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<div id="content">
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<h1 class="title">Grammaire du Hjalpi’</h1>
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<p>
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</p>
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<div id="table-of-contents">
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<h2>Table des matières</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#org3c16638">1. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Introduction</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org3e6866f">2. Phonologie</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#orgb524c0a">2.1. Voyelles</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#org6cf9858">2.1.1. Voyelles courtes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgb74d615">2.1.2. Voyelles longues</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org7c85658">2.1.3. Consonnes syllabiques</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org15c6440">2.1.4. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Diphtongues</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#orgd89742f">2.2. <span class="done DONE">DONE</span> Consonnes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org8ae017d">2.3. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accentuation</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgb1a268a">2.4. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Romanisation et translittération</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#org56faae2">3. Phonologie dérivationnelle</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#org1f95c4b">3.1. Allophonie</a>
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<ul>
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||
<li><a href="#org5691a57">3.1.1. Voyelles</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgd68111d">3.1.2. Consonnes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgf791c86">3.1.3. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Exemples</a></li>
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||
</ul>
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||
</li>
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<li><a href="#org7d401d3">3.2. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accord des voyelles</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orga0c6d7f">3.3. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accord des consonnes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgc2d045c">3.4. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Déclinaisons</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#org38dc771">4. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Syntaxe</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org51dfb29">5. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Champs sémantiques et pragmatismes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org1a9606b">6. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Système d’écriture</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org751661b">7. <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Exemples</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org0ec8355">8. Glossaire</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#orgdec31cd">8.1. Actions physiques</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org62c48ee">8.2. Amour</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgab50176">8.3. Animaux</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orge24dff2">8.4. Art</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org2ec5864">8.5. Astronomie</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org419dbcd">8.6. Bâtiments</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org52068dc">8.7. Commerce</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgdc31f9c">8.8. Conflits</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org11a90c0">8.9. Conteneurs</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org9a2591a">8.10. Corps</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orge6e2bd7">8.11. Couleurs</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgf8f0003">8.12. Dimensions</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgac6dd58">8.13. Direction</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgbab7d42">8.14. Eau</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgd80e496">8.15. Effort</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgded653a">8.16. Éléments</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#org1bc7a91">8.17. Émotions</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#orgd3221af">8.18. Évaluation</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgbb19fe1">8.19. Événements</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#org1af33f0">8.20. Existence</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#org5e1f66f">8.21. Famille</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgae13dcf">8.22. Forme</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org0756746">8.23. Gouvernement</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#orgd744985">8.24. Grammaire</a>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li><a href="#org6f56ed6">8.24.1. Pronoms interrogatifs</a></li>
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||
</ul>
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||
</li>
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||
<li><a href="#orga52810e">8.25. Guerre</a></li>
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||
<li><a href="#org89ccabf">8.26. Légal</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#org0f698a7">8.27. Lieux</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#orge4020fd">8.28. Lumière</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#orgd724e00">8.29. Mental</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="#org23aae76">8.30. Mesures</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgf2dd801">8.31. Métaux</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="#org841cc8f">8.32. Mouvement</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="#orgd7df29e">8.33. Nature</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org6ecec68">8.34. Nombres</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org3fd2059">8.35. Nourriture</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgdf7a8e6">8.36. Outils</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org09c7147">8.37. Parole</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgbfb9121">8.38. Péchés</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgb8ddf5e">8.39. Physique</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org19634d6">8.40. Possession</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org757c491">8.41. Religion</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org8a7dd4f">8.42. Savoir</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgb1df232">8.43. Sensations</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orgcf47896">8.44. Sexe</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org3a63280">8.45. Société</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org757c11d">8.46. Substances</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orga24a59f">8.47. Temps</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#orgfcfa022">8.47.1. Jours de la semaine</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a href="#orga6224b5">8.48. Travail</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org77717a3">8.49. Végétaux</a></li>
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<li><a href="#org727d31a">8.50. Vêtements</a></li>
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<li><a href="#orge694204">8.51. Vie et santé</a></li>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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||
<p>
|
||
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org3c16638" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org3c16638"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Introduction</h2>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le Hjalpi’ est la langue parlée par les dieux dans l’univers de mon roman. La langue dont je présente ci-dessous la grammaire n’est cependant pas réellement la langue divine mais la représente ; en effet, le Hjalpi’ a été imaginée comme étant bien trop complexe pour être entièrement apprise par un humain, l’élaboration de phrases simples requière quelques années d’études déjà. Bien évidemment, il est impossible pour un humain de créer une telle langue, mais je reste toujours dans cette optique de création de langue complexe, et le résultat me paraîtra complexe mais il se peut que pour certains (du fait des langues qu’ils maîtrisent déjà) n’aient pas cette impression.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette langue sera également utilisée pour créer d’autres langues qui auront évolué depuis la langue divine en des langues (me paraissant) beaucoup plus simples afin de créer des langues pour les mortels.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org3e6866f" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org3e6866f"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Phonologie</h2>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgb524c0a" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgb524c0a"><span class="section-number-3">2.1</span> Voyelles</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-1">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le Hjalpi’ dispose d’un inventaire de voyelle très large comparé à la majorité des langues existantes dans notre monde, avec dix-sept voyelles simples, et quelques autres diphtongues (discutées plus bas dans <a href="#org15c6440">Diphtongues</a>). Voici la liste des voyelles utilisées dans le Hjalpi’ :
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 1 :</span> Voyelles du Hjalpi’</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">antérieures</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">postérieures</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">i / y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">u</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pré-fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">í / ý</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ú</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mi-fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e / ò</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">o</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mi-ouvertes</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">é / ö</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ó</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ouvertes</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">á</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le Hjalpi’ dispose également de deux consonnes syllabiques, le <i>ń</i> et le <i>ĺ</i>, qui sont respectivement le <i>n</i> et le <i>l</i> prononcés comme des voyelles. Voici ci-dessous le même tableau, avec chaque voyelle remplacée par sa valeur phonétique en IPA :
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 2 :</span> Voyelles du Hjalpi’ (IPA)</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">antérieures</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">postérieures</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iː / yː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">uː</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pré-fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɪ / ʏ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʊ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mi-fermées</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">eː / øː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">oː</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mi-ouvertes</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɛ / œ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɔ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ouvertes</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɑ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Avec le <i>ń</i> et le <i>ĺ</i> ayant respectivement pour valeur /n̩/ et /l̩/.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
On peut remarquer que, à l’exception de <i>ń</i> et <i>ĺ</i>, toutes les voyelles ont un couple ouverte-courte/fermée-longue. Dans les mots racine (c’est à dire non altérés par une quelconque règle grammaticale), la distinction revêt une importance capitale, porteuse de sens et de distinction de certains mots entre eux. Ainsi, <i>þran</i> ( /θraːn/ ) n’aura pas la même signification que <i>þrán</i> ( /θrɑn/ ). En revanche, comme on le verra plus tard, les addition grammaticales verront leurs voyelles s’accorder avec les voyelles du mot racine en ouverture-longueur.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org6cf9858" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="org6cf9858"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.1</span> Voyelles courtes</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-1">
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ɑ/ : á</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le <i>á</i> est une voyelle ressemblant au « â » que l’on retrouve en français dans des mots tels que « pâte ». Il s’agit de la voyelle ouverte antérieure non-arrondie.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /œ/ : ö</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Il s’agit ici du son « eu » tel qu’on le retrouve en français tel que dans le mot « neuf ».
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ɪ/ : í</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est une voyelle se situant entre le son « i » et le son « e » ; on peut le retrouver en anglais dans des mots tels que « hit » ou « this ». Il s’agit de la voyelle pré-fermée antérieure non-arrondie.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ɛ/ : é</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Nous avons ici la voyelle « è » que l’on retrouve en français par exemple dans le mot « cette ».
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ɔ/ : ó</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Il s’agit du « o » ouvert, que l’on retrouve en français dans le mot « sort » par exemple.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ʏ/ : ý</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est un équivalent du « u » français ouvert, que l’on peut retrouver en Allemand comme dans « Müller » par exemple. Il s’agit de la voyelle antérieure pré-fermée arrondie.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ʊ/ : ú</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est un équivalent du « ou » Français ouvert, telle que l’on peut la retrouver dans le mot « book » en Anglais britannique.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgb74d615" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="orgb74d615"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.2</span> Voyelles longues</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-2">
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /aː/ : a</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est le « a » que l’on peut retrouver dans le français tel que dans « patte », à la différence que le « a » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « a » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /øː/ : ò</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « eu » français que l’on retrouve dans le mot « deux », à la différence que le « ò » divin est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « eu » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /iː/ : i</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « i » français, à la différence que le « i » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « i » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /eː/ : e</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « é » français, à la différence que le « i » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « i » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /oː/ : o</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « o » français comme dans « eau », à la différence que le « o » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « o » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /yː/ : y</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « u » français, à la différence que le « u » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « u » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /uː/ : u</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Cette voyelle est la même que le « ou » français, à la différence que le « ou » de le Hjalpi’ est prononcé un peu plus longuement que le « ou » français.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org7c85658" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="org7c85658"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.3</span> Consonnes syllabiques</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-2-1-3">
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /n̩/ : ń</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le « ń » est la consonne « n » (la même que le « n » standard français), mais considérée et prononcée comme une voyelle, tel qu’on peut l’entendre dans certains mots anglais comme dans « button » qui peut être prononcé /bʌtn̩/.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /l̩/ : ĺ</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le « ĺ » est la consonne « l » (la même que le « l » français), mais considérée et prononcée comme une voyelle, tel qu’on peut l’entendre dans certains mots anglais comme dans « bottle » qui peut être prononcé /bɔtl̩/, avec le /ʊ/ qui est omis et le /l/ devenant syllabique.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org15c6440" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="org15c6440"><span class="section-number-4">2.1.4</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Diphtongues</h4>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd89742f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd89742f"><span class="section-number-3">2.2</span> <span class="done DONE">DONE</span> Consonnes</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-2">
|
||
<p>
|
||
En plus d’un important inventaire de voyelle, le Hjalpi’ dispose également d’un inventaire de consonnes assez important. Voici ci-dessous lesdites consonnes :
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 3 :</span> Consonnes du Hjalpi’</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">b</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">ld</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">d</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">a</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">pa</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">r</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">v</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">uv</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">g</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pl</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p b</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ ḑ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k g</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">'</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">afr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f v</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ ð</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">s z</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß ź</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š ž</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">x ŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">h</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lafr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ł</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ŕ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">j</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lapr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sv</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 4 :</span> Consonnes du Hjalpi’ (IPA)</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">b</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">ld</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">d</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">a</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">pa</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">r</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">v</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">uv</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">g</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pl</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p b</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʈ ɖ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k ɡ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʔ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ŋ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">afr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f v</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">θ ð</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">s z</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʃ ʒ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ç ʝ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">χ ʁ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">h</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lafr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɬ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɹ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">j</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lapr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sv</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Abréviations :
|
||
</p>
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">b</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">bilabial</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pl</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">plosif</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ld</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">labio-dental</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nasal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">dental</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">trill</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">alvéolaire</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sv</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">semi-voyelle</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">post-alvéolaire</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">afr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fricatif</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">rétroflexe</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lafr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fricatif latéral</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">velaire</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aproximant</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">uv</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">uvulaire</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lapr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aproximant latéral</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">g</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">glottal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org8ae017d" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org8ae017d"><span class="section-number-3">2.3</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accentuation</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-3">
|
||
<p>
|
||
L’accentuation des mots en langue divine porte sur l’avant-dernière voyelle racine si le mot racine dispose de deux syllabes ou plus, sur la voyelle racine unique sinon. L’accentuation des mots étant régulière, elle n’est pas marquée par l’orthographe et la translittération de la langue.
|
||
Pour ce qui est de l’accentuation des phrases, le ton est généralement tombant, avec le terme que le locuteur estime le plus important de la phrase bénéficiant d’une remontée du ton sur ce terme précisément. Si le locuteur estime que le terme est très important, alors il peut même le prononcer avec une voix de tête, voire étirer de manière exagérée la première syllabe racine du terme. Un verbe interrogatif bénéficie nécessairement de la remontée du ton de la phrase sur ce terme, tandis qu’une phrase exclamative voit son ton recommencer à descendre à partir de la même hauteur que celle du début de phrase. Une phrase affirmative continue la descente de ton jusqu’à la dernière syllabe racine qui bénéficie d’une accentuation.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgb1a268a" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgb1a268a"><span class="section-number-3">2.4</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Romanisation et translittération</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-4">
|
||
<p>
|
||
La romanisation et la translittération d’une langue sont deux choses très différentes ; en effet, la première a pour but de représenter de façon grossière la prononciation de la langue avec l’alphabet latin, sans se soucier de l’orthographe exacte, tandis que la translittération a pour but de reproduire de manière précise l’orthographe de la langue transcrite, sans se soucier de savoir si le lecteur saura prononcer correctement la transcription s’il n’a pas été initié avant à la langue transcrite.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Pour moi le meilleur exemple que je puisse donner pour ce qui est de la différence entre romanisation et translittération est en Tibétain. Nous avons des termes Tibétain romanisés “dorje”, “chorten” ou encore “yak” en anglais dont une de leur translittération possible respective est “rdo rje”, “mchod brten” et “gyag”. Bien évidemment, toute personne n’ayant aucune notion de translittération du Tibétain et/ou de son orthographe peut être confuse quant à ce qu’ils viennent de lire, et c’est tout naturel : leur but est de savoir précisément comment écrire ces mots, et une personne sachant écrire en tibétain pourra, en ayant lu ces exemples, écrire les mots sans faute si je n’en ai pas fait non plus à la rédaction de cet ouvrage. Comme je l’ai indiqué, il s’agit dans cet exemple d’une romanisation anglophone ; en effet, la romanisation dépend de la langue du lecteur. Étant donné que ce dernier doit pouvoir se forger une idée de la prononciation du mot étranger, il faut utiliser les conventions de lecture de l’alphabet de sa propre langue afin d’approcher au mieux la prononciation originale. Ainsi, “dorje” en anglais pourrait être écrit « dordjé » en français, “chorten” pourrait être écrit « tchortène » (« yak » garde la même orthographe dans les deux langues, et est même dans les dictionnaires anglophones et francophones).
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Ainsi, dans mon (ou mes ?) livre(s ?) qui s’adressera (s’adresseront ?) à un public général, j’utiliserai des romanisation de la langue divine si je souhaite que le lecteur ait une idée de la prononciation du mot ou de la phrase qu’il vient de rencontrer –et à l’inverse, si je souhaite être plus graphique, j’utiliserai soit la translittération, soit l’écriture native du Hjalpi’. Toujours est-il que dans cette référence grammaticale, je n’utiliserai que de la translittération (les graphèmes et lettres correspondantes furent décrites dans <a href="#orgd89742f">Consonnes</a> et <a href="#orgb524c0a">Voyelles</a>), et ne ferai usage de la romanisation que dans ce chapitre où j’explique ci-dessous le processus de l’écriture du Hjalpi en romanisation.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Voici ci-dessous un tableau avec chaque phonème du Hjalpi’, sa translittération, et sa romanisation francophone. Pour un équivalent anglophone, se référer à la version anglophone de cet ouvrage si cette dernière existe.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 5 :</span> Translittération des voyelles du Hjalpi’</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">phonème</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">trans.</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">rom.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">i</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">i</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">yː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">u</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">uː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ou</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɪ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">í</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">i</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʏ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ý</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">u</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʊ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ú</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ou</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">eː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">é</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">øː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ò</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">oː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">o</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">o</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɛ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">é</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">è</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">œ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ö</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">eu</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɔ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ó</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">au</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aː</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɑ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">á</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
<caption class="t-above"><span class="table-number">Tableau 6 :</span> Translittération des consonnes du Hjalpi’</caption>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">phonème</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">trans.</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">rom.</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">phonème</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">trans.</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">rom.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">b</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">b</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">t</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʈ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tr</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɖ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ḑ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">dr</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɡ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">g</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">g</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">θ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">th</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">dh</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">s</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">s</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">s</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">z</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">z</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">z</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʃ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sh</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʒ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ź</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">j</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ç</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sh</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʝ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">jh</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ŋ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ng</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʔ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">’</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">’</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">h</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">h</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">h</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">χ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">x</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">rh</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ʁ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɬ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ł</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lh</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ɹ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">r</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">j</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">j</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">y</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org56faae2" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org56faae2"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Phonologie dérivationnelle</h2>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Le Hjalpi’ est une langue riche en dérivation phonétiques du fait de sa grammaire agglutinative et fusionnelle. Les noms changent selon leur nombre, leur rôle au sein de la phrase (leur cas grammatical), les verbes s’accordent en genre et en nombre, selon l’objectivité, le mode ou l’un des nombreux temps de la phrase ou de la proposition. L’utilisation de chacun de ces éléments sera traité dans le chapitre traitant de la <a href="#org38dc771">syntaxe</a>. Le chapitre actuel servira principalement de référence condensée pour savoir comment accorder les divers éléments entre eux.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Ci-dessous se trouve une liste d’abréviations que l’on trouvera souvent dans les règles formelles :
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li><code>C</code> = consonne</li>
|
||
<li><code>V</code> = voyelle</li>
|
||
<li><code>N</code> = nasale</li>
|
||
<li><code>F</code> = fricative</li>
|
||
<li><code>P</code> = consonne labiale</li>
|
||
<li><code>L</code> = voyelle longue</li>
|
||
<li><code>S</code> = voyelle courte</li>
|
||
<li><code>#</code> = limite d’un mot</li>
|
||
<li><code>Ø</code> = silencieux, muet, rien</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org1f95c4b" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org1f95c4b"><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Allophonie</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
|
||
<p>
|
||
En Hjalpi’, il existe de nombreuses règles sur la modification de prononciation de phonèmes selon leur emplacement au sein d’un mot et leur environnement phonétique, donnant lieu à des allophones desdits phonèmes. Ces règles sont les dernières règles à s’appliquer sur la modification de prononciation des mots, les autres règles comme les <a href="#org7d401d3">accords des voyelles</a> ou les <a href="#orga0c6d7f">accords des consonnes</a> s’appliquant avant les règles d’allophonie. Ces règles s’appliquent dans leur ordre d’apparition ci-dessous.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org5691a57" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="org5691a57"><span class="section-number-4">3.1.1</span> Voyelles</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-3-1-1">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Il existe relativement peu d’allophones parmi les voyelles de le Hjalpi’, cependant on peut en relever certains comme suit :
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>La prononciation standard du « ń », comme mentionné ci-dessus dans <a href="#org7c85658">Consonnes syllabiques</a>, est /n̩/. Cependant, cette voyelle peut également être prononcée /m̩/ si le <i>ń</i> est précédé et/ou suivi par une consonne bilabiale, et il peut être palatalisé en /ɲ̩/ ou /m̩ʲ/ si le <i>ń</i> est également adjacent à une des voyelles <i>i</i> ou <i>í</i>, ou bien la consonne <i>j</i> (notées <code>I</code>).
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [m̩] / _P</li>
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [m̩] / P_</li>
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [ɲ̩] / _I</li>
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [ɲ̩] / I_</li>
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [m̩ʲ] / P_ I</li>
|
||
<li> /n̩/ > [m̩ʲ] / I_ P</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Le « ĺ » peut également être palatalisé en cas d’adjacence à une des voyelles <i>i</i> ou <i>í</i> ou bien la consonne <i>j</i>, et donc être prononcée /l̩ʲ/.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /l̩/ > [l̩ʲ] / _I</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Une voyelle ou un groupe de voyelles placé devant une consonne nasale se nasalise.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>V > [+nasal] / _N</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd68111d" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="orgd68111d"><span class="section-number-4">3.1.2</span> Consonnes</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-3-1-2">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Plusieurs de ces consonnes disposent d’allophones, c’est à dire de prononciations alternatives à la prononciation exacte mentionnée plus haut, sans que cela n’affecte le sens des mots ou le sens d’une phrase.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>La prononciation standard du <i>f</i> et <i>v</i> sont respectivement <code>/f/</code> et <code>/v/</code>, cependant il arrive également qu’ils soient respectivement prononcés <code>/p\/</code> et <code>/B/</code> entre deux voyelles, ou en début de mot si immédiatement suivis d’une voyelle ou d’une semi-consonne (également notée <code>V</code>).
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /f/ > [ɸ,β] / V_ V</li>
|
||
<li> /f/ > [ɸ,β] / V_ V</li>
|
||
<li> /v/ > [ɸ,β] / V_ V</li>
|
||
<li> /v/ > [ɸ,β] / V_ V</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Le /ɦ/ est considéré comme étant un allophone du /h/. Cet allophone se produit entre deux voyelles, en début de mot immédiatement suivit d’une voyelle, entre une consonne voisée et une voyelle, ou une voyelle et une consonne voisée. En revanche, au contact du <i>i</i>, <i>í</i> ou <i>j</i> (notés <code>I</code>), le /h/ se palatalise en un /ç/. Similairement, un /ɦ/ obtenu grâce au premières règles ci-dessous change en /ʝ/.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /h/ > [ɦ] / V_ V</li>
|
||
<li> /h/ > [ɦ] / #_ V</li>
|
||
<li> /h/ > [ç] / _I</li>
|
||
<li> /h/ > [ç] / I_</li>
|
||
<li> [ɦ] > [ʝ] / _I</li>
|
||
<li> [ɦ] > [ʝ] / I_</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Le <i>ŗ</i> a pour prononciation standard le /ʁ/, cependant il est généralement prononcé /ʀ/ entre deux voyelles et/ou consonne voisée (notées <code>V</code>).
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /ʁ/ > [ʀ] / V_ V</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Le <i>x</i> est habituellement prononcé /χ/, cependant il est prononcé /x/ lorsqu’il est en contact avec une consonne fricative sourde (notée <code>FS</code>).
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li> /χ/ > [x] / FS_</li>
|
||
<li> /χ/ > [x] / _FS</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Une consonne nasale devient silencieuse si elle est précédée d’une voyelle et suivie d’une consonne ou d’un silence. Cela fait suite à la nasalisation de la voyelle précédente.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>N > Ø / V_ C</li>
|
||
<li>N > Ø / V_ #</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Si deux consonnes fricatives toutes deux voisées ou sourdes se suivent successivement, même entre deux mots distincts, la première fricative devient silencieuse.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>F > Ø / _F</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
<li>Si une consonne fricative voisée (notée <code>FV</code>) est précédée par une fricative sourde (notée <code>FS</code>), elle devient elle-même sourde. À l’inverse, si une fricative sourde est précédée par une fricative voisée, la première devient également voisée.
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>FS > [+voisée] / FV_</li>
|
||
<li>FV > [+sourde] / FS_</li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgf791c86" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="orgf791c86"><span class="section-number-4">3.1.3</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Exemples</h4>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org7d401d3" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org7d401d3"><span class="section-number-3">3.2</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accord des voyelles</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-2">
|
||
<p>
|
||
L’accord des voyelles a lieu principalement lors de la déclinaison d’un nom ou de la conjugaison d’un verbe, lors d’un cas où la juxtaposition d’une voyelle à une autre est obligatoire. Cela donne alors lieu à un accord des voyelles.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<ol class="org-ol">
|
||
<li>Les deux voyelles sont fusionnées en une diphtongue.</li>
|
||
<li>Si la première voyelle est une diphtongue, alors le second phonème est remplacé par la seconde voyelle après que cette dernière ait été accordée en longueur à la longueur de premier phonème de la diphtongue. Si la seconde voyelle était également une diphtongue, alors elle perd son second phonème.</li>
|
||
<li>Si le second phonème de la diphtongue est plus ouvert que le premier, alors il est refermé afin d’être au moins aussi fermé que le premier phonème.</li>
|
||
<li>Si le premier phonème de la diphtongue est une voyelle postérieure, alors elle devient son équivalent phonétique postérieur selon la table suivante :</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">phonème d’origine</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">nouveau phonème</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">y</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ú</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ý</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">o</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ò</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ó</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ö</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">á</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orga0c6d7f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orga0c6d7f"><span class="section-number-3">3.3</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Accord des consonnes</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgc2d045c" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgc2d045c"><span class="section-number-3">3.4</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Déclinaisons</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-4">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Les déclinaisons se présentent sous la forme de particules (préfixes, infixes et suffixes) à ajouter au mot racine. Voici un exemple d’utilisation. Notez que la partie entre parenthèse peut ne pas être spécifiée, auquel cas il faudra se référer à l’harmonisation des voyelles ou des consonnes selon le cas si une voyelle est accolée à une autre voyelle, de même pour les consonnes.
|
||
</p>
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>V(C)-</dt><dd>le préfixe est (ou fini par) une voyelle V, il se rajoute donc au début du mot racine. Si ce dernier commence avec une voyelle, la consonne C est rajoutée entre la voyelle V et le mot racine.</dd>
|
||
<dt>C(V)-</dt><dd>le préfixe est (ou fini par) une consonne, il se rajoute donc au début du mot racine. Si ce dernier commence avec une consonne, la voyelle (V) est rajoutée entre la consonne C et le mot racine.</dd>
|
||
<dt>-C<sub>1</sub>V(C<sub>2</sub>)-</dt><dd>l’infixe commence par consonne, il se placera donc à la fin du mot racine, entre la dernière voyelle et la dernière consonne du mot racine. Si le mot racine se termine par une voyelle, l’ensemble C<sub>1</sub>VC<sub>2</sub> agira comme un suffixe.</dd>
|
||
<dt>-(C<sub>1</sub>)VC<sub>2</sub>-</dt><dd>l’infixe commence par une voyelle, il se placera donc au début du mot racine, entre la première consonne et la première voyelle. Si le mot racine commence par une voyelle, l’ensemble C<sub>1</sub>VC<sub>2</sub> agira comme un préfixe.</dd>
|
||
<dt>-(C)V</dt><dd>le suffixe est (ou commence par) une voyelle, il se placera donc à la fin du mot racine. Si ce dernier se termine par une voyelle, la consonne C sera ajoutée entre le mot racine et le suffixe.</dd>
|
||
<dt>-(V)C</dt><dd>le suffixe est (ou commence par) une consonne, il se placera donc à la fin du mot racine. Si ce dernier se termine par une consonne, la voyelle V sera ajoutée entre le mot racine et le suffixe.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Notez également que la ou les voyelles présentée dans le tableau s’accorde en ouverture et longueur avec la voyelle du mot racine sur laquelle porte l’accent. Ainsi, ajouts de voyelles sur <i>mén</i> via des déclinaisons s’accorderont en voyelles longues et ouvertes. Si la juxtaposition de deux voyelles est obligatoire, se référer à <a href="#org7d401d3">l’accord des voyelles</a> ci-dessus. Si la juxtaposition de deux consonnes est obligatoire, se référer à <a href="#orga0c6d7f">l’accord des consonnes</a> ci-dessus.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>
|
||
Voici ci-dessous un tableau exposant la forme de chaque déclinaison selon le cas grammatical et le genre/nombre. Le numéro se réfère au numéro du genre tel que décrit dans <b>Genres</b>, le super-singulier (tel que décrit dans <b>Nombre</b>) est représenté par « s » et le pluriel par « p ».
|
||
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">1s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">1p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">2s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">2p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">3s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">3p</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">abessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(m)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ň)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(dl)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ablatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(i)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(s)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">le(ž)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(i)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ(ž)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">absolutif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ts)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ts)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(tß)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(tß)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ts)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ts)a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vwo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vwu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vo</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źoy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-źou</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ix(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adverbial</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">agentif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">allatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ß)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ts)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">antessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vwo(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vw(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vw(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vwo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vo-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apudessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ðe-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aversif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">causal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)bu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ob)y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(b)y</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comparatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">datif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">délatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(ai)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">xe(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">xe(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">xe(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">xe(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ŗe(j)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ŗe(j)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">élatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)łu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ły</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">équatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(í)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(é)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)jo</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif-génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)yd-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)yd-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)ud-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)ud-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)yd-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)ud-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-formel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)ḑ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)ň</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-modal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uix</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uix</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-’yiŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)yiŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uiŗ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">excessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(yi)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">identique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">illatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(p)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(p)on-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(f)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(f)on-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(p)òn-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">inessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ŕo(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ń)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ŕo-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">initiatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(k)ĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(k)ĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(k)ĺ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instructif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instrumental</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">intratif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(þ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fy(þ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fy(ð)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">latif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ei</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)òĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)e</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)au</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ĺ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">limitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">locatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(i)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">le(þ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">p(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">oblique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)eßt</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)ef</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)eft</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)eß</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">orientatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">partitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pégatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">perlatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pertingent</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mj(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mj(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">postessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ßt</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)ž</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)š</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)št</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">privatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">prolatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(ae)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(ay)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">révertif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">semplatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sociatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">subessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(wo)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n(wo)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(o)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sublatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ḑ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)nţ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">superessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(ań)-)</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(ai)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tßau-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">terminatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)ň</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)aen</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ð)aen</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)aeň</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)m</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">translatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vocatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">4s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">4p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">5s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">5p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">6s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">6p</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">abessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ň)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(t)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(st)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ßt)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(nt)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ňt)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ablatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(ß)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(ź)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(ß)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(ź)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(s)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">li(z)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">absolutif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(t)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(š)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(p)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(v)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(st)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ž)a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)vo</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ai)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)źu</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(ei)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(ei)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(ei)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adverbial</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">agentif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">allatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(s)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ź)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(z)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(š)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(x)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(x)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">antessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">we-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">w(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(wo)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apudessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þe(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ve(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">þ(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aversif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">causal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)by</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)bu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)bu</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comparatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">datif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">délatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">he(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">he(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">he(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">he(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ha(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ha(l)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">élatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)y</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)yi</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)yi</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">équatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(lj)o</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(lj)o</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(mj)o</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(lj)o</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif-génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)yḑ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)yḑ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ð)yţ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ð)yţ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)ud-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(þ)ud-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ţ)òd</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ţ)ed</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ţ)òd</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òd</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)d</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ò(d)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-modal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-’u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)yŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)yiŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)yŗ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">excessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţy-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţy-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţy(i)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţy-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(eu)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţo(y)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">identique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">illatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(s)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(s)en-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(s)en-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(s)an-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ps)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ps)en-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">inessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">initiatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)kń</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ei)kń</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-akĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ekĺ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instructif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instrumental</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">intratif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(þ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fy-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fy(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fy(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-þy(ð)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">latif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ń</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-le</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-la</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-la</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">limitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">locatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lj(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ła-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ł(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(n)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(ń)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pń-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pń-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(m)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">oblique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)ef</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)òß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)ef</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)òß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)ef</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)òß</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">orientatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">partitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pégatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">perlatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(ui)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(ui)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(eu)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(ey)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(oy)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(ou)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pertingent</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mj(ò)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">mj(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">postessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)š</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)þ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ž</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)š</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">privatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">prolatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ša-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">še-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">révertif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">semplatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sociatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">subessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nw(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n(we)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ň(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ne-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ňe-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sublatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)fţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)þţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)nţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(eu)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)nţ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">superessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßt(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(ei)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">št(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßt(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßt(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">terminatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-aem</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-aeň</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-aem</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)nz</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ae(ň)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">translatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vocatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" rules="groups" frame="hsides">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
|
||
<colgroup>
|
||
<col class="org-left" />
|
||
</colgroup>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left"> </th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">7s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">7p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">8s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">8p</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">9s</th>
|
||
<th scope="col" class="org-left">9p</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">abessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(s)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ňt)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(mt)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">e(ňt)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ablatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lń(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">lń(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ(z)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ(z)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ(v)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ(v)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">absolutif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(r)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(r)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(š)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŗ)a</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ž)a</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)vo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vy</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">accusatif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)źu</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iź(ei)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iŗ(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iŗ(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iŗ(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">iŗ(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">adverbial</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">agentif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">allatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ŗ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(ŗ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(þt)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-li(v)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)iþ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ið-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">antessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vw(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">v(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vw(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vu-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">apudessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ð(ei)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ðe(m)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">f(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fe-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vei-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">fei-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">aversif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">causal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)vu</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)vy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vy</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-vy</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">comparatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">datif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">délatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(eu)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(eu)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ß(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßa(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ße(l)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">hei(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">hea(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">hea(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">hea(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">še(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">še(l)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">distributif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">élatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ły</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)ay</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)ey</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ł)ay</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-łay</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">équatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)jo</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)jo</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ergatif-génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-þy(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-þy(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-þy(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-þy(d)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(oi)þyd-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(oi)þyd-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òd</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)ns</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òd</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òts</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)ßt</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">essif-modal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)u</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)ust</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(’)uŗ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">excessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">génitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţy-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţu-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ţ(u)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">identique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">illatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(v)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŕ)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŕ)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŕ)òn-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ŕ)en-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">inessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(o)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)ŕo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)ŕo-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">initiatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)kĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)kń</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ak(ĺ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">k(ń)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(k)ĺ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(k)ń</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instructif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">instrumental</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">intratif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(f)yþ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fi(ŕ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fe(ŕ)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(ð)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-fu(þ)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">latif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)la</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(e)la</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)e</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ai</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(l)ae</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-la</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">limitatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(a)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ò)mp</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">locatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(au)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(ai)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">la-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ĺ-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">l(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominal</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nominatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(l)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa(ß)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pe(ß)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pa-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">oblique</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)eß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)uiß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(x)oiß</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">orientatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">partitif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pégatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">perlatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(y)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(u)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">pertingent</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(u)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(o)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">m(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">postessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(u)ź</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)ź</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)ž</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)tß</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(y)ßt</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">privatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">prolatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">šei-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">še-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">š(ey)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ž(e)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">révertif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">semplatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sociatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">subessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ňe-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ňo-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">nw(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n(wa)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">n(a)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">na-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">sublatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ßţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)šţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(i)ţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(r)iţ</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-iţ</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">superessif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(ao)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(ae)-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tßa-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßta-</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">ßt-(e)</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">tß(a)-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">temporel</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">terminatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ae)m</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-ae</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ai)n</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left">-(ai)ň</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">translatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td class="org-left">vocatif</td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
<td class="org-left"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>
|
||
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org38dc771" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org38dc771"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Syntaxe</h2>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org51dfb29" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org51dfb29"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Champs sémantiques et pragmatismes</h2>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org1a9606b" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org1a9606b"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Système d’écriture</h2>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org751661b" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org751661b"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> <span class="todo TODO">TODO</span> Exemples</h2>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org0ec8355" class="outline-2">
|
||
<h2 id="org0ec8355"><span class="section-number-2">8</span> Glossaire</h2>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-8">
|
||
<p>
|
||
Abréviations :
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||
<li>1 : genre divin</li>
|
||
<li>2 : genre mental</li>
|
||
<li>3 : genre liquide</li>
|
||
<li>4 : genre masculin</li>
|
||
<li>5 : genre féminin</li>
|
||
<li>6 : genre neutre</li>
|
||
<li>7 : genre animal</li>
|
||
<li>8 : genre végétal</li>
|
||
<li>9 : genre inanimé</li>
|
||
<li>adj. : adjectif</li>
|
||
<li>ind. : indénombrable</li>
|
||
<li>n. : nom</li>
|
||
<li>pron. : pronom</li>
|
||
<li>vi. : verbe intransitif</li>
|
||
<li>vt : verbe transitif</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgdec31cd" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgdec31cd"><span class="section-number-3">8.1</span> Actions physiques</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-1">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>kĺnyþ (v.)</dt><dd>casser, briser</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org62c48ee" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org62c48ee"><span class="section-number-3">8.2</span> Amour</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgab50176" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgab50176"><span class="section-number-3">8.3</span> Animaux</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-3">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>nael (n.7)</dt><dd>cheval</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orge24dff2" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orge24dff2"><span class="section-number-3">8.4</span> Art</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-4">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>raòm (n.9)</dt><dd>livre</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org2ec5864" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org2ec5864"><span class="section-number-3">8.5</span> Astronomie</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-5">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>jaom (n.1)</dt><dd>astre</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org419dbcd" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org419dbcd"><span class="section-number-3">8.6</span> Bâtiments</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-6">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>mén (n.9)</dt><dd>maison (bâtiment)</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org52068dc" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org52068dc"><span class="section-number-3">8.7</span> Commerce</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgdc31f9c" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgdc31f9c"><span class="section-number-3">8.8</span> Conflits</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org11a90c0" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org11a90c0"><span class="section-number-3">8.9</span> Conteneurs</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org9a2591a" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org9a2591a"><span class="section-number-3">8.10</span> Corps</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-10">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>gar (n.6)</dt><dd>tête</dd>
|
||
<dt>pńt (n.6)</dt><dd>main</dd>
|
||
<dt>wan (n.6)</dt><dd>pied</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orge6e2bd7" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orge6e2bd7"><span class="section-number-3">8.11</span> Couleurs</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-11">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>ðúr (adj.)</dt><dd>argent (couleur)</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgf8f0003" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgf8f0003"><span class="section-number-3">8.12</span> Dimensions</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgac6dd58" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgac6dd58"><span class="section-number-3">8.13</span> Direction</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-13">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>ňam (n.2)</dt><dd>ouest</dd>
|
||
<dt>watßúd (n.2)</dt><dd>nord</dd>
|
||
<dt>wémšal (n.2)</dt><dd>est (direction)</dd>
|
||
<dt>zelðeg (n.2)</dt><dd>sud</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgbab7d42" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgbab7d42"><span class="section-number-3">8.14</span> Eau</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd80e496" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd80e496"><span class="section-number-3">8.15</span> Effort</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgded653a" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgded653a"><span class="section-number-3">8.16</span> Éléments</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org1bc7a91" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org1bc7a91"><span class="section-number-3">8.17</span> Émotions</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-17">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>feŗan (n.2)</dt><dd>tristesse</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd3221af" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd3221af"><span class="section-number-3">8.18</span> Évaluation</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-18">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>’eßtef (adj.)</dt><dd>mauvais</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgbb19fe1" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgbb19fe1"><span class="section-number-3">8.19</span> Événements</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-19">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>gén (n.2)</dt><dd>acte, action</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org1af33f0" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org1af33f0"><span class="section-number-3">8.20</span> Existence</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org5e1f66f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org5e1f66f"><span class="section-number-3">8.21</span> Famille</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-21">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>ánám (n.6)</dt><dd>parent</dd>
|
||
<dt>mánám (n.5)</dt><dd>mère, maman</dd>
|
||
<dt>pánám (n.4)</dt><dd>père, papa</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgae13dcf" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgae13dcf"><span class="section-number-3">8.22</span> Forme</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org0756746" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org0756746"><span class="section-number-3">8.23</span> Gouvernement</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd744985" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd744985"><span class="section-number-3">8.24</span> Grammaire</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-24">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>pöb (pron. interrogatif)</dt><dd>quoi, idée générale d’élément. Peut être décliné afin d’obtenir des questionnements plus précis.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org6f56ed6" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="org6f56ed6"><span class="section-number-4">8.24.1</span> Pronoms interrogatifs</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-8-24-1">
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ol class="org-ol">
|
||
<li><a id="org9ff2b1f"></a>Temps<br />
|
||
<div class="outline-text-5" id="text-8-24-1-1">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>pejb (pron. interrogatif essif)</dt><dd>quand, à quel moment. <i>pöb</i> décliné à l’essif.</dd>
|
||
<dt>pöémp (pron. interrogatif limitatif)</dt><dd>jusqu’à quand. <i>pöb</i> décliné au limitatif.</dd>
|
||
<dt>pövwó (pron. interrogatif accusatif)</dt><dd>sur quelle durée, pendent combien de temps. <i>pöb</i> décliné à l’accusatif.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orga52810e" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orga52810e"><span class="section-number-3">8.25</span> Guerre</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-25">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>wóúl (n.2)</dt><dd>attaque</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org89ccabf" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org89ccabf"><span class="section-number-3">8.26</span> Légal</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org0f698a7" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org0f698a7"><span class="section-number-3">8.27</span> Lieux</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orge4020fd" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orge4020fd"><span class="section-number-3">8.28</span> Lumière</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd724e00" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd724e00"><span class="section-number-3">8.29</span> Mental</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org23aae76" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org23aae76"><span class="section-number-3">8.30</span> Mesures</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgf2dd801" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgf2dd801"><span class="section-number-3">8.31</span> Métaux</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org841cc8f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org841cc8f"><span class="section-number-3">8.32</span> Mouvement</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-32">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>jĺšek (n.9)</dt><dd>chemin, voie</dd>
|
||
<dt>wyhakòm (vt.)</dt><dd>quitter, partir</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgd7df29e" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgd7df29e"><span class="section-number-3">8.33</span> Nature</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org6ecec68" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org6ecec68"><span class="section-number-3">8.34</span> Nombres</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org3fd2059" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org3fd2059"><span class="section-number-3">8.35</span> Nourriture</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgdf7a8e6" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgdf7a8e6"><span class="section-number-3">8.36</span> Outils</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org09c7147" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org09c7147"><span class="section-number-3">8.37</span> Parole</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-37">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>vár (n.2)</dt><dd>langue (linguistique), langage, parole</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgbfb9121" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgbfb9121"><span class="section-number-3">8.38</span> Péchés</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgb8ddf5e" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgb8ddf5e"><span class="section-number-3">8.39</span> Physique</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org19634d6" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org19634d6"><span class="section-number-3">8.40</span> Possession</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org757c491" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org757c491"><span class="section-number-3">8.41</span> Religion</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-41">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>hjalp (n.1)</dt><dd>dieu céleste</dd>
|
||
<dt>melex (n.1)</dt><dd>dieu terrestre</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org8a7dd4f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org8a7dd4f"><span class="section-number-3">8.42</span> Savoir</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-42">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>bóljòluþ (vt.)</dt><dd>savoir</dd>
|
||
<dt>wanmjöd (n.2)</dt><dd>savoir, connaissance</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgb1df232" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgb1df232"><span class="section-number-3">8.43</span> Sensations</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-43">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>feŗtef (n.2)</dt><dd>douleur. Étymologie : <i>feŗan</i> + <i>’eßtef</i>, une <i>tristesse mauvaise</i></dd>
|
||
<dt>núótöm (vt.)</dt><dd>voir</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgcf47896" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orgcf47896"><span class="section-number-3">8.44</span> Sexe</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org3a63280" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org3a63280"><span class="section-number-3">8.45</span> Société</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org757c11d" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org757c11d"><span class="section-number-3">8.46</span> Substances</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-46">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>lúb (n.9)</dt><dd>air</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orga24a59f" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orga24a59f"><span class="section-number-3">8.47</span> Temps</h3>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-8-47">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>bém (n.2)</dt><dd>jour (cycle temporel)</dd>
|
||
<dt>heol (n.2)</dt><dd>heure</dd>
|
||
<dt>łail (n.2)</dt><dd>année</dd>
|
||
<dt>ţealnat (adj.)</dt><dd>précision temporelle, précis.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orgfcfa022" class="outline-4">
|
||
<h4 id="orgfcfa022"><span class="section-number-4">8.47.1</span> Jours de la semaine</h4>
|
||
<div class="outline-text-4" id="text-8-47-1">
|
||
<dl class="org-dl">
|
||
<dt>ðúbém (n.2)</dt><dd>septième jour de la semaine / jour d’agent. Étymologie : <i>ðúr</i> + <i>bém</i></dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orga6224b5" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orga6224b5"><span class="section-number-3">8.48</span> Travail</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org77717a3" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org77717a3"><span class="section-number-3">8.49</span> Végétaux</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-org727d31a" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="org727d31a"><span class="section-number-3">8.50</span> Vêtements</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="outline-container-orge694204" class="outline-3">
|
||
<h3 id="orge694204"><span class="section-number-3">8.51</span> Vie et santé</h3>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="postamble" class="status">
|
||
<p class="author">Auteur: Lucien Cartier-Tilet</p>
|
||
<p class="date">Created: 2018-06-03 dim. 19:14</p>
|
||
<p class="validation"></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|