From f77c345fca52c6ef8f477603fcfa109d8acfd235 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Lucien Cartier-Tilet Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2022 15:40:28 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] [Eittlandic] More grammar in general outline Also list how each vowel is read, fix some words --- content/eittlandic.org | 34 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/eittlandic.org b/content/eittlandic.org index 7f7f332..46b0542 100644 --- a/content/eittlandic.org +++ b/content/eittlandic.org @@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ Both have the same meaning as the Eittlandic sentence. However, the near-complete (or even complete in Standard Eittlandic) loss of case marking makes the sentence /fisk barn etar/ much more gruesome. -1. fisk barn etar +1. fisk barn etar / a fish is eating a child | fisk | barn | et-ar | | fish.NOM | barn.ACC | eat-3sg | @@ -604,13 +604,19 @@ sentence in Old Eittlandic and in Standard Eittlandic. | he.NOM | carry.3sg.pret | 3sg.m-ACC | to | lake-DAT | some-DAT | - Standard Eittlandic :: Han til vatn nákkur hann bar | han | til | vatn | nákkur | hann | bar | - | he.NOM | to | lake | some | he.ACC | carry.3sg.pret | + | 3sg.m.NOM | to | lake | some | he.ACC | carry.3sg.pret | + +Eittlandic still retains VSO word order in its relative and +interrogative clauses, as shown below. +- Han mér talð þat kom han hér í gær / he told me he came here yesterday + | han | mér | tal-ð | þat | kom | han | hér | í gær | + | 3sg.m.NOM | 1sg.DAT | tell-3sg.PRET | that | come.3sg.PRET | 3sg.m.NOM | here | yesterday | Loss of case marking also affected adjectives which share most of their declensions with nouns. The parts where Eittlandic retains its fusional aspect is with verbs, where loss of its words’ final vowel had much less impact, as we could see in /barn fisk etar/. In this case, -/etar/ is the third person singular declension of the verb /á et/, a weak +/etar/ is the third person singular declension of the verb /et/, a weak verb. ** Phonetic Inventory and Translitteration @@ -747,7 +753,7 @@ Eittlandic. + Example :: Old Norse /gauð/ (a barking) {{{phon(gɑuð)}}} > Early Middle Eittlandic /gauð/ (a barking, a quarrel) {{{phon(jɑuð)}}}. -This is the first rule of the gj-shift along with the three next +This is the first rule of the g/j-shift along with the three next rules, marking the passage from Old Eittlandic to Middle Eittlandic. **** gl > gʲ @@ -1028,6 +1034,20 @@ graph{graph[dpi=300,bgcolor="transparent"];node[shape=plaintext];"vowels-0jbs0vh #+RESULTS[7867f85cb842efcdbf63b57169c32fb8e2b6831c]: [[file:img/eittlandic/vowel-feature-tree.png]] +- a {{{phon(ɑ)}}} :: +- á {{{phon(ɛ)}}} :: +- æ {{{phon(ɛ)}}} :: +- e {{{phon(e)}}} :: +- é {{{phon(ɛ)}}} :: +- i {{{phon(i)}}} :: +- í {{{phon(e)}}} :: +- o {{{phon(o)}}} :: +- ó {{{phon(ɔ)}}} :: +- u {{{phon(u)}}} :: +- ú {{{phon(o)}}} :: +- y {{{phon(y)}}} :: +- ý {{{phon(ø)}}} :: + **** Private Data :noexport: :PROPERTIES: :CUSTOM_ID: Structural-Overview-Phonetic-Inventory-and-Translitteration-Vowels-Private-Data-jt8bq9m0eaj0 @@ -1729,7 +1749,7 @@ used even in this dialect. - hneisa :: f. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪs)}}} 1. shame, disgrace 2. social isolation -- hneisingr :: n. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪsinɡr̩)}}} +- hneising :: n. {{{phon(n̥ɑɪsinɡ)}}} 1. hermit 2. (modern) shut-in, hikikomori - hnjósa :: v. {{{phon(ɲ̥ɔs)}}} @@ -1778,7 +1798,7 @@ used even in this dialect. :PROPERTIES: :CUSTOM_ID: Dictionnaire-N-0ef6f2af :END: -- noregsúlfr :: m. {{{phon(norejsolvr̩)}}} +- noregsúlf :: m. {{{phon(norejsolv)}}} 1. wolf, litt. Norway’s wolf. Wolf do not naturally live in Eittland and their only relatives introduced to the island were dogs and wolf-dogs which inherited the simpler /úlfr/ term. Noun composed by @@ -1862,7 +1882,7 @@ used even in this dialect. :PROPERTIES: :CUSTOM_ID: Dictionnaire-Ú-c35e6434 :END: -- úlfr :: m. {{{phon(olvr̩)}}} +- úlf :: m. {{{phon(olv)}}} 1. wolf-dog. See also /noregsúlfr/. ** V