Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions
Click IPA symbols for audio
↓Manner/Place→ | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo-palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stop | t | ɖ | k g | q ɢ | |||||
Nasal | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||
Affricate | tʃ dʒ | ||||||||
Fricative | θ ð | z | ʃ ʒ | ʂ ʐ | ɕ | ç ʝ | χ ʁ | h | |
Approximant | ɹ | j | |||||||
Lateral fricative | ɬ ɮ | ||||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
Vowel inventory
IPA vowel chart | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ||||||||||||||||||||
Guide to phonological rules: e → i / _g means ‘e’ turns into ‘i’ before a ‘g’.
C = consonant, V = vowel, S = stop, N = nasal consonant, F = fricative, K = velar, L = lateral, R = resonant/sonorant, P = labial/bilabial E = front vowel, B = back vowel, # = word boundary, Ø = null/nothing
Singular | Plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | Masculine | man | men | Prefix: | |
Feminine | woman | women | Prefix: | ||
Accusative | Masculine | man | Prefix: |
men | Prefix: |
Feminine | woman | Prefix: |
women | Prefix: | |
Genitive | Masculine | man's | Prefix: |
men's | Prefix: |
Feminine | woman's | Prefix: |
women's | Prefix: | |
Dative | Masculine | to [the/a] man | Prefix: |
to men | Prefix: |
Feminine | to [the/a] woman | Prefix: |
to [the/some] women | Prefix: | |
Locative | Masculine | in/at/by [the/a] man | Prefix: |
in/at/by [the/some] men | Prefix: |
Feminine | in/at/by [the/a] woman | Prefix: |
in/at/by [the/some] women | Prefix: |
Singular | Plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | Masculine | the [man] | the [men] | ||
Feminine | the [woman] | the [women] | |||
Accusative | Masculine | the [man] | the [men] | ||
Feminine | the [woman] | the [women] | |||
Genitive | Masculine | the [man's] | the [men's] | ||
Feminine | the [woman's] | the [women's] | |||
Dative | Masculine | to the [man] | to the [men] | ||
Feminine | to the [woman] | to the [women] | |||
Locative | Masculine | in/at/by the [man] | in/at/by the [men] | ||
Feminine | in/at/by the [woman] | in/at/by the [women] |
Uses of definite article that differ from English:
• Definite article can be omitted
Example: ‘I am going to jacuzzi’
• Used to talk about countable nouns in general
Example: English's ‘I like cats’ would translate to ‘I like the cats’
• Not used for mass (uncountable) nouns
‘Walking in the mud’ would always translate to ‘Walking in mud’.
• Used for languages: ‘The English’
• Used with place names: ‘The London’
Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | Dative | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | me | mine | to me | |||||
you (masc.) | you (masc.) | yours (masc.) | to you (masc.) | |||||
you (fem.) | you (fem.) | yours (fem.) | to you (fem.) | he | him | his | to him | |
she | her | hers | to her | |||||
we | us | ours | to us | |||||
you | you | yours | to you | |||||
they (masc.) | them (masc.) | their (masc.) | to them (masc.) | |||||
they (fem.) | them (fem.) | their (fem.) | to them (fem.) |
Indicative mood | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Past | Present | Future | ||
Perfective | studied | study | will study | |
1st.sg | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: | |
2nd.sg | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: | |
3rd.sg | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: | |
1st.pl | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: | |
2nd.pl | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: | |
3rd.pl | Prefix: |
Prefix: |
Prefix: |
‘have studied’
Uses the particle
‘am studying’
Uses the word for ‘be’ after main verb.
‘study!’ (as a command)
First person: Prefix:
Second person: Prefix:
Prefix on verb:
Tense affixes come between the root verb and the negative affix.
Key:
Use the format e > ɛ to apply changes. (Supports RegEx, and OR command to create random choice between two options).