|
*** Gender
|
||||||
|
# - Is there a noun class system?
|
||||||
|
# - What are the classes and how are they manifested in the noun
|
||||||
|
# phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - What dimension of reality is most central to the noun class system
|
||||||
|
# (e.g. animacy, shape, function, etc.)? What other dimensions are
|
||||||
|
# relevant?
|
||||||
|
# - Do the classifiers occur with numerals? Adjectives? Verbs?
|
||||||
|
# - What is their function in these contexts?
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic inherited from Old Norse a gender system divided into three
|
||||||
|
genders: male, female, and neuter. Although the number of elements
|
||||||
|
marking it declined during its evolution, Eittlandic still marks
|
||||||
|
gender in its strong nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and to a certain
|
||||||
|
degree in its articles. However, as mentioned in [[file:./syntax.md#case-marking][Case Marking]], case
|
||||||
|
marking and by extensions gender marking is slowly disappearing in
|
||||||
|
Modern Eittlandic nouns and adjectives.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Due to the presence of declensions with strong nouns and
|
||||||
|
adjectives, its pronouns, and to a certain degree different articles,
|
||||||
|
it can still be said Eittlandic is a gendered language although it
|
||||||
|
doesn’t hold much importance in its grammar anymore. Since strong
|
||||||
|
nouns aren’t productive anymore and weak nouns lost all obvious gender
|
||||||
|
differences, we can even consider gender as not productive anymore in
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic and bound to eventually disappear. In fact, the loss of
|
||||||
|
gender is even stronger in Standard Eittlandic due to the theoretical
|
||||||
|
absence of declensions in this dialect.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In case a strong noun is used with a strong adjective, both will agree
|
||||||
|
in number and gender.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
+ Examples:
|
||||||
|
- hvítr hund
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
white.m.sg.acc dog.m.sg.acc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
white dog
|
||||||
|
- langir tungir
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
long.f.pl.acc tongues.f.pl.acc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
long tongues
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Diminution and Augmentation :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# - Does the language employ diminutive and/or augmentative operators
|
||||||
|
# in the noun or noun phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - Questions to answ
|
||||||
|
# - Is this operation obligatory, i.e. does one member of the
|
||||||
|
# paradigm have to occur in every full noun phrase?
|
||||||
|
# - Is it productiv
|
||||||
|
# full noun phras
|
||||||
|
# one? (Nothing is fully productive, but some operations are more
|
||||||
|
# so than others.)
|
||||||
|
# - Is this operation primarily expressed lexically,
|
||||||
|
# morphologically, or analytically?
|
||||||
|
# - Where in the noun phrase is this operation likely to be located?
|
||||||
|
# - Can it occur in more than one place?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Predicates and Linked Constructions :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Nominal Predicates
|
||||||
|
# - How are proper inclusion and equative predicates formed?
|
||||||
|
# - What restrictions are there, if any, on the TAM marking of such
|
||||||
|
# clauses?
|
||||||
|
*** Adjective Predicates
|
||||||
|
# - How are predicate adjective formed? (Include a separate section on
|
||||||
|
# predicate adjectives only if they are structurally distinct from
|
||||||
|
# predicate nominals.)
|
||||||
|
*** Locative Predicat
|
||||||
|
# - How are locational clauses (or predicate locatives) formed?
|
||||||
|
*** Existential Predicates
|
||||||
|
# - How are existential clauses formed? (Give examples in different
|
||||||
|
# tense/aspects, especially if there is significant variation.)
|
||||||
|
# - How are negative
|
||||||
|
# - Are there extended uses of existential morphology? (Provide
|
||||||
|
# pointers to other relevant sections of the grammar.)
|
||||||
|
*** Possessive Clauses
|
||||||
|
# - How are possessiv
|
||||||
|
** Verbal Groups Structure :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Intransitive Clauses :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Ditransitive Clauses :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Dependent Type Clauses :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Non-Finite
|
||||||
|
*** Semi-Finite
|
||||||
|
*** Finite
|
79
docs/eittlandic/typology.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Typological Outline of the Eittlandic Language
|
||||||
|
# - Is the language dominantly isolating or polysynthetic?
|
||||||
|
# - If the language is at all polysynthetic, is it dominantly
|
||||||
|
# agglutinative or fusional? Give examples of its dominant pattern
|
||||||
|
# and any secondary patterns.
|
||||||
|
# - If the language is at all agglutinative, is it dominantly
|
||||||
|
# prefixing, suffixing or neither?
|
||||||
|
# - Illustrate the major and secondary patterns (including infixation,
|
||||||
|
# stem modification, reduplication, suprasegmental modification, and
|
||||||
|
# suppletion).
|
||||||
|
# - If the language is at all polysynthetic, is it dominantly
|
||||||
|
# "head-marking", "dependent-marking", or mixed?
|
||||||
|
# - Give some examples of each type of marking the language exhibits.
|
||||||
|
Over the last centuries, Eittlandic evolved to become a language
|
||||||
|
leaning more and more towards an analytic language, losing its
|
||||||
|
fusional aspect Old Eittlandic once had. It grammar now greatly relies
|
||||||
|
on its syntax as well as on grammatical particules rather than on its
|
||||||
|
morphology. Let’s take the following sentence as an example.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Barn etar fisk
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
barn et-ar fisk
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
child.nom eat-3sg fish.acc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A child is eating a fish
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In this sentence, the word order helps us understand the child is the
|
||||||
|
subject of the sentence while its subject is /fisk/, although we have no
|
||||||
|
information on their number; the sentence could also very well mean
|
||||||
|
/children are eating fishes/. Unlike in Old Eittlandic where we could
|
||||||
|
have the following sentences.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Barn etar fiska
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
barn et-ar fiska
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
child.nom eat-3sg fish-pl.acc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A child is eating fishes
|
||||||
|
- Fiska etar barn
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
fisk-a et-ar barn
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
fish-pl.acc eat-3sg child.nom
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A child is eating fishes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Both have the same meaning as the Eittlandic sentence. However, the
|
||||||
|
near-complete (or even complete in Standard Eittlandic) loss of case
|
||||||
|
marking makes the sentence /fisk barn etar/ much more gruesome.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Fisk etar barn
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
fisk et-ar barn
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
fish.nom eat-3sg barn.acc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A fish is eating a child
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Eittlandic is a V-2 language, meaning in most cases, finite verbs are
|
||||||
|
in second position in their clause and may be in first position
|
||||||
|
interrogative clauses and dependent clauses, as shown below.
|
||||||
|
- Han talð mér þat kom han hér í gær
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
han talð mér þat kom han hér í=gær
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3sg.m.nom tell-3sg.pret 1sg.dat that come.3sg.pret 3sg.m.nom here yesterday
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
He told me he came here yesterday
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Loss of case marking also affected adjectives which share most of
|
||||||
|
their declensions with nouns. The parts where Eittlandic retains its
|
||||||
|
fusional aspect is with verbs, where loss of its words’ final vowel
|
||||||
|
had much less impact, as we could see in /barn fisk etar/. In this case,
|
||||||
|
/etar/ is the third person singular declension of the verb /et/, a weak
|
||||||
|
verb.
|
23
docs/headers
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
|||||||
|
# -*- mode: org -*-
|
||||||
|
#+AUTHOR: Lucien Cartier-Tilet
|
||||||
|
#+EMAIL: lucien@phundrak.com
|
||||||
|
#+CREATOR: Lucien Cartier-Tilet
|
||||||
|
#+LANGUAGE: en
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# ### ORG OPTIONS ##############################################################
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+options: H:4 broken_links:mark email:t ^:{} tex:dvisvgm toc:nil
|
||||||
|
#+keywords: conlang, idéolangue, langue, langues, linguistique, linguistics, phundrak, drakpa
|
||||||
|
#+startup: content align hideblocks
|
||||||
|
#+property: header-args:emacs-lisp :noweb yes :exports none :eval yes :cache yes
|
||||||
|
#+property: header-args:dot :dir img :exports results :eval yes :cache yes :class gentree
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# ### MACROS ###################################################################
|
||||||
|
#+macro: newline @@html:<br>@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: latex-html @@latex:$1@@@@html:$2@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: phon @@html:/$1/@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: v @@html:<span class=vertical>$1</span>@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: begin-largetable @@html:<div class="largetable">@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: end-largetable @@html:</div>@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: recon *@@html:<i>$1</i>@@
|
||||||
|
#+macro: rune (eval (conlanging-to-org-runes $1 'eittlandic))
|
11
docs/index.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+title: P’undrak’s Constructed Languages
|
||||||
|
#+setupfile: headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* P’undrak’s Constructed Languages
|
||||||
|
** Introduction
|
||||||
|
Hi, I’m P’undrak (pronounced {{{phon(pʰynɖak̚)}}}), also known as Lucien
|
||||||
|
Cartier-Tilet. I create constructed languages and worlds, both for fun
|
||||||
|
and for my literary universe. As you might have guessed with the name
|
||||||
|
of this website, you will find here the documentation of my public
|
||||||
|
constructed languages. If you want to know more about me, you can head
|
||||||
|
to my [[https://phundrak.com/en][main website]].
|
64
docs/proto-nyqy/culture-and-people.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Culture of the Proto-Ñyqy People
|
||||||
|
While the Proto-Ñyqy is the most well attested cultural and linguistic
|
||||||
|
family, the temporal distance between the Proto-Ñyqy people and us
|
||||||
|
makes it extremely hard to reconstruct anything. The various branches
|
||||||
|
of the Ñyqy family evolved over the past eight to twelve past
|
||||||
|
millenia, and some changed pretty drastically compared to their
|
||||||
|
ancestors. Therefore, do not expect an in-depth description of what
|
||||||
|
their society was like, but rather what could be considered an
|
||||||
|
overview compared to some other culture descriptions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** The Name of the Language
|
||||||
|
First, it is important to know where the name of this language came
|
||||||
|
from. Since it has such a wide spread in this world, giving it a name
|
||||||
|
based on where its daughter branches went would give it a very long
|
||||||
|
name, or with a shorter one we would have very boring or limited names
|
||||||
|
--- the “Proto-Northern-Southern” language doesn’t sound very good,
|
||||||
|
and the “Proto-Mojhal-Andelian” language leaves other major branches
|
||||||
|
out, such as the Pritian branch which we cannot ommit, just as the
|
||||||
|
Mojhal and Andelian branches. So, researchers went with the
|
||||||
|
reconstructed word for the inclusive /we/: {{{recon(ñyqy)}}}. It itself is a
|
||||||
|
coumpound word made up of {{{recon(ñy)}}}, which is the first person
|
||||||
|
pronoun, and {{{recon(qy)}}} which is sometimes used as a grammatical
|
||||||
|
morpheme indicating a plural --- it also means six, as we will later
|
||||||
|
on, the number system of the Proto-Ñyqy people was a bit complex.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Geographical Location
|
||||||
|
It is often very hard to find the location of very old reconstructed
|
||||||
|
languages, such as the Proto-Mojhal language itself which location is
|
||||||
|
still not clearly known despite its name. But when it comes to the
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy people, we have a surprisingly good idea of where they
|
||||||
|
were: in the hot rainforests of the northern main continent, most
|
||||||
|
probably near nowadays’ Rhesodia. We know this thanks to some of their
|
||||||
|
reconstructed words which are typical for the other people that lived
|
||||||
|
or still live in hot rainforests, and these terms are older than the
|
||||||
|
split between the northern and southern groups. For instance, both
|
||||||
|
groups have a common ancestor word for /bongo/, {{{recon(zebec)}}}, as well as
|
||||||
|
for the /bonobo/, {{{recon(pœwec)}}}, which are only found in these
|
||||||
|
rainforests.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Society
|
||||||
|
The Proto-Ñyqy was a matriachal society, led most likely by older
|
||||||
|
women who had an important spiritual role. This cultural trait is
|
||||||
|
found in numerous daughter branches of the Ñyqy family, and it would
|
||||||
|
be unreasonable to think a large amount of them would change in the
|
||||||
|
same way despite many branches being most likely disconnected from one
|
||||||
|
another, and the patriarchal branches almost all retained women as
|
||||||
|
their spiritual figurehead, even if political power passed in the
|
||||||
|
hands of men.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Religion and Beliefs
|
||||||
|
This question might be the hardest of all to answer, as we can only
|
||||||
|
speculate based on the religions the daughter cultures of the Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
family had, as well as the few hints we can get through the Proto-Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
vocabulary. Through this keyhole, dusted by millenia of cultural and
|
||||||
|
linguistic changes, we can offer an initial answer. It seems the
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy reveered several gods, with however one god or goddes above
|
||||||
|
them called {{{recon(Qiisci)}}}, that might have been to them some form of
|
||||||
|
queen or some sort of god for the gods themselves. We can find for
|
||||||
|
instance this figure in the Mojhal patheon under the name of Kísce.
|
||||||
|
Other than the parental figure of this divinity, their role is vastly
|
||||||
|
unknown.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Personal Names :noexport:
|
71
docs/proto-nyqy/dictionary.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Dictionary
|
||||||
|
** B
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(beñ)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) tooth/teeth
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(bin)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) something bad, badness
|
||||||
|
2. (n) mischief, ill-will, maliciousness
|
||||||
|
3. (n) dirtiness
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** C
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(cø)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (pron) my, first person singular possessive pronoun
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** E
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** G
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** I
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** J
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** M
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** N
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(noc)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) old age
|
||||||
|
2. (n) elderly person
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(núc)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) youth
|
||||||
|
2. (n) youngster, teenager
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ñ
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(ñocm)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) human being
|
||||||
|
2. (n) someone
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(ñe)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) house
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** O
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ø
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Œ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** P
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(pœwec)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) bonobo
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(pom)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. genitive particle
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Q
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(qy)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (pron) first person singular
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** S
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** U
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Ú
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** W
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Y
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(yq)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. demonstrative of proximity, designating something visible by but
|
||||||
|
far from both speakers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Z
|
||||||
|
*** {{{recon(zebec)}}}
|
||||||
|
1. (n) bongo (antelope)
|
42
docs/proto-nyqy/functional-system.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Functional System
|
||||||
|
** Grammatical Relationship :noexport:
|
||||||
|
# Examplify some simple intransitive, transitive, and ditransitive
|
||||||
|
# clauses. Three-argument clauses may not unequivocally exist.
|
||||||
|
# - What are the grammatical erlations of this language? Give
|
||||||
|
# morphosyntactic evidence for each one that you propose.
|
||||||
|
# - Subject?
|
||||||
|
# - Ergative?
|
||||||
|
# - Absolutive?
|
||||||
|
# - Direct object?
|
||||||
|
# - Indirect object?
|
||||||
|
# There are basically four possible sources of evidence for
|
||||||
|
# grammatical relations:
|
||||||
|
# - morphological case on NPs
|
||||||
|
# - person marking on verbs
|
||||||
|
# - constituent order
|
||||||
|
# - some pragmatic hierarchy
|
||||||
|
# - Is the system of grammatical relations in basic (affirmative,
|
||||||
|
# declarative) clauses organized according to a
|
||||||
|
# nominative/accusative, ergative/absolutive, tripartite, or some
|
||||||
|
# other system?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there a split system for organizing grammatical relations? If
|
||||||
|
# so, what determines the split?
|
||||||
|
# - Is there split instransitivity? If so, what semantic or
|
||||||
|
# discourse/pragmatic factor conditions the split?
|
||||||
|
# - Does the system for pronouns and/or person marking on verbs
|
||||||
|
# operate on the same basis as that of full NPs?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there different grammatical-relation systems depending on
|
||||||
|
# the clause type (e.g. main vs. dependent clauses, affirmative
|
||||||
|
# vs. negative clauses)?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there different grammatical-relation assignment systems
|
||||||
|
# depending on the tense and/or aspect of the clause?
|
||||||
|
# - Are there any syntactic processes (e.g. conjunction reduction,
|
||||||
|
# relativization) that operate on an ergative/absolutive basis?
|
||||||
|
** Constructions Linked to Voice and Valence :noexport:
|
||||||
|
** Valence Increase :noexport:
|
||||||
|
*** Causative
|
||||||
|
*** Applicative
|
||||||
|
*** Dative Shift
|
||||||
|
*** Dative Interest
|
||||||
|
*** External Possession
|
1
docs/proto-nyqy/img
Symbolic link
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
|||||||
|
../.vuepress/public/img
|
15
docs/proto-nyqy/index.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Proto-Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The documentation is about a conlang I created. However, it will be
|
||||||
|
written as an in-universe document would be. Therefore, any reference
|
||||||
|
to other works, documents or people will be completely fictional. If
|
||||||
|
there is somewhere written along the lines of “there needs to be more
|
||||||
|
research done on the subject”, this simply means I haven’t written
|
||||||
|
anything on this subject, and I may or may not plan to. As you might
|
||||||
|
notice, the style of writing in this document will be inspired mainly
|
||||||
|
by the book /Indo-European Language and Culture/ by Benjamin W. Forston.
|
||||||
|
Go read this book if you haven’t already, it’s extremely interesting
|
||||||
|
(except for the part with the Old Irish and Vedic people and what
|
||||||
|
their kings and queens did with horses, I wish to unread that).
|
273
docs/proto-nyqy/introduction.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* Introduction
|
||||||
|
** Language Evolution
|
||||||
|
We are not sure which was the first language ever spoken in our world.
|
||||||
|
Was there even one primordial language, or were there several that
|
||||||
|
spontaneously appeared around our world here and there? We cannot know
|
||||||
|
for certain, this is too far back in our history. Some scientists
|
||||||
|
estimate the firsts of our kind to be gifted the ability to speak
|
||||||
|
lived some hundred of thousand of years back, maybe twice this period
|
||||||
|
even. There is absolutely no way to know what happened at that time
|
||||||
|
with non-physical activities, and we can only guess. We can better
|
||||||
|
guess how they lived, and how they died, than how they interacted with
|
||||||
|
each other, what was their social interaction like, and what were the
|
||||||
|
first words ever spoken on our planet. Maybe they began as grunts of
|
||||||
|
different pitches, with hand gestures, then two vowels became
|
||||||
|
distinct, a couple of consonants, and the first languages sprung from
|
||||||
|
that. This, we do not know, and this is not the subject of this book
|
||||||
|
anyways.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
What we do know is, languages evolve as time passes. One language can
|
||||||
|
morph in the way it is pronounced, in the way some words are used, in
|
||||||
|
the way they are shaped by their position and role in the sentence, by
|
||||||
|
how they are organized with each other. A language spoken two
|
||||||
|
centuries back will sound like its decendent today, but with a
|
||||||
|
noticeable difference. Jumping a couple of centuries back, and we lost
|
||||||
|
some intelligibility, and some sentences sound alien to us. A
|
||||||
|
millenium back, and while the language resonates, we cannot understand
|
||||||
|
it anymore. Going the other way around, travelling to the future,
|
||||||
|
would have the same effect, except that we would not necessarily
|
||||||
|
follow only one language, but several, for in different places,
|
||||||
|
different changes would take place. As time goes by, these differences
|
||||||
|
become more and more proeminent, and what was once the same langage
|
||||||
|
becomes several dialects that become less and less similar to one
|
||||||
|
another, until we end up with several languages, sister between
|
||||||
|
themselves, daughters to the initial language.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Relating Languages Between Themselves
|
||||||
|
We are not sure who first emited the theory of language evolution;
|
||||||
|
this has been lost to time during the great collapse two thousand
|
||||||
|
years back, and only a fraction of the knowledge from back then
|
||||||
|
survived the flow of time. We’re lucky even to know about this. It’s
|
||||||
|
the Professor Loqbrekh who, in 3489, first deciphered some books that
|
||||||
|
were found two decades prior, written in Énanonn. They described the
|
||||||
|
principle of language evolution, and how language families could be
|
||||||
|
reconstructed, how we could know languages are related, and a hint on
|
||||||
|
how mother languages we do not know could be reconstructed. The
|
||||||
|
principle on how historical linguistics are the following:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+begin_quote
|
||||||
|
If two languages share a great number of coincidentally similar
|
||||||
|
features, especially in their grammar, so much so that it cannot be
|
||||||
|
explained by chance only, then these two languages are surely related.
|
||||||
|
#+end_quote
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
By this process, we can recreate family trees of languages. Some are
|
||||||
|
more closely related to one another than some other, which are more
|
||||||
|
distant. Sometimes, it is even unsure if a language is related to a
|
||||||
|
language tree; maybe the language simply borrowed a good amount of
|
||||||
|
vocabulary from another language that we either now of, or died since.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The best attested languages are the ones we have written record of. In
|
||||||
|
a sense, we are lucky: while we do know a vast majority of the written
|
||||||
|
documents prior to the great collapse were lost during this sad event,
|
||||||
|
we still have a good amount of them left in various languages we can
|
||||||
|
analyze, and we still find some that were lost before then and found
|
||||||
|
back again. The earliest written record we ever found was from the
|
||||||
|
Loho language, the oldest member of the Mojhal language tree attested;
|
||||||
|
the Mojhal tree has been itself linked to the Ñyqy tree some fifty
|
||||||
|
years ago by the Pr Khorlan (3598).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: tree-language-family
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src dot :file proto-nyqy/nyqy-family-tree.png :exports none
|
||||||
|
digraph d {
|
||||||
|
graph[dpi=300,bgcolor="transparent"];
|
||||||
|
node[shape=plaintext];
|
||||||
|
ranksep=.75; size="7.5,7.5";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"-10000" -> "-8000" -> "-6000" -> "-5000" -> "-4500" ->
|
||||||
|
"-4000" -> "-3500" -> "-2000" ->
|
||||||
|
"-1000" -> "-500" -> present;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-8000";
|
||||||
|
protonyqy[label="Proto-Ñyqy\n6,000 to 10,000 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-5000";
|
||||||
|
protoma[label="Proto-Mojhal-Andelian\n4,000 to 6,000 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-4500";
|
||||||
|
prototiltinian[label="Proto-Tiltinian\nca. 4,500 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
protoandelian[label="Proto-Andelian\nca. 4,000 to 5,000 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-4000";
|
||||||
|
protomojhal[label="Proto-Mojhal\nca. 4,000 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-3500";
|
||||||
|
loho[label="Loho\nca. 3,500 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-2000";
|
||||||
|
oldpritian[label="Old Pritian\nca. 2,000 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
"ne’ic"[label="Ñe’ic\nca. 2,500 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-1000";
|
||||||
|
oryora[label="Old Ryora\nca. 1,300 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
oenanonn[label="Old Énanonn\nca. 900 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
omanniki[label="Old Manniki\nca. 1,200 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
midpritian[label="Middle Pritian\n 1,100 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
"-500";
|
||||||
|
oauc[label="Old Auc\n600 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
mmanniki[label="Middle Manniki\nca. 400 years ago"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
rank=same;
|
||||||
|
present;
|
||||||
|
enanonn[label="Énanonn"];
|
||||||
|
ryora[label="Ryora"];
|
||||||
|
auc[label="Auc"];
|
||||||
|
manniki[label="Manniki"];
|
||||||
|
pritian[label="Pritian"];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
protonyqy -> protoma;
|
||||||
|
protonyqy -> oldpritian;
|
||||||
|
protonyqy -> prototiltinian;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
protoma -> protomojhal;
|
||||||
|
protoma -> protoandelian;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
protomojhal -> loho;
|
||||||
|
protomojhal -> "ne’ic";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"ne’ic" -> oenanonn -> enanonn;
|
||||||
|
"ne’ic" -> omanniki -> mmanniki -> manniki;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
protoandelian -> oryora -> ryora;
|
||||||
|
protoandelian -> oauc -> auc;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
oldpritian -> midpritian -> pritian;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/proto-nyqy/nyqy-family-tree.png" alt="Ñyqy Family Tree">Ñyqy Family Tree</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Principles of Historical Linguistics
|
||||||
|
So, how does historical linguistics work? How does one know what the
|
||||||
|
mother language of a bunch of other languages is? In historical
|
||||||
|
linguistics, we study the similarities between languages and their
|
||||||
|
features. If a feature is obviously common, there is a good chance it
|
||||||
|
is inherited from a common ancestor. The same goes for words, we
|
||||||
|
generally take the average of several words, we estimate what their
|
||||||
|
ancestor word was like, and we estimate what sound change made these
|
||||||
|
words evolve the way they did. If this sound change consistently works
|
||||||
|
almost always, we know we hit right: sound changes are very regular,
|
||||||
|
and exceptions are very rare. And this is how we can reconstruct a
|
||||||
|
mother language that was lost to time thanks to its existing daughter
|
||||||
|
languages.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
But as we go back in time, it becomes harder and harder to get
|
||||||
|
reliable data. Through evolution, some information is lost --- maybe
|
||||||
|
there once was an inflectional system that was lost in all daughter
|
||||||
|
languages, and reconstructing that is nigh impossible. And since no
|
||||||
|
reconstruction can be attested, we need a way to distinguish these
|
||||||
|
from attested forms of words. This is why attested words are simply
|
||||||
|
written like “this”, while reconstructed words are written with a
|
||||||
|
preceding star like “{{{recon(this)}}}”. Sometimes, to distinguish both from
|
||||||
|
the text, you will see the word of interest be written either in *bold*
|
||||||
|
or /italics/. This bears no difference in meaning.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** On Proto-Languages
|
||||||
|
As we go back in time, there is a point at which we have to stop: we
|
||||||
|
no longer find any related language to our current family, or we can’t
|
||||||
|
find enough evidence that one of them is part of the family and if
|
||||||
|
they are related, they are very distantly related. This language we
|
||||||
|
cannot go beyond is called a proto-language, and it is the mother
|
||||||
|
language of the current language family tree. In our case, the
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy language, spoken by the Ñyqy people, is the mother language
|
||||||
|
of the Ñyqy language family tree and the ancestor of the more widely
|
||||||
|
known Mojhal languages.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There is something I want to insist on very clearly: a proto-language
|
||||||
|
is not a “prototype” language as we might think at first --- it is not
|
||||||
|
an imperfect, inferior language that still needs some iterations
|
||||||
|
before becoming a full-fledged language. It has been proven multiple
|
||||||
|
times multiple times around the world, despite the best efforts of the
|
||||||
|
researchers of a certain empire, that all languages are equally
|
||||||
|
complex regardless of ethnicity, education, time, and place. Languages
|
||||||
|
that are often described as “primitive” are either called so as a way
|
||||||
|
to indicate they are ancient, and therefore close to a proto-language,
|
||||||
|
or they are described so by people trying to belittle people based on
|
||||||
|
incorrect belief that some ethnicities are somehow greater or better
|
||||||
|
than others. This as well has been proven multiple times that this is
|
||||||
|
not true. A proto-language bore as much complexity as any of the
|
||||||
|
languages currently spoken around the world, and a primitive language
|
||||||
|
in linguistic terms is a language close in time to these
|
||||||
|
proto-languages, such as the Proto-Mojhal language (which is also in
|
||||||
|
turn the proto-language of the Mojhal tree). The only reason these
|
||||||
|
languages might seem simpler is because we do not know them and cannot
|
||||||
|
know them in their entierty, so of course some features are missing
|
||||||
|
from it, but they were surely there.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note that “Proto-Ñyqy” is the usual and most widely accepted spelling
|
||||||
|
of the name of the language and culture, but other spellings are
|
||||||
|
accepted such as “Proto Ñy Qy”, “Proto Ñy Ħy”, “Proto Ḿy Qy”, or
|
||||||
|
“Proto Ḿy Ħy”, each with their equivalent with one word only after the
|
||||||
|
“Proto” part. As we’ll see later in [[file:phonology.md#consonants][Phonology: Consonants]], the actual
|
||||||
|
pronunciation of consonants is extremely uncertain, and each one of
|
||||||
|
these orthographies are based on one of the possible pronunciations of
|
||||||
|
the term {{{recon(ñyqy)}}}. In this book, we’ll use the so called
|
||||||
|
“coronal-only” orthography, unless mentionned otherwise. Some people
|
||||||
|
also have the very bad habit of dubbing this language and culture as
|
||||||
|
simply “Ñyqy” (or one of its variants), but this is very wrong, as the
|
||||||
|
term “Ñyqy” designates the whole familiy of languages and cultures
|
||||||
|
that come from the Proto-Ñyqy people. The Tiltinian languages are as
|
||||||
|
much Tiltinian as they are Ñyqy languages, but that does not mean they
|
||||||
|
are the same as the Proto-Ñyqy language, even if they are relatively
|
||||||
|
close in terms of time. When speaking about something that is “Ñyqy”,
|
||||||
|
we are generally speaking about daughter languages and cultures and
|
||||||
|
not about the Proto-Ñyqy language and culture itself.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Note also we usually write this language with groups of morphemes,
|
||||||
|
such as a noun group, as one word like we do with {{{recon(ñyqy)}}}.
|
||||||
|
However, when needed we might separate the morphemes by a dash, such
|
||||||
|
as in {{{recon(ñy-qy)}}}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Reconstructing the Culture Associated to the Language
|
||||||
|
While the comparative method described in [[file:introduction.md#principles-of-historical-linguistics][Principles of Historical
|
||||||
|
Linguistics]] work on languages, we also have good reasons to believe
|
||||||
|
they also work of culture: if elements of different cultures that
|
||||||
|
share a language from the same family also share similar cultural
|
||||||
|
elements, we have good reasons to believe these elements were
|
||||||
|
inherited from an earlier stage of a common culture. This is an entire
|
||||||
|
field of research in its own right, of course, but linguistics also
|
||||||
|
come in handy when trying to figure out the culture of the Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
people: the presence of certain words can indicate the presence of
|
||||||
|
what they meant, while the impossibility of recreating a word at this
|
||||||
|
stage of the language might indicate it only appeared in later stages
|
||||||
|
of its evolution, and it only influenced parts of the decendents of
|
||||||
|
the culture and language. For instance, the lack of word for “honey”
|
||||||
|
in Proto-Ñyqy but the ability to reconstruct a separate word for both
|
||||||
|
the northern and southern branches strongly suggests both branches
|
||||||
|
discovered honey only after the Proto-Ñyqy language split up into
|
||||||
|
different languages, and its people in different groups, while the
|
||||||
|
easy reconstruction of {{{recon(mygú)}}} signifying /monkey/ strongly suggests
|
||||||
|
both branches knew about this animal well before these two groups
|
||||||
|
split up. More on their culture in [[file:culture-and-people.md][Culture and People]].
|
290
docs/proto-nyqy/phonology.org
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
|
|||||||
|
#+setupfile: ../headers
|
||||||
|
* Phonetics and Phonology of Proto-Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
** Phonetic Inventory and Translitteration
|
||||||
|
*** Vowels
|
||||||
|
As we stand today, eight vowels were reconstructed for Proto-Ñyqy, as
|
||||||
|
presented in the table below.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+NAME: table:vowels:trans
|
||||||
|
#+CAPTION: Proto-Ñyqy Vowels
|
||||||
|
#+ATTR_LATEX: :placement [htb]
|
||||||
|
| | antérieures | postérieures |
|
||||||
|
|-------------+-------------+--------------|
|
||||||
|
| fermées | y | ú |
|
||||||
|
| pré-fermées | i | u |
|
||||||
|
| mi-fermées | ø | œ |
|
||||||
|
| mi-ouvertes | e | o |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Below is a short guide to their pronunciation:
|
||||||
|
- e :: {{{phon(*ɛ)}}} as in General American English /“bed”/ [bɛd]
|
||||||
|
- i :: {{{phon(*ɪ)}}} as in General American English /“bit”/ [bɪt]
|
||||||
|
- o :: {{{phon(*ɔ)}}} as in General American English /“thought”/ [θɔːt]
|
||||||
|
- ø :: {{{phon(*ø)}}} as in French /“peu”/ [pø]
|
||||||
|
- œ :: {{{phon(*ɤ)}}} as in Scottish Gaelic /“doirbh”/ [d̪̊ɤrʲɤv]
|
||||||
|
- u :: {{{phon(*ʊ)}}} as in General American English /“hook”/ [hʊ̞k]
|
||||||
|
- ú :: {{{phon(*u)}}} as in General American English /“boot”/ [bu̟ːt]
|
||||||
|
- y :: {{{phon(*y)}}} as in French /“dune”/ [d̪yn]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We also have a ninth vowel, noted «ə» which denotes an unknown vowel.
|
||||||
|
It is most likely this was before the Proto-Ñyqy breakup a simple
|
||||||
|
schwa standing where a vowel got reduced either at an earlier stage
|
||||||
|
than Proto-Ñyqy or during the breakup of the language. Depending on
|
||||||
|
the languages that evolved from Proto-Ñyqy, some got rid of it later
|
||||||
|
while some other reinstated it as a full vowel with different rules
|
||||||
|
each on which vowel it would become. Thus in the current stage of
|
||||||
|
reasearch on Proto-Ñyqy, we cannot know for certain which vowel it
|
||||||
|
should have been.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It is however possible to create a featural tree for the known vowels,
|
||||||
|
determining which would have been considered closer to others, as
|
||||||
|
seens with the vowel tree below.
|
||||||
|
#+NAME: vow-tree
|
||||||
|
#+header: :var vowels=vowels-featural-list
|
||||||
|
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :wrap "src dot :file proto-nyqy/vowel-feature-tree.png :exports none"
|
||||||
|
(conlanging-list-to-graphviz vowels)
|
||||||
|
#+END_SRC
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+RESULTS[eaefac0c72a08ab3e9f428c0d312996e99dc0502]: vow-tree
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src dot :file proto-nyqy/vowel-feature-tree.png :exports none
|
||||||
|
graph{graph[dpi=300,bgcolor="transparent"];node[shape=plaintext];"vowels-0jqz10ex3ux6"[label="vowels"];"+back-0jqz10ex3uxr"[label="+back"];"vowels-0jqz10ex3ux6"--"+back-0jqz10ex3uxr";"+tense-0jqz10ex3uy2"[label="+tense"];"+back-0jqz10ex3uxr"--"+tense-0jqz10ex3uy2";"+high-0jqz10ex3uyb"[label="+high"];"+tense-0jqz10ex3uy2"--"+high-0jqz10ex3uyb";"/u/-0jqz10ex3uyk"[label="/u/"];"+high-0jqz10ex3uyb"--"/u/-0jqz10ex3uyk";"-high-0jqz10ex3uz6"[label="-high"];"+tense-0jqz10ex3uy2"--"-high-0jqz10ex3uz6";"/ɤ/-0jqz10ex3uzg"[label="/ɤ/"];"-high-0jqz10ex3uz6"--"/ɤ/-0jqz10ex3uzg";"-tense-0jqz10ex3v0u"[label="-tense"];"+back-0jqz10ex3uxr"--"-tense-0jqz10ex3v0u";"+high-0jqz10ex3v14"[label="+high"];"-tense-0jqz10ex3v0u"--"+high-0jqz10ex3v14";"/ʊ/-0jqz10ex3v1d"[label="/ʊ/"];"+high-0jqz10ex3v14"--"/ʊ/-0jqz10ex3v1d";"-high-0jqz10ex3v20"[label="-high"];"-tense-0jqz10ex3v0u"--"-high-0jqz10ex3v20";"/ɔ/-0jqz10ex3v29"[label="/ɔ/"];"-high-0jqz10ex3v20"--"/ɔ/-0jqz10ex3v29";"-back-0jqz10ex3v4z"[label="-back"];"vowels-0jqz10ex3ux6"--"-back-0jqz10ex3v4z";"+tense-0jqz10ex3v59"[label="+tense"];"-back-0jqz10ex3v4z"--"+tense-0jqz10ex3v59";"+high-0jqz10ex3v5i"[label="+high"];"+tense-0jqz10ex3v59"--"+high-0jqz10ex3v5i";"/y/-0jqz10ex3v5r"[label="/y/"];"+high-0jqz10ex3v5i"--"/y/-0jqz10ex3v5r";"-high-0jqz10ex3v6c"[label="-high"];"+tense-0jqz10ex3v59"--"-high-0jqz10ex3v6c";"/ø/-0jqz10ex3v6m"[label="/ø/"];"-high-0jqz10ex3v6c"--"/ø/-0jqz10ex3v6m";"-tense-0jqz10ex3v7w"[label="-tense"];"-back-0jqz10ex3v4z"--"-tense-0jqz10ex3v7w";"+high-0jqz10ex3v86"[label="+high"];"-tense-0jqz10ex3v7w"--"+high-0jqz10ex3v86";"/ɪ/-0jqz10ex3v8f"[label="/ɪ/"];"+high-0jqz10ex3v86"--"/ɪ/-0jqz10ex3v8f";"-high-0jqz10ex3v91"[label="-high"];"-tense-0jqz10ex3v7w"--"-high-0jqz10ex3v91";"/ɛ/-0jqz10ex3v9a"[label="/ɛ/"];"-high-0jqz10ex3v91"--"/ɛ/-0jqz10ex3v9a";}
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/proto-nyqy/vowel-feature-tree.png" alt="Proto-Ñyqy Vowel Featural Tree">Proto-Ñyqy Vowels Featural Tree</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Private Data :noexport:
|
||||||
|
#+name: vowels-featural-list
|
||||||
|
- vowels
|
||||||
|
- +back
|
||||||
|
- +tense
|
||||||
|
- +high
|
||||||
|
- /u/
|
||||||
|
- -high
|
||||||
|
- /ɤ/
|
||||||
|
- -tense
|
||||||
|
- +high
|
||||||
|
- /ʊ/
|
||||||
|
- -high
|
||||||
|
- /ɔ/
|
||||||
|
- -back
|
||||||
|
- +tense
|
||||||
|
- +high
|
||||||
|
- /y/
|
||||||
|
- -high
|
||||||
|
- /ø/
|
||||||
|
- -tense
|
||||||
|
- +high
|
||||||
|
- /ɪ/
|
||||||
|
- -high
|
||||||
|
- /ɛ/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Consonants
|
||||||
|
The topic of consonants, unlike vowels, is a hot debate among
|
||||||
|
linguists. while we are pretty sure proto-ñyqy has twelve consonants,
|
||||||
|
we are still unsure which consonants they are due to the extreme
|
||||||
|
unstability of the dorsal feature, and there is seemingly no
|
||||||
|
consistency as to how the consonants stabilized in the different
|
||||||
|
languages that emerged from the proto-ñyqy breakup. it is only in the
|
||||||
|
recent years Ishy Maeln proposed a new theory that is gaining traction
|
||||||
|
among proto-ñyqy specialists: each consonant could be pronounced
|
||||||
|
either as a dorsal or as a non-dorsal depending on its environment and
|
||||||
|
both potential pronunciation can be correct. she even goes further and
|
||||||
|
proposes proto-ñyqy had an alternating rule stating a given consonant
|
||||||
|
had to be non-dorsal if the previous one was, and vice versa. this
|
||||||
|
would explain the common pattern of dorsal consonants alternation
|
||||||
|
found in some early languages found after the breakup such as
|
||||||
|
proto-mojhal. this phenomenon is more thouroughly explained in
|
||||||
|
[[file:phonology.md#consonants][Consonants]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can find the featural tree of the Proto-Ñyqy consonants in the
|
||||||
|
consonant tree below. Each grapheme displays below its dorsal
|
||||||
|
pronunciation on the left and its non-dorsal pronunciation on the
|
||||||
|
right.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: cons-tree
|
||||||
|
#+header: :var consonants=consonants-featural-list
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :wrap "src dot :file proto-nyqy/consonant-feature-tree.png :exports none"
|
||||||
|
(conlanging-list-to-graphviz consonants)
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+RESULTS[084ff9041851d57a11859fbe86f3939212c0caf5]: cons-tree
|
||||||
|
#+begin_src dot :file proto-nyqy/consonant-feature-tree.png :exports none
|
||||||
|
graph{graph[dpi=300,bgcolor="transparent"];node[shape=plaintext];"consonants-0jqz10keat1f"[label="consonants"];"+coronal-0jqz10keat1m"[label="+coronal"];"consonants-0jqz10keat1f"--"+coronal-0jqz10keat1m";"+anterior-0jqz10keat1p"[label="+anterior"];"+coronal-0jqz10keat1m"--"+anterior-0jqz10keat1p";"+voice-0jqz10keat1r"[label="+voice"];"+anterior-0jqz10keat1p"--"+voice-0jqz10keat1r";"+nasal-0jqz10keat1t"[label="+nasal"];"+voice-0jqz10keat1r"--"+nasal-0jqz10keat1t";"n\nɳ / n-0jqz10keat1v"[label="n\nɳ / n"];"+nasal-0jqz10keat1t"--"n\nɳ / n-0jqz10keat1v";"-nasal-0jqz10keat21"[label="-nasal"];"+voice-0jqz10keat1r"--"-nasal-0jqz10keat21";"z\nʝ / z-0jqz10keat22"[label="z\nʝ / z"];"-nasal-0jqz10keat21"--"z\nʝ / z-0jqz10keat22";"-voice-0jqz10keat2d"[label="-voice"];"+anterior-0jqz10keat1p"--"-voice-0jqz10keat2d";"s\nç / s-0jqz10keat2e"[label="s\nç / s"];"-voice-0jqz10keat2d"--"s\nç / s-0jqz10keat2e";"-anterior-0jqz10keat2t"[label="-anterior"];"+coronal-0jqz10keat1m"--"-anterior-0jqz10keat2t";"+voice-0jqz10keat2v"[label="+voice"];"-anterior-0jqz10keat2t"--"+voice-0jqz10keat2v";"j\nɟ / d͡ʒ-0jqz10keat2y"[label="j\nɟ / d͡ʒ"];"+voice-0jqz10keat2v"--"j\nɟ / d͡ʒ-0jqz10keat2y";"- voice-0jqz10keat34"[label="- voice"];"-anterior-0jqz10keat2t"--"- voice-0jqz10keat34";"c\nc / t͡ʃ-0jqz10keat36"[label="c\nc / t͡ʃ"];"- voice-0jqz10keat34"--"c\nc / t͡ʃ-0jqz10keat36";"-coronal-0jqz10keat5e"[label="-coronal"];"consonants-0jqz10keat1f"--"-coronal-0jqz10keat5e";"+voice-0jqz10keat5g"[label="+voice"];"-coronal-0jqz10keat5e"--"+voice-0jqz10keat5g";"+nasal-0jqz10keat5i"[label="+nasal"];"+voice-0jqz10keat5g"--"+nasal-0jqz10keat5i";"+labial-0jqz10keat5k"[label="+labial"];"+nasal-0jqz10keat5i"--"+labial-0jqz10keat5k";"m\nŋ͡m / m-0jqz10keat5m"[label="m\nŋ͡m / m"];"+labial-0jqz10keat5k"--"m\nŋ͡m / m-0jqz10keat5m";"-labial-0jqz10keat5r"[label="-labial"];"+nasal-0jqz10keat5i"--"-labial-0jqz10keat5r";"ñ\nɴ / ɦ̃-0jqz10keat5t"[label="ñ\nɴ / ɦ̃"];"-labial-0jqz10keat5r"--"ñ\nɴ / ɦ̃-0jqz10keat5t";"-nasal-0jqz10keat63"[label="-nasal"];"+voice-0jqz10keat5g"--"-nasal-0jqz10keat63";"+labial-0jqz10keat65"[label="+labial"];"-nasal-0jqz10keat63"--"+labial-0jqz10keat65";"+constricted-0jqz10keat67"[label="+constricted"];"+labial-0jqz10keat65"--"+constricted-0jqz10keat67";"w\nw / v-0jqz10keat6d"[label="w\nw / v"];"+constricted-0jqz10keat67"--"w\nw / v-0jqz10keat6d";"-constricted-0jqz10keat6h"[label="-constricted"];"+labial-0jqz10keat65"--"-constricted-0jqz10keat6h";"b\ng͡b / b-0jqz10keat6k"[label="b\ng͡b / b"];"-constricted-0jqz10keat6h"--"b\ng͡b / b-0jqz10keat6k";"-labial-0jqz10keat6u"[label="-labial"];"-nasal-0jqz10keat63"--"-labial-0jqz10keat6u";"g\nɡ / ʕ-0jqz10keat6w"[label="g\nɡ / ʕ"];"-labial-0jqz10keat6u"--"g\nɡ / ʕ-0jqz10keat6w";"-voice-0jqz10keat7t"[label="-voice"];"-coronal-0jqz10keat5e"--"-voice-0jqz10keat7t";"+labial-0jqz10keat7v"[label="+labial"];"-voice-0jqz10keat7t"--"+labial-0jqz10keat7v";"p\nk͡p / p-0jqz10keat7w"[label="p\nk͡p / p"];"+labial-0jqz10keat7v"--"p\nk͡p / p-0jqz10keat7w";"-labial-0jqz10keat81"[label="-labial"];"-voice-0jqz10keat7t"--"-labial-0jqz10keat81";"q\nq / ħ-0jqz10keat83"[label="q\nq / ħ"];"-labial-0jqz10keat81"--"q\nq / ħ-0jqz10keat83";}
|
||||||
|
#+end_src
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+html: <ImgFigure src="/img/proto-nyqy/consonant-feature-tree.png" alt="Feature Tree of Proto-Ñyqy Consonants">Feature Tree of Proto-Ñyqy Consonants</ImgFigure>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As you can see, each one of the consonants have their two alternative
|
||||||
|
indicated below their grapheme. In the case of the coronal consonants,
|
||||||
|
the alternative consonant is obtained by replacing the anterior
|
||||||
|
feature by the dorsal feature when it is present.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The way of writing consonants was therefore standardized as presented
|
||||||
|
in the table below.
|
||||||
|
#+name: table:consonants-pronunciation
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Possible Pronunciations of the Proto-Ñyqy Consonants
|
||||||
|
| Main Grapheme | Dorsal Phoneme | Non-Dorsal Phoneme | Alternate Grapheme |
|
||||||
|
|---------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------|
|
||||||
|
| ñ | {{{phon(*ɴ)}}} | {{{phon(*ɦ̃)}}} | ḿ |
|
||||||
|
| q | {{{phon(*q)}}} | {{{phon(*ħ)}}} | ħ, h_{1} |
|
||||||
|
| g | {{{phon(*ɢ)}}} | {{{phon(*ʕ)}}} | ȟ, h_{2} |
|
||||||
|
| c | {{{phon(*c)}}} | {{{phon(*t͡ʃ)}}} | ł |
|
||||||
|
| j | {{{phon(*ɟ)}}} | {{{phon(*d͡ʒ)}}} | ʒ |
|
||||||
|
| w | {{{phon(*w)}}} | {{{phon(*v)}}} | l |
|
||||||
|
| m | {{{phon(*ŋ͡m)}}} | {{{phon(*m)}}} | r, r_{1} |
|
||||||
|
| p | {{{phon(*χ)}}} | {{{phon(*p)}}} | xh, r_{2} |
|
||||||
|
| b | {{{phon(*g͡b)}}} | {{{phon(*b)}}} | rh, r_{3} |
|
||||||
|
| n | {{{phon(*ɳ)}}} | {{{phon(*n)}}} | y |
|
||||||
|
| s | {{{phon(*ç)}}} | {{{phon(*s)}}} | x, r_{4} |
|
||||||
|
| z | {{{phon(*ʝ)}}} | {{{phon(*z)}}} | ɣ, r_{5} |
|
||||||
|
For each of these consonants, the letter chosen represents what we
|
||||||
|
suppose was the most common or the default pronunciation of the
|
||||||
|
consonant represented. In the table are also included alternate
|
||||||
|
graphemes you might find in other, mostly older works, though they are
|
||||||
|
mostly deprecated now.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As you can see, Proto-Ñyqy had potentially two different consonants
|
||||||
|
that could be pronounced as {{{phon(*m)}}}. Although it did not influence
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy as far as we know, it definitively influenced the Pritian
|
||||||
|
branch of the family, with «ñ» and «m» influencing differently the
|
||||||
|
vowel following it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Several consonants used to be unknown at the beginnings of the
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy study, as can be seen with the old usage of «h_{1}, h_{2}, r_{1},
|
||||||
|
r_{2}, r_{3}, r_{4}, and r_{5}». These are found mostly in the earlier documents
|
||||||
|
but progressively dissapear as our understanding of the Proto-Ñyqy
|
||||||
|
grew during the past century. They are not used anymore, but any
|
||||||
|
student that wishes to read older documents on Proto-Ñyqy should be
|
||||||
|
aware of these.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**** Private Data :noexport:
|
||||||
|
#+name: consonants-featural-list
|
||||||
|
- consonants
|
||||||
|
- +coronal
|
||||||
|
- +anterior
|
||||||
|
- +voice
|
||||||
|
- +nasal
|
||||||
|
- n\nɳ / n
|
||||||
|
- -nasal
|
||||||
|
- z\nʝ / z
|
||||||
|
- -voice
|
||||||
|
- s\nç / s
|
||||||
|
- -anterior
|
||||||
|
- +voice
|
||||||
|
- j\nɟ / d͡ʒ
|
||||||
|
- - voice
|
||||||
|
- c\nc / t͡ʃ
|
||||||
|
- -coronal
|
||||||
|
- +voice
|
||||||
|
- +nasal
|
||||||
|
- +labial
|
||||||
|
- m\nŋ͡m / m
|
||||||
|
- -labial
|
||||||
|
- ñ\nɴ / ɦ̃
|
||||||
|
- -nasal
|
||||||
|
- +labial
|
||||||
|
- +constricted
|
||||||
|
- w\nw / v
|
||||||
|
- -constricted
|
||||||
|
- b\ng͡b / b
|
||||||
|
- -labial
|
||||||
|
- g\nɡ / ʕ
|
||||||
|
- -voice
|
||||||
|
- +labial
|
||||||
|
- p\nk͡p / p
|
||||||
|
- -labial
|
||||||
|
- q\nq / ħ
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Pitch and Stress
|
||||||
|
It is definitively known Proto-Ñyqy had a stress system that was used
|
||||||
|
both on a clause and on a word level, as the languages that evolved
|
||||||
|
from it inherited this characteristic. However, it is not possible to
|
||||||
|
reconstruct it accurately, we only know the vowel «ə» was unstressed
|
||||||
|
and only appeared in words with two syllables or more. However, we do
|
||||||
|
not know if it had any morphological meaning or if it was productive.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
On the other hand, we are much less sure about whether it had a pitch
|
||||||
|
system, and if it did whether it was productive or not. Most of the
|
||||||
|
languages that evolved from Proto-Ñyqy had or have one such as the
|
||||||
|
Mojhal-Andelian family, but some don’t such as the Pritian family. The
|
||||||
|
most commonly accepted answer is a pitch system appeared after the
|
||||||
|
breakup of the pitchless branches which happenned earlier than the
|
||||||
|
other branches which do have a pitch system. In reconstructed
|
||||||
|
Proto-Ñyqy however, if such a system was present, pitches were most
|
||||||
|
likely non-phonemic and unproductive. It only gained productivity in
|
||||||
|
later stages, after the first breakups we know, in a common unknown
|
||||||
|
ancestor language of the branches which did or still do have either an
|
||||||
|
accent or a pitch system, and even there the evolutions seem to have
|
||||||
|
happened in different ways depending on the branches. It is therefore
|
||||||
|
impossible to know what the pitch system of Proto-Ñyqy was if it had
|
||||||
|
one.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
** Phonotactics
|
||||||
|
*** Syllable Structure
|
||||||
|
The prototypical syllable in Proto-Ñyqy appears as a (C)V(C)(C)
|
||||||
|
syllable with at least one consonant around the vowel, either in the
|
||||||
|
onset or in the coda. At most, it can have one consonant in the onset
|
||||||
|
and two in the coda.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
No special rule have been found to rule the onset, it can host any
|
||||||
|
consonant without any effect on the vowel.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
However, it has been found the coda has some rules:
|
||||||
|
- two nasal consonants cannot follow each other --- no {{{recon(-ñm)}}}
|
||||||
|
- two coronal consonants cannot follow each other --- no {{{recon(-ns)}}}
|
||||||
|
- labial consonants are never found with another consonant in the coda
|
||||||
|
--- no {{{recon(-ps)}}}
|
||||||
|
For instance, {{{recon(noc zebec)}}} would be pronounced as {{{recon(noc
|
||||||
|
gebec)}}}. It is most likely the features to chose from when converting a
|
||||||
|
consonant from a coronal to a non-coronal were considered as absent by
|
||||||
|
default. This results in the table below --- as you can see, the pair
|
||||||
|
«z» and «j» and the pair «s» and «c» convert to the same consonant
|
||||||
|
respectively.
|
||||||
|
#+name: table:coronal-to-non-coronal-consonants
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Conversion Table of Coronal to Non-Coronal Consonants
|
||||||
|
| Coronal Consonant | Non-Coronal Consonant |
|
||||||
|
|-------------------+-----------------------|
|
||||||
|
| n | ñ |
|
||||||
|
| z | g |
|
||||||
|
| s | q |
|
||||||
|
| j | g |
|
||||||
|
| c | q |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It has also been found that if two coronal consonants do follow each
|
||||||
|
other in cross-syllabic environments, with the first one in the coda
|
||||||
|
of a first syllable and the second one in the onset of a second
|
||||||
|
syllable, then the former will become voiced as the latter.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Similarly, if two nasal consonants are found near each other in a
|
||||||
|
cross-syllabic environment, the second nasal consonant will become
|
||||||
|
denasalized. Thus, we get the conversion table below.
|
||||||
|
#+name: table:consonants-denasalization
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Denasalization Table for Proto-Ñyqy Consonants
|
||||||
|
| Nasal Consonant | Non-Nasal Consonant |
|
||||||
|
|-----------------+---------------------|
|
||||||
|
| n | z |
|
||||||
|
| m | w |
|
||||||
|
| ñ | b |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It has also been found a schwa tends to appear between syllables when
|
||||||
|
the first one ends with two consonants and the second one begins with
|
||||||
|
one.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*** Consonantal Dorsal Alternation
|
||||||
|
As mentioned above in [[file:phonology.md#consonants][Consonants]], it seems probable according to
|
||||||
|
Maeln’s theory consonants were alternating between dorsals and
|
||||||
|
non-dorsals. We do not know if it only happened between words, within
|
||||||
|
words, or along whole clauses, but this would explain much of the
|
||||||
|
different languages that evolved from Proto-Ñyqy. The table below
|
||||||
|
shows different possible pronunciation of Proto-Ñyqy words with
|
||||||
|
word-wise consonantal dorsal alternation whether the first consonant
|
||||||
|
is to be considered a dorsal consonant or not. Note the nasal switch
|
||||||
|
as well as the extra schwa insertion in the third example as described
|
||||||
|
above in [[file:phonology.md#syllable-structure][Syllable Structure]].
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#+name: table:word-consonantal-dorsal-alternation
|
||||||
|
#+caption: Different Possible Pronunciation of Proto-Ñyqy Words
|
||||||
|
| Word | Dorsal-Initial | Dorsal-Final |
|
||||||
|
|-----------------+-----------------------+---------------------|
|
||||||
|
| {{{recon(pœwec)}}} | {{{phon(*pɤwɛt͡ʃ)}}} | {{{phon(*pɤvɛc)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{recon(zebec)}}} | {{{phon(*zɛg͡bɛt͡ʃ)}}} | {{{phon(*ʝɛbɛc)}}} |
|
||||||
|
| {{{recon(ñocm noc)}}} | {{{phon(*ɴɔt͡ʃŋ͡m ə ɦɔc)}}} | {{{phon(*ɦɔcm ə ɴot͡ʃ)}}} |
|