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Phundrak-flavored Arch Linux

Introduction

Here will be presented what I do to get my system up and running on a fresh Arch Linux install. These installation instructions were written in order to get an Arch Linux distribution up and running with the same configuration as my main computer’s and my travelling laptop’s configuration.

Install Arch Linux

I usually install Arch from the vanilla ISO, however I began using archfi to install easily the distro (I’ve done it so many times, I know how it works now). Usually, my distros will be installed on at least two partitions, one dedicated to /home, the other to the root partition /.

If the computer supports EFI bootloaders, the EFI partition will be mounted on /boot. I generally use rEFInd as my boot manager, but if you are more comfortable with another one, just install what you want. Be aware that if you format your /boot partition, you will delete all boot managers that already exist; so, if you are dual-booting, DO NOT FORMAT IT. Yes, I made the mistake of wiping the Windows boot manager.

The swap partition is always at least 4GB large, and I should have a total of 12GB of combined RAM and swap. This means on my main computer I have 16GB of RAM and 4GB of swap, but on my thinkpad I have 4GB of RAM and 8GB of swap.

Get the latest live system with fast mirrors

When you boot into the live ISO, execute the following command:

  pacman -Sy reflector
  reflector -c France -c Germany -l 200 -p http -p https --sort rate \
            --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist --verbose

This will update the packages from your live ISO, and you will get the best mirrors for your installation. Of course, change the countries accordingly to your location.

Install the system

Then you can use a custom script to ease your installation of Arch if you do not wish to do it manually. Personally, I’ve done it several times already, I know how the distro works, I just want to be able to install my distro quickly now.

  wget archfi.sf.net/archfi
  # Or from matmoul.github.io/archfi if SourceForge is down
  sh archfi

Then, follow the instructions and install Arch Linux. Take the opportunity to install as many packages as you need, mainly yay which I use as my package manager (it is just a wrapper for pacman) and AUR helper, and pacman-contrib which will help us installing some packages later.

Once your system is installed, reboot and remove your installation media from your computer.

Install basic packages

We will need some basic packages in order to run the bootstrap file. So, let’s install fish (our shell running the script) and git.

  yay -Sy fish git yadm

Execute bootstrap

yadm comes with a very handy feature: its bootstrap script. It can be executed automatically once the dotfiles are cloned with yadm:

  yadm clone https://labs.phundrak.com/phundrak/dotfiles
  # or if labs.phundrak.com is down or too slow for you
  yadm clone https://github.com/phundrak/dotfiles

Notice these two header files, we can see this is a fish script, hence why we need fish (which is my daily shell anyway).

  #!/usr/bin/fish
  # -*- mode: fish -*-

Let’s take a look at what it does.

Decrypt private yadm files

Some private files are stored encrypted in the repository of my yadm dotfiles. I will need them later on during the bootstrap execution.

yadm decrypt

Get a correct keyboard layout

I use mainly the bépo layout, a French keyboard layout inspired by Dvorak layouts, however I sometimes need to switch back to the standard French AZERTY or the American QWERTY layout, so I make it so the Menu key switches for me my layout between these three. This makes it so my xorg configuration of my keyboard looks like this:

  set keyboardconf \
  'Section "InputClass"
          Identifier "system-keyboard"
          MatchIsKeyboard "on"
          Option "XkbLayout" "fr,fr,us"
          Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
          Option "XkbVariant" "bepo_afnor,,"
          Option "XkbOptions" "grp:menu_toggle"
  EndSection'

So, let’s set it as our keyboard configuration.

  printf "\n# Set keyboard layout #########################################################\n\n"
  echo $keyboardconf | sudo tee /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf

Set our locale

I use two main locales, the French and US UTF-8 locales, and I like to keep the Japanese locale activated just in case.

  set mylocales "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" "fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8" "ja_JP.UTF-8 UTF-8"

Let’s enable these.

  printf "\n# Set locale ##################################################################\n\n"
  for item in $mylocales
      if test (grep -e "#$item" /etc/locale.gen)
          sudo sed -i "/$item/s/^#//g" /etc/locale.gen
      end
  end

This is my configuration I usually use when it comes to my locale.

  set localeconf "LANG=en_US.UTF-8
  LC_COLLATE=C
  LC_NAME=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_NUMERIC=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_IDENTIFICATION=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_TELEPHONE=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_MONETARY=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_PAPER=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_ADDRESS=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_TIME=fr_FR.UTF-8
  LC_MEASUREMENT=fr_FR.UTF-8"

Let’s set it as our system’s locale.

  echo $localeconf | sudo tee /etc/locale.conf

Now we can generate our locale!

  printf "\n# Generate locale #############################################################\n\n"
  sudo locale-gen

Create some folders

Let’s create some folders we might need for mounting our drives, Android devices and CDs.

  printf "\n# Create directories for mounting #############################################\n\n"
  sudo mkdir -p /mnt/{USB,CD,Android}
  sudo chown $USER:(id -g $USER) /mnt/{USB,CD,Android}

We also need the following folder for our nano backups.

  mkdir -p $HOME/.cache/nano/backups

Set user’s shell to fish

First of all, the bootstrap shell will set the user’s shell to fish.

  printf "\n# Set fish as the default shell ###############################################\n\n"
  if not test "$SHELL" = "/usr/bin/fish"
      chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
  end

Install yay if it isn’t already installed

Now we’ll need to be sure yay, our AUR helper, is installed on our system. If it is, we don’t need to to anything. However, if it isn’t, we’ll install it manually.

  if ! test (which yay)
      printf "\n# Installing yay ##############################################################\n\n"
      cd
      mkdir -p ~/fromGIT
      cd ~/fromGIT
      git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
      cd yay
      makepkg -si --noconfirm
  else
      printf "\n# yay already installed #######################################################\n\n"
  end

Install basic packages

Let’s set in a custom varible what packages we’ll be needing.

  set PACKAGES \
  acpilight adobe-source-han-sans-jp-fonts asar ascii aspell-en aspell-fr \
  awesome awesome-terminal-fonts awesome-freedesktop-git base-devel bat biber \
  bluez-firmware bluez-utils bookworm bzip2 ccls chicken chromium clisp cppcheck \
  cppreference cppreference-devhelp cpupower discord-canary discount dmenu-lpass \
  docker docker-compose dockerfile-language-server-bin doxygen dunst emacs \
  emacs-org-mode exa exfat-utils farbfeld ffmpegthumbnailer findutils firefox \
  flake8 freeglut fzf gcc-libs gdb gimp gnome-disk-utility \
  gnome-epub-thumbnailer gnu-free-fonts gnuplot go-tools golangci-lint-bin \
  graphviz htop i3-gaps-rounded-git i3lock-blur igdm-bin inetutils \
  j4-dmenu-desktop javascript-typescript-langserver js-beautify jfsutils jmtpfs \
  lain-git less linux-headers lldb logrotate ly meson minted man-db man-pages mpc \
  mpd mpd-rich-presence-discord-git mpv mupdf-tools nano ncdu ncmpcpp \
  nemo-fileroller nemo-preview neofetch netctl networkmanager \
  networkmanager-openvpn nm-connection-editor nodejs-vmd nomacs nordvpn-bin \
  noto-fonts-emoji npm ntfs-3g numlockx openssh otf-fandol otf-ipafont p7zip \
  pacman-contrib pandoc-bin pass pavucontrol pdfpc picom-ibhagwan-git polybar \
  powerline-fonts prettier pulseaudio-bluetooth python-autoflake \
  python-envtpl-git python-epc python-importmagic python-language-server \
  python-nose python-pip python-ptvsd python-pytest python-pywal qt5-imageformats \
  qemu r raw-thumbnailer reflector ripgrep rofi rsync rtv ruby-rb-fsevent \
  ruby-sass rustup samba scrot sent shadow siji-git simplescreenrecorder sshfs \
  st-luke-git sxiv texlive-bin texlive-langchinese texlive-langcyrillic \
  texlive-langgreek texlive-langjapanese texlive-langkorean texlive-latexextra \
  texlive-localmanager-git texlive-most tmux tree ttf-arphic-uming ttf-baekmuk \
  ttf-dejavu ttf-google-fonts-opinionated-git ttf-hanazono ttf-joypixels \
  ttf-koruri ttf-liberation ttf-monapo ttf-sazanami ttf-tibetan-machine \
  typescript typescript-language-server-bin unicode-emoji unrar usbutils valgrind \
  vscode-css-languageserver-bin vscode-html-languageserver-bin w3m wget \
  x11-ssh-askpass xclip xdg-user-dirs-gtk xfsprogs xorg-drivers xorg-server \
  xorg-xinit xss-lock xvkbd yaml-language-server-bin yapf

These are the minimum I would have in my own installation. You can edit it however you want. Let’s install those.

  printf "\n# Installing needed packages ##################################################\n\n"
  sudo pacman -Syu
  for pkg in $PACKAGES
      yay -S --needed $pkg
  end

Tangle configuration files from Org files

Before tangling our configuration files, we need to create some directories first so our files can be properly tangled. Here’s the list of directories we need to create:

$HOME/.config/awesome
$HOME/.config/awesome/theme
$HOME/.config/emacs/private
$HOME/.config/fish
$HOME/.config/gtk-2.0
$HOME/.config/gtk-3.0
$HOME/.config/i3
$HOME/.config/nano
$HOME/.config/ncmpcpp
$HOME/.config/neofetch
$HOME/.config/picom
$HOME/.config/polybar
$HOME/.config/yadm
$HOME/.local/bin
$HOME/org/capture

Our code to generate such directories looks like this:

  <<gen-dirs-tangle()>>

The next step is to tangle all the Org files. Here is the list of files that are to be tangled:

filename
awesome.org
bin.org
fish.org
i3.org
index.org
nano.org
picom.org
polybar.org
rustfmt.org
spacemacs.org
tmux.org 
printf '\n\n==== Tangling bin.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/bin.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling fish.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/fish.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling i3.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/i3.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling index.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/index.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling nano.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/nano.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling polybar.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/polybar.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling spacemacs.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/spacemacs.org")'

printf '\n\n==== Tangling tmux.org\n\n' && \
emacs -q --batch --eval '(require \'ob-tangle)' \
--eval '(setq org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)' \
--eval '(org-babel-do-load-languages \'org-babel-load-languages \'((python . t)))' \
--eval '(org-babel-tangle-file "~/org/config/tmux.org")'

  printf "\n# Tangling org files ##########################################################\n\n"
  <<generate-tangle()>>

Let’s also make sure the exported files that are supposed to be executables are indeed executables.

  find ~/.local/bin -type f -exec chmod +x {} +

Setting up Emacs: Installing Spacemacs

Now, the first thing we want to do with Emacs is install its Spacemacs distribution. We’ll clone its develop branch into ~/.config/emacs. We need to do this prior to our dotfiles’ cloning because of some submodules that are cloned within our ~/.config/emacs directory, and git won’t let us clone Spacemacs in an already existing and non-empty directory. To make sure it isn’t one, let’s delete any potentially existing ~/.config/emacs directory:

  printf "\n# Installing Spacemacs ########################################################\n\n"
  rm -rf ~/.config/emacs

Now we can clone Spacemacs:

  git clone --single-branch --branch develop https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs ~/.config/emacs

And we can restore what might have been deleted in our ~/.emacs.d/private directory:

  yadm checkout -- ~/.config/emacs/private/

Set up dotfiles

Update our dotfiles’ remotes

This line in the bootstrap script will test if the current user is using my username. If yes, it’s probably me.

  if ! test (echo "phundrak" | sed -e "s/^.*$USER//I")

If it is me installing and using these dotfiles, I want the remotes of my dotfiles to be set to ssh remotes using my ssh keys.

  printf "\n# Update yadm’s remotes #######################################################\n\n"
  yadm remote set-url origin git@labs.phundrak.com:phundrak/dotfiles.git
  yadm remote add github git@github.com:phundrak/dotfiles.git

I will also want to decrypt my encrypted files, such as said ssh keys.

  printf "\n# Decrypt encrypted dotfiles ##################################################\n\n"
  yadm decrypt

Finally, let’s close this if statement.

  end

Get envtpl

Before we set our dotfiles up, let’s make sure envtpl is correctly installed. This package will be needed for generating our alt dotfiles.

  printf '\n# Install envtpl ##############################################################\n\n'
  yay -Syu --needed python-envtpl-git

Update our submodules

Now we can download the various dependencies of our dotfiles. To do so, let’s run the following command:

  printf "\n# Getting yadm susbmodules ####################################################\n\n"
  yadm submodule update --init --recursive

Enable some services

We have installed some packages which require some services to run. Let’s enable them.

Systemd-timesyncd

This service enables time syncing with the NTP protocol, so I can be sure my computer’s time is correct. The service first needs to be enabled:

  printf "\n# Enabling timesync ###########################################################\n\n"
  sudo systemctl enable --now systemd-timesyncd

Now, let systemd know I want to use the NTP protocol to keep my computer’s time synced.

  sudo timedatectl set-ntp true

Docker

First, let’s activate Docker.

  printf "\n# Enabling and starting Docker ################################################\n\n"
  sudo systemctl enable --now docker

Now, if we wish it, we can be added to the docker group so we won’t have to type sudo each time we call Docker or Docker Compose.

  read --prompt "echo 'Do you wish to be added to the `docker` group? (Y/n): ' " -l adddockergroup
  if test $adddockergroup = 'y' || test $adddockergroup = "Y" || test $adddockergroup = ''
      sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
  end

Emacs

Emacs will run as a user service, which means it won’t be launched until we log in.

  printf "\n# Enabling Emacs as user service ##############################################\n\n"
  systemctl --user enable --now emacs

Mpd

Mpd will also use as a user service in order to get rid of some lines of code in my configuration.

  printf "\n# Enabling Mpd as a user service ##############################################\n\n"
  mkdir -p ~/.config/mpd/playlists
  systemctl --user enable --now mpd

SSH server

Maybe we want to activate an SSH server on our machine. If so, we can enable it. Let’s ask the question.

  read --prompt "echo 'Do you want to activate the ssh server? (Y/n): ' " -l sshdserver
  if test $sshdserver = 'y' || test $sshdserver = "Y" || test $sshdserver = ''
      printf "\n# Enabling ssh server #########################################################\n\n"
      sudo systemctl enable --now sshd
  end

Ly

Ly is a display manager based on ncurses which I find nice enough for me to use (I generally don’t like using display managers). Let’s enable it, and let’s disable tty2 while we’re at it (Ly uses it to run X).

  sudo systemctl enable --now ly
  sudo systemctl disable getty@tty2

Acpilight

acpilight is our utility managing the brightness of our screen. There is actually no service to enable here, but we must ensure the user is part of the video group so we can modify the brightness of our screen without using sudo.

  sudo usermod -aG video $USER

NordVPN

Thanks to the AUR package nordvpn-bin, I no longer have to manually maintain my VPN connections manually with OpenVPN. However, it requires a service that we should activate:

sudo systemctl enable --now nordvpnd

Symlink some system config files

We have some files in etc/ that are to be symlinked to /etc.

  for f in (find ~/.etc -type f)
      set dest (echo $f | sed -n 's/^.*etc\(.*\)$/\/etc\1/p')
      sudo ln -s $f $dest
  end

We may also want to symlink our nanorc to the /root directory for when we use nano as sudo.

  read --prompt "echo 'Symlink .nanorc to root’s .nanorc? (Y/n): ' " -l nanoroot
  if test $nanoroot = 'y' || test $nanoroot = "Y" || test $nanoroot = ''
      printf "\n# Symlinking .nanorc to root’s .nanorc ########################################\n\n"
      sudo ln -s $HOME/.nanorc /root/.nanorc
  end

Install packages from git

Now, let’s install some packages from git directly.

  mkdir -p ~/fromGIT

Polybar Battery

Now let’s install polybar-battery. This is a binary that I’ll use in my i3 config to indicate my battery level. It also sends a notification on low battery and on charging completed.

  printf "\n# Install polybar-battery #####################################################\n\n"
  cd ~/fromGIT
  git clone https://github.com/drdeimos/polybar_another_battery.git
  cd polybar_another_battery
  go get -u github.com/distatus/battery/cmd/battery
  make build

Now, we have our binary, let’s symlink it in our local binary directory, ~/.local/bin.

  cd ~/.local/bin
  ln -s ~/fromGIT/polybar_another_battery/polybar-ab polybar-ab

Reveal.JS

I sometimes use Reveal.JS to make presentations, and I set its location in my dotspacemacs file to be in ~/fromGIT, so let’s clone it there.

  printf "\n# Install Reveal.JS ###########################################################\n\n"
  cd ~/fromGIT
  git clone https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js.git

Install powerline fonts

I also need some powerline fonts for my terminal theme.

  printf "\n# Install powerline fonts #####################################################\n\n"
  cd ~/fromGIT
  git clone https://github.com/powerline/fonts.git --depth=1
  cd fonts
  ./install.sh
  fc-cache -vf

Install Rust

Install the toolchains

When using rust, I bounce between two toolchains, the stable toolchain and the nightly toolchain. To install them, I will use rustup which has already been installed.

  printf "\n# Install the rust toolchains, nightly is the default one #####################\n\n"
  rustup default nightly

This will both download the nightly toolchain and set it as the default one. Yup, I like to live dangerously. Now to install the stable toolchain, let’s run this:

  rustup toolchain install stable

Install some utilities

We’ll need some utilities when developing Rust from Emacs, namely rustfmt and racer. Let’s install them with cargo.

  printf "\n# Add rust utilities ##########################################################\n\n"
  cargo install rustfmt racer

We will also need some components for development purposes:

  rustup component add src
  rustup component add rls

Install some python packages

Some packages will be needed from pip in order to get our Emacs setup correctly working. Let’s install them locally for our user:

  printf "\n# Installing Python packages ##################################################\n\n"
  pip install --user pyls-isort pyls-mypy

For some reason, the version of jedi installed with the Python language server is too recent, it is required by pyls. So, let’s replace it:

  sudo pip uninstall jedi
  sudo pip install 'jedi<0.16,>=0.14.1'

Hopefully this will be fixed soon.

Install go packages

For go development from Emacs, the Spacemacs go and lsp layers requires some packages to be installed.

  printf "\n# Installing Go packages ######################################################\n\n"
  go get -v golang.org/x/tools/gopls@latest
  go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc
  go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
  go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gorename
  go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/guru
  go get -u -v github.com/cweill/gotests/...
  go get -u -v github.com/davidrjenni/reftools/cmd/fillstruct
  go get -u -v github.com/fatih/gomodifytags
  go get -u -v github.com/godoctor/godoctor
  go get -u -v github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint
  go get -u -v github.com/haya14busa/gopkgs/cmd/gopkgs
  go get -u -v github.com/josharian/impl
  go get -u -v github.com/mdempsky/gocode
  go get -u -v github.com/rogpeppe/godef
  go get -u -v github.com/zmb3/gogetdoc
  go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/gopls

Set up Chicken (Scheme interpreter/compiler)

Chicken needs to be set up before being used. First, we need to install its documentation.

  printf "\n# Setting up Chicken ##########################################################\n\n"
  chicken-install -s apropos chicken-doc

Then, we’ll complete the documentation like so:

  cd (chicken-csi -b -e "(import (chicken platform))" -p "(chicken-home)")
  curl https://3e8.org/pub/chicken-doc/chicken-doc-repo.tgz | sudo tar zx

Clean the pacman and yay cache

Finally, we are almost done! Let’s clean the cache of pacman and yay.

  printf "\n# Clean the pacman and yay cache ##############################################\n\n"
  yay -Sc --noconfirm

Export configuration file from org files

As I strive to write most of my configuration file as literary programming files through org-mode, they are not versioned nor downloaded by git when cloning my dotfiles. This is why

Set up our fish shell

The last thing we want to do is to set up our fish shell with some extensions in order to improve the user experience.

Install fisher

We will be using fisher as our extensions manager for Fish. Let’s install it.

  printf "\n# Installing fisher ###########################################################\n\n"
  curl https://git.io/fisher --create-dirs -sLo ~/.config/fish/functions/fisher.fish

Install our extensions

I generally use the following extensions in my Fish shell.

Package name Description
fishpkg/fish-prompt-metro Fast, git-aware, space-conscious, Powerline prompt
jorgebucaran/fish-bax Run bash scripts, replaying environment changes in fish
franciscolourenco/done Automatically receive notifications when a long process finishes
jethrokuan/fzf Improved key bindings for junegunn/fzf
jethrokuan/z Pure-fish rupa/z-like directory jumping
jorgebucaran/fish-getopts CLI options parser; alternative to the argparse fish builtin
laughedelic/pisces Autoclose parentheses, braces, quotes and other paired symbols
acomagu/fish-async-prompt Make your prompt asynchronous to increase it reactivity
Fish extensions managed by Fisher 
fisher add fishpkg/fish-prompt-metro
fisher add jorgebucaran/fish-bax
fisher add franciscolourenco/done
fisher add jethrokuan/fzf
fisher add jethrokuan/z
fisher add jorgebucaran/fish-getopts
fisher add laughedelic/pisces
fisher add acomagu/fish-async-prompt

  printf "\n# Installing Fisher Extensions ################################################\n\n"
  <<fish-ext-py()>>