104 KiB
Phundrak’s Spacemacs Configuration
- Introduction
- Spacemacs layers and packages
- Init
- User Initialization
- User Configuration
- Footnotes
Introduction
This file is the main source file for my Emacs configuration which contains
most of the user code. It is exported thanks to Emacs’ code tangling from the
original Org file which you can find on my dotfiles’ repository1 if you
are reading the web version of it. You can also find there my
.spacemacs2 and its code which isn’t part of the present file. As you
can see in my .spacemacs, at init-time, if Emacs detects the tangled
configuration files are older than the Org file, then Emacs tangles them
again, and then loads them.
Spacemacs layers and packages
Here will be our layer configuration set. Everything here is set with a
setq-default in the dotspacemacs/layers function like so:
(defun dotspacemacs/layers ()
(setq-default
;; configuration goes here
))General configuration
First, we need to tell Spacemacs which base distribution we are using. This
is a layer contained in the directory +distribution. For now, available
distributions are spacemacs-base and spacemacs (the default one).
(setq-default dotspacemacs-distribution 'spacemacs)We can seet a lazy installation of layers —i.e. layers are installed only when a file with a supported type is opened. Possible values are:
-
all - will lazy install any layer that support lazy installation even
the layers listed in
dotspacemacs-configuration-layers -
unused - will lazy install only unused layers (i.e. layers not listed in
the variable
dotspacemacs-configuration-layers) -
nil - disables the lazy installation feature and you have to explicitly
list a layer in the variable
dotspacemacs-configuration-layersto install it.
The default value is unused.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-lazy-installation 'unused)
If the following variable is non-nil, Spacemacs will ask for confirmation
before installing a layer lazily. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-ask-for-lazy-installation t)Package management
It is possible to indicate to Spacemacs a list of additional paths where to
look for configuration layers. Paths must have a trailing slash, i.e.
~/.mycontribs/. As you can see, I added none:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layer-path '())
However, I do have additional packages I installed either from the Elpa or
the Melpa. These are set in dotspacemacs-additional-packages, a list of
additional packages that will be installed without being wrapped in a layer.
If you need some configuration for these packages, then consider creating a
layer. You can also puth the configuration in dotspacemacs/user-config. To
use a local version of a package, use the :location property, for instance:
'(your-package :location "~/path/to/your-package/")
With the variable dotspacemacs-additional-packages, it is possible to
install extra packages which are not already included in any layers.
Dependencies should be explicitly included as they won’t be resolved
automatically. Here is a table of all the extra packages I use:
| name of the package | why is it installed |
|---|---|
| dired-du | alternative to ncdu with Dired |
| doom-themes | some cool themes |
| edit-indirect | edit region in separate buffer |
| elcord | rich integration of Emacs in Discord |
| eshell-git-prompt | pimp my Eshell |
| kaolin-themes | some cool themes |
| magit-gitflow | integrate gitflow in Magit |
| meson-mode | major mode for Meson build files |
| multiple-cursors | I don’t like the layer, I prefer this package alone |
| org-sidebar | display on the side the outline of an Org buffer |
| outorg | edit comments as Org-mode buffers |
| pinentry | enter a GPG password from Emacs |
| visual-fill-column | allow the use of fill-column in visual-line-mode |
| wttrin | weather in Emacs |
| yasnippet-snippets | snippets for YaSnippet |
It is possible to also list packages that cannot be updated:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-frozen-packages '())And to list packages which won’t be installed nor loaded:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-excluded-packages '())Finally, it is possible to define the behaviour of Spacemacs when installing packages. Possible values are:
-
used-only - installs only explicitly used packages and deletes any unused packages as well as their unused dependencies
-
used-but-keep-unused - installs only the used packages but won’t delete unused ones
-
all - installs all packages supported by Spacemacs and never uninstalls them.
The default value is used-only.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-install-packages 'used-only)Layers
All layers are set one variable: dotspacemacs-configuration-layers. This
variable is a list of layers, some of them will have some custom variables.
Typically, the variable will be set like so:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-configuration-layers
'(emacs-lisp
helm
multiple-cursors
org
(shell :variables shell-default-height
30 shell-default-position 'bottom)
treemacs))Checkers
The two first checkers I use are for spell and syntax checking.
spell-checking is disabled by default, however it should auto-detect the
dictionary to use.
(spell-checking :variables
spell-checking-enable-by-default nil
spell-checking-enable-auto-dictionary t)
syntax-checkingCompletion
auto-completion is a layer enabled in order to provide auto-completion to
all supported language layers. It is set so that the RET key has no
behavior with this layer, however the TAB key cycles between candidates
displayed by the auto-completion toolbox. I also want the autocompletion to
include snippets in the popup, and the content of the popup is sorted by
usage. It is also disabled for two modes: magit and Org.
(auto-completion :variables
auto-completion-complete-with-key-sequence-delay 0.2
auto-completion-enable-help-tooltip 'manual
auto-completion-enable-snippets-in-popup t
auto-completion-enable-sort-by-usage t
:disabled-for
org
git)
helm is also enabled, with its header disabled.
(helm :variables helm-no-header t)As described below, I use Gnus as my main email client. Therefore, I have the gnus layer enabled:
gnusEmacs
The first layer enabled in this category is better-defaults. I also made
it so that when a command equivalent to C-a or C-e is pressed, the
cursor will respectively first move to the beginning of code first before
going past the indentation and to the end of the code before going to the
end of the line before going over the end of the comments on the same line.
(better-defaults :variables
better-defaults-move-to-beginning-of-code-first t
better-defaults-move-to-end-of-code-first t)
I also enabled ibuffer and made it so that buffers are sorted by projects.
(ibuffer :variables
ibuffer-group-buffers-by 'projects)
Most important of all, the org layer is also enabled. I enabled support
for Epub exports, Github, Reveal.JS exports, and sticky headers. Project
support is also enabled through files named TODOs.org. I also set the
org-download folder for images in ~/Pictures/org/, and I set the RET key
to follow org links if the cursor is on one.
(org :variables
org-enable-epub-support t
org-enable-github-support t
org-enable-reveal-js-support t
org-enable-sticky-header t
org-enable-org-journal-support t
spaceline-org-clock-p t
org-projectile-file "TODOs.org"
org-download-image-dir "~/Pictures/org/"
org-return-follows-link t)
The semantic layer is also enabled.
semanticFile trees
In this category, I only enabled one layer: treemacs. In this layer, I set
is so that treemacs syncs with my current buffer, and it automatically
refreshes its buffer when there is a change in the part of the file system
shown by treemacs.
(treemacs :variables
treemacs-use-follow-mode t
treemacs-use-filewatch-mode t)Fonts
In this category, again, one layer is enabled: unicode-fonts. This layer
addssupport for the unicode-fonts package.
unicode-fontsFun
In this category, I only enabled two layers: selectric and xkcd.
selectric xkcdInternationalization
In this category, I enabled the keyboard-layout layer to enable
compatibility with the bépo layout. This layer, however, is disabled for
magit, Dired and eww.
(keyboard-layout :variables
kl-layout 'bepo
kl-disabled-configurations '(magit dired eww))Programming languages
Domain-specific (DSLs)
In this category, I enabled support for the R programming language (the
ess layer), the major-modes layer for the Arch Linux PKGBUILDs support,
the prolog, emacs-lisp and scheme layers, support for the CSV format
with the csv layer, the yaml language, shell scripting languages and
support for the dot tool with the graphviz layer.
ess major-modes prolog emacs-lisp scheme graphviz yaml shell-scripts
I also added support for HTML and CSS with the html layer, with the web
formatting tool set to web-beautify, and the LSP layer compatibility
enabled for CSS, less, SCSS and HTML.
(html :variables
web-fmt-tool 'web-beautify
css-enable-lsp t
less-enable-lsp t
scss-enable-lsp t
html-enable-lsp t)
The json layer is also enabled, with the format tool set to
web-beautify.
(json :variables
json-fmt-tool 'web-beautify)The LaTeX layer has also been enabled, with its default compiler set to XeLaTeX. I also enabled the auto-fill feature, the folding capacity and the “magic” symbols.
(latex :variables
latex-build-command "xelatex"
latex-enable-auto-fill t
latex-enable-folding t
latex-enable-magic t)
The Markdown layer has been enabled, with support for live preview with
vmd, and and automatic MMM-mode generation for C, C++, Python, Rust and
Emacs Lisp.
(markdown :variables
markdown-live-preview-engine 'vmd
markdown-mmm-auto-modes '("c"
"c++"
"python"
"rust"
("elisp" "emacs-lisp")))Frameworks
Only one framework support has been enabled so far, and is is for the Django framework.
djangoGeneral-purpose
Among the layers I activated, the only one without any specific
configuration is the asm layer for the Assembly language.
asm
Next, you can find the C/C++ layer for which I set the default language for
.h files to be C. I also enabled support for the C++11 standard, the
Google coding style for C++, support for subprojects and organization of
the include directives on a file save. I also set a couple of LSP-related
variables, such as the LSP executable for C/C++ for its CCLS backend and
some highlight variables.
(c-c++ :variables
c-c++-default-mode-for-headers 'c-mode
c-c++-adopt-subprojects t
c-c++-enable-google-style t
c-c++-enable-c++11 t
c-c++-backend 'lsp-ccls
c-c++-lsp-executable "/usr/bin/ccls"
c-c++-lsp-sem-highlight-method 'overlay
c-c++-lsp-sem-highlight-rainbow t
c++-enable-organize-includes-on-save t)Dart has also been enabled, with a custom path to the SDK of the Dart server, and to the LSP server of Dart.
(dart :variables
dart-server-sdk-path "/opt/flutter/bin/cache/dart-sdk/"
lsp-dart-sdk-dir "/opt/flutter/bin/cache/dart-sdk/")When it comes to the Python layer, I set its backend and formatter to be bound to the LSP layer. Its fill columnn was also set to 80 characters, imports are sorted on save, and the tests can be run using either nose.el or pytest.
(python :variables
python-backend 'lsp
python-sort-imports-on-save t
python-fill-column 80
python-test-runner '(pytest nose)
python-formatter 'lsp)With the Rust layer, the only custom configuration set is the backend being bound to the LSP layer.
(rust :variables rust-backend 'lsp)
As regards the JavaScript layer, I set its backend to the LSP layer, and
bound its format tool to web-beautify and its REPL is browser-based. I
also want to include node_modules/.bin to be automatically added to the
buffer local exec_path.
(javascript :variables
javascript-backend 'lsp
javascript-fmt-tool 'web-beautify
javascript-repl 'skewer
node-add-modules-path t)Readers
In this category, only the epub and pdf layers are enabled so I can read
these files from Emacs directly.
epub pdfVersion control
Only the git layer is enabled in this category.
gitThemes
Here, the colors layer is the only one enabled. It activates support for
identifiers colorization, and strings representing colors.
colorsTools
In this category, the first layer to be enabled is the CMake layer for which
I enabled support for the cmake-ide package.
(cmake :variables
cmake-enable-cmake-ide-support t)Next, we have the Docker, Nginx, Pass (the standard Unix password manager), Prettier, Systemd, Imenu-list, Web-beautify, Dap, Helpful, and LSP layers enabled.
docker imenu-list nginx pass prettier systemd web-beautify helpful dap lspWe also have the RestClient layer enabled for which I enabled the Org compatibility support.
(restclient :variables
restclient-use-org t)And finally, we also have the Shell layer for which I specified its default height when spawning at the bottom of the screen should be 40 lines high, and the default shell to invoke is Eshell.
(shell :variables
shell-default-height 40
shell-default-position 'right
shell-default-shell 'eshell)Web Services
In this category, I have only enabled a layer for Twitter support.
twitterCustom layers
Lastly, three custom layers have been enabled: a w3m layer, and two of my custom layers for Dired and for conlanging tools.
conlanging dired-phundrak w3mInit
The dotspacemacs/init function is the one called at the very begining of the
Spacemacs startup, before any kind of configuration, including the layer
configuration. Only the values of the Spacemacs settings should be modified
here. By default, every values are set in a setq-default sexp, and they
represent all the supported Spacemacs settings. Hence, the function looks like
this:
(defun dotspacemacs/init ()
(setq-default
;; default Spacemacs configuration here
))Emacs with pdumper
It is possible to compile Emacs 27 from source with support for the portable
dumper, as shown in Spacemacs’ EXPERIMENTAL.org file. I do not use this
feature yet, as I am still on Emacs 26 provided from Arch Linux’s
repositories, so I’ll disable the Spacemacs support for this feature. The
default value of this variable is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-emacs-pdumper nil)
In case the support for pdumper was enabled, Spacemacs needs to know the name
of the Emacs executable which supports such a feature. The executable must be
in the user’s PATH. By default, the value of the variable is "emacs".
(setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-pdumper-executable-file "emacs")
And finally, we can name the Spacemacs dump file. This is the file that will
be created by the portable dumper in the cache directory under the dumps
sub-directory. To load it when starting Emacs, the parameter --dump-file
should be added when invoking Emacs 27.1 executable from the command line,
for instance:
./emacs --dump-file=~/.emacs.d/.cache/dumps/spacemacs.pdmpThe default value of this variable is "spacemacs.pdmp".
(setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-dumper-dump-file "spacemacs.pdmp")Package managment and updates
Spacemacs’ core configuration can be updated via git commands using Github
services. If Spacemacs is not set to the develop branch, it can check by
itself if any update is available. However, I am using said branch, therefore
I should set this variable to nil. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-check-for-update nil)
When it comes to package management, Spacemacs is able to store them in
different directories depending on the version of Emacs used or based on
other variables. I personally prefer to use the value emacs-version since
it makes it easier to upgrade or downgrade Emacs without any conflict with
the already installed packages. The default value is emacs-version.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-subdirectory 'emacs-version)
Spacemacs has a capacity of performing rollbacks after updates. We can set
the maximum number of rollback slots to keep in the cache. The default value
is 5.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-max-rollback-slots 5)Elpa repository
It is possible to ask Emacs to use an HTTPS connection when contacting the
Elpa whenever possible. This value should be set to nil when the user has
no way to contact the Elpa though HTTPS, otherwise it is strongly
recommended to let it set to t. This variable however has no effect if
Emacs is launched with the parameter --insecure which forces the value of
this variable to nil. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-https t)
We can set a maximum amount of seconds which will represent the maximum
allowed time to contact the Elpa repository. By default, this setting is set
on 5.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-elpa-timeout 5)Spacelpa repository
The Spacelpa repository is a Spacemacs-specific package repository. It is
possible to use it as the primary source to install a locked version of a
package. If the below value is set to nil, then Spacemacs will install the
latest version of packages from MELPA. I personally don’t use it, so I let
it set to nil. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-use-spacelpa nil)
If the below value is not nil, then the signature for the downloaded
Spacelpa packages must be verified.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-verify-spacelpa-archives t)Editing style
By default, Spacemacs encourages the use of evil-mode, which brings vim keybinding in Emacs. Still, it has three different styles available:
vim, which goes full evil-mode usage and most adapted to Emacs newcomers, especially if they were used to vim before, with the use of a normal mode and an insert mode.emacswhich keeps an Emacs-like feel to the keybindings, without any difference between an insert or normal mode.hybridis a modification of thevimmode which brings theemacsstyle in insert mode, but otherwise behaves like thevimstyle in normal mode. This is the style I personally use.
The value can also be a list with the :variables keyword (similar to
layers). Check the editing styles section of the documentation for details on
available variables. The default value is vim.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-editing-style '(hybrid :variables
hybrid-mode-enable-evilified-state t
hybrid-mode-default-state 'normal))Spacemacs home configuration
The value below specifies the startup banner of Spacemacs. The default value
is official, it displays the official Spacemacs logo. An integer value is
the index of text banner, random chooses a random text banner in the
core/banners directory. A string value must be a path to an image format
supported by your Emacs build. If the value is nil, then no banner is
displayed. The default value is official.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-banner 'official)
On the Spacemacs homepage, a list of elements can also be shown, be it recent
files, projects, agenda items,… Each of the elements making up the list value
of the below variable are pairs in the form (list-type . list-size). If the
value is nil, then it is disabled. The possible values for list-type are:
-
recents - displays recently opened files
-
bookmarks - displays saved bookmarks
-
projects - displays projectile projects recently opened
-
agenda - displays upcoming events from Org-mode agendas
-
todos - displays recent TODOs detected in projectile projects
The order in which they are set in the below list affects their order on the
Spacemacs startup page. List sikes may be nil, in which case
spacemacs-buffer-startup-lists-length takes effect.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-lists '((recents . 15)
(projects . 15)
(agenda . 10)))
The below variable allows the startup page to respond to resize events. Its
default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-startup-buffer-responsive t)Default major modes
The below variable sets a default major mode for a new empty buffer. Possible
values are mode names such as text-mode, or nil to use Fundamental mode.
The default value is text-mode, but I prefer to use org-mode by default.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-new-empty-buffer-major-mode 'org-mode)
Similarly, the below variable sets the default mode for the scratch buffer.
Its default value is text-mode, but I also set it to use org-mode by
default.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-scratch-mode 'org-mode)By the way, it is possible to set a default message for the scratch buffer,
such as “Welcome to Spacemacs!”. I prefer to keep it clean. The default value
is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-initial-scratch-message nil)Visual configuration
Themes
Spacemacs makes it quite easy to use themes and organize them. The below
value is a list of themes, the first of the list is loaded when Spacemacs
starts. The user can press SPC T n to cycle to the next theme in the list.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-themes '(doom-vibrant doom-nord spacemacs-dark doom-one
doom-opera doom-dracula doom-molokai doom-peacock
doom-sourcerer doom-spacegrey kaolin-dark
kaolin-aurora kaolin-bubblegum kaolin-galaxy
kaolin-mono-dark kaolin-temple kaolin-valley-dark))Emacs also makes use of themes for the Spaceline at the bottom of buffers. Supported themes are:
spacemacsall-the-iconscustomdoom(the one I use)vim-powerlinevanilla
The first three are Spaceline themes. doom is the Doom-Emacs mode-line,
and vanilla is the default Emacs mode-line. custom is a user defined
theme, refer to Spacemacs’ DOCUMENTATION.org file for more info on how to
create your own Spaceline theme. Value can be a symbol or list with
additional properties. The default value is '(spacemacs :separator wave
:separator-scale 1.5)).
(setq-default dotspacemacs-mode-line-theme '(doom
:separator wave
:separator-scale 1.0))
It is also possible to color the cursor depending on which mode Spacemacs is
in, in order to mach the state color in GUI Emacs. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-colorize-cursor-according-to-state t)The below variable sets either the default font or a prioritized list of fonts to be used by Emacs.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-default-font '("FiraCode Nerd Font Mono" :size 8.0
:weight normal
:width normal))Other on-screen elements
which-key is a helper which displays available keyboard shortcuts. This
variable sets in seconds the time Spacemacs should wait between a key press
and the moment which-key should be shown.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-which-key-delay 0.4)
This variable sets which-key's frame position. Possible values are:
rightbottomright-then-bottom
right-then-bottom tries to display the frame to the right, but if there is
insufficient space it displays it at the bottom. The default value is
bottom.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-which-key-position 'bottom)
This controls where switch-to-buffer displays the buffer. If the value is
nil, switch-to-buffer displays the buffer in the current window even if
another same-purpose window is available. If non-nil, switch-to-buffer
displays the buffer in a same-purpose window even if the buffer can be
displayed in the current window. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-switch-to-buffer-prefers-purpose nil)
If this variable is non-nil, a progress bar is displayed when Spacemacs is
loading. This may increase the boot time on some systems and emacs builds,
set it to nil to boost the loading time. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-loading-progress-bar t)
If the value is non-nil, Emacs will show the title of the transient states.
The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-show-transient-state-title t)
If non-nil, this will show the color guide hint for transient state keys.
The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-show-transient-state-color-guide t)
If non-nil, unicode symbols are displayed in the mode line. If you use Emacs
as a daemon and want unicode characters only in GUI set the value to quoted
display-graphic-p. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-mode-line-unicode-symbols t)
If non-nil, smooth scrolling (native-scrolling) is enabled. Smooth scrolling
overrides the default behavior of Emacs which recenters point when it
reaches the top or bottom of the screen. The default value is t.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-smooth-scrolling t)
The following value controls the line number activation. If set to t,
relative or visual then line numbers are enabled in all prog-mode and
text-mode derivatives. If set to relative, line numbers are relative. If
set to visual, line numbers are also relative, but only visual lines are
counted. For example, folded lines will not be counted and wrapped lines are
counted as multiple lines. This variable can also be set to a property list
for finer control:
'(:relative nil
:visual nil
:disabled-for-modes dired-mode
doc-view-mode
markdown-mode
org-mode
pdf-view-mode
text-mode
:size-limit-kb 1000)When used in a plist, visual takes precendence over relative.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-line-numbers '(:relative nil
:enabled-for-modes prog-mode))Select a scope to highlight delimiter. Possible values are:
anycurrentallnil
The default value is all (highlights any scope and emphasis the current
one).
(setq-default dotspacemacs-highlight-delimiters 'all)
After a certain amount of time in seconds, Spacemacs can zone-out. The
default value is nil. I set it so Spacemacs zones out after 15 minutes.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-zone-out-when-idle 900)
Run spacemacs/prettify-org-buffer when visiting the README.org files of
Spacemacs. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-pretty-docs nil)Appearance of Emacs frames
Starting from Emacs 24.4, it is possible to make the Emacs frame fullscreen
when Emacs starts up if the variable is set to a non-nil value. The default
value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-fullscreen-at-startup nil)
This variable is to be used if the user does not want to use native
fullscreen with spacemacs/toggle-fullscreen. This disables for instance
the fullscreen animation under OSX. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-fullscreen-use-non-native nil)
If you do not start Emacs in fullscreen at startup, you might want it to be
maximized by default. If the value for the variable below is set to be
non-nil, the frame will be maximized. This can only work if
dotspacemacs-fullscreen-at-startup is set to nil, and it is only
available from Emacs 24.4 onwards. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-maximized-at-startup nil)
If non-nil, the frame is undecorated when Emacs starts up. Combine this with
the variable dotspacemacs-maximized-at-startup in OSX to obtain borderless
fullscreen. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-undecorated-at-startup nil)
You can also set a transparency level for Emacs when you toggle the
transparency of the frame with toggle-transparency. The value of the
transparency, going from 0 to 100 in increasing opacity, describes the
transparency level of a frame when it’s active or selected. The default
value is 90.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-active-transparency 95)
Similarly, you can set a value from 0 to 100 in increasing opacity which
describes the transparency level of a frame when it’s inactive or
deselected. The default value is 90.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-inactive-transparency 80)The variable below sets the format of frame title. You can use:
-
%a - the
abbreviated-file-nameorbuffer-name -
%t projectile-project-name-
%I invocation-name-
%S system-name-
%U - contents of
$USER -
%b - buffer name
-
%f - visited file name
-
%F - frame name
-
%s - process status
-
%p - percent of buffer above top of window, or Top, Bot, or All
-
%P - percent of buffer above bottom of window, perhaps plus Top, or Bot, or All
-
%m - mode name
-
%n - Narrow if appropriate
-
%z - mnemonics of buffer, terminal, and keyboard coding systems
-
%Z - like
%z, but including the end-of-line format
The default value is "%I@%S".
(setq-default dotspacemacs-frame-title-format "%b (%m)")
Format specification for setting the icon title format. The default value is
nil, same as frame-title-format.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-icon-title-format nil)Spacemacs leader keys and shortcuts
The below setting sets the Spacemacs leader key. By default, this is the
SPC key.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-leader-key "SPC")
Once the leader key has been pressed, it is possible to set another key in
order to call Emacs’ command M-x. By default, it is again the SPC key.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-command-key "SPC")
It is also possible to invoke Vim Ex commands with the press of a key, and by
default it is the : key.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-ex-command-key ":")
The below variable sets the leader key accessible in emacs-state and
insert-state:
(setq-default dotspacemacs-emacs-leader-key "M-m")
The major mode leader key is a shortcut key which is the equivalent of
pressing <leader> m. Set it to nil to disable it. Its default value is
,.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-major-mode-leader-key ",")
In emacs-state and insert-state, the same major mode leader key can be
accessible from another shortcut, which by default is C-M-m.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-major-mode-emacs-leader-key "C-M-m")
These variables control whether separate commands are bound in the GUI to the
key pairs C-i and TAB, and C-m and RET. Setting it to a non-nil value
allows for separate commands under C-i and TAB, and C-m and RET. In
the terminal, these pairs are generally indistinguishable, so this only works
in the GUI. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-distinguish-gui-tab nil)Layouts
The variable belows sets the name of the default layout. Its default value is
"Default".
(setq-default dotspacemacs-default-layout-name "Default")
If non-nil, the default layout name is displayed in the mode-line. The
default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-display-default-layout nil)
If non-nil, then the last auto saved layouts are resumed automatically upon
start. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-resume-layouts nil)
If non-nil, the layout name will be auto-generated when creating new layouts.
It only has an effect when using the “jump to layout by number” command. The
default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-generate-layout-names nil)Files-related settings
The below value sets the size in MB above which Spacemacs will prompt to open
the file literally in order to avoid preformance issues. Opening a file
literally means that no major or minor mode is active. The default value is
1.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-large-file-size 5)This variable sets the location where to auto-save files. Possible values are:
-
original - auto-saves files in-place
-
cache - auto-saves files in another file stored in the cache directory
-
nil - disables auto-saving.
The default value is cache.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-auto-save-file-location 'original)Emacs server
Emacs can be launched as a server if the following value is set to non-nil
and if one isn’t already running. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-enable-server nil)
You can also set a custom emacs server socket location. If the value is
nil, Emacs will use whatever the Emacs default is, otherwise a directory
path like "~/.emacs.d/server". It has no effect if
dotspacemacs-enable-server is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-server-socket-dir nil)
It is also possible to tell Emacs that the quit function should keep the
server open when quitting. The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-persistent-server t)Miscellaneous
This value changes the folding method of code blocks. The possible values are
either evil, the default value, or origami.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-folding-method 'evil)
If non-nil, smartparens-strict-mode will be enabled in programming modes.
The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-smartparens-strict-mode nil)
If non-nil, pressing the closing parenthesis ) key in insert mode passes
over any automatically added closing parenthesis, bracket, quote, etc… This
can temporarily disabled by pressing C-q before ). The default value is
nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-smart-closing-parenthesis nil)List of search tool executable names. Spacemacs uses the first installed tool of the list. Supported tools are:
rgagptackgrep
The default value is '("rg" "ag" "pt" "ack" "grep").
(setq-default dotspacemacs-search-tools '("rg" "ag" "pt" "ack" "grep"))Delete whitespace while saving buffer. Possible values are:
-
all - aggresively delete empty lines and long sequences of whitespace
-
trailing - only detele the whitespace at end of lines
-
changed - to delete only whitespace for changed lines
-
nil - disable cleanup
The default value is nil.
(setq-default dotspacemacs-whitespace-cleanup nil)User Initialization
While Emacs and especially Spacemacs loads, I want it to initialize some elements and load some packages. First of all, I want it to load my private Emacs config file:
(load "~/.emacs.d/private/private_emacs.el")Then, I want a couple of requires:
(require 'org-id)
(require 'package)
(require 'ox-latex)
(require 'ox-publish)
I also want to load what’s in icons-in-terminal so I can use them in various
packages in Emacs:
(add-to-list 'load-path "~/.local/share/icons-in-terminal/")I would also like to enable the setup of flycheck for Rust when Flycheck is loaded:
(add-hook 'flycheck-mode-hook #'flycheck-rust-setup)By default, Flyspell should be disabled and only enabled manually.
(flyspell-mode 0)Finally, here is a quick workaround for Tramp, sometimes it cannot connect to my hosts if I don’t have this code snippet.
(setq tramp-ssh-controlmaster-options
"-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath='tramp.%%C' -o ControlPersist=no")User Configuration
ASM configuration
The first thing I will set with my ASM configuration is where the reference PDF is located.
(setq x86-lookup-pdf "~/Documents/code/asm/Intelx86/325383-sdm-vol-2abcd.pdf")I will also modify what the comment character is, from a ; to a #:
(setq asm-comment-char ?\#)C/C++
As the C/C++ syntax is checked by flycheck, let’s make sure we are using the latest standard available, that is C++17 and C17, from Clang.
(add-hook 'c-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(setq flycheck-clang-language-standard "c17")))
(add-hook 'c++-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(setq flycheck-clang-language-standard "c++17")))Custom functions
In this section, I will put my various custom functions that do not fit in other sections and which are more oriented towards general usage throughout Emacs and in Elisp code.
Almost all of my code snippets will be prefixed by either my name or the name of the package or layer they are part of, unless they are an explicit overwrite of a function that already exists.
phundrak/fill-paragraph
This function was created in order to bind to another keyboard shortcut the
already existing C-u M-q which I cannot type with evil-mode unless I’m in
insert mode.
(defun phundrak/fill-paragraph ()
(interactive)
(let* ((current-prefix-arg 4))
(call-interactively 'fill-paragraph)))
terminal-here-default-terminal-command
This function is actually an overwrite of the default one which apparently
does not work on my machine. This function is called by
terminal-here-launch and spawns an external terminal emulator in the
directory emacs was in when the terminal was invoked. I simply point out to
this function the name of my terminal emulator. Here is the code:
(defun terminal-here-default-terminal-command (_dir)
'("st"))Dart configuration
For Dart, I mainly declared some custom shortcuts bound to dart-mode
related to flutter, so nothing too exciting here. Some prefix are declared in
order to avoid the shortcuts in helm to show up as just custom.
(spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "o" "user-defined")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "of" "flutter")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix-for-mode 'dart-mode "ofr" "flutter-run")Now, for the shortcuts themselves:
(spacemacs/set-leader-keys-for-major-mode 'dart-mode
"ofH" 'flutter-hot-restart
"ofh" 'flutter-hot-reload
"ofq" 'flutter-quit
"ofr" (lambda () (interactive) (flutter-run "-v"))
"ofs" 'flutter-screenshot)Dired
When it comes to dired, I chose do modify some elements on how things are sorted and shown, but there isn’t much configuration. First, I want to always copy folders in a recursive way, no questions asked.
(setq dired-recursive-copies 'always)Also, when I have two Dired buffers opened side by side, I generally want them to interact, for example if I want to move something around. So, let’s tell Emacs that:
(setq dired-dwim-target t)Finally, let’s tell Dired how to sort the elements to be displayed: directories first, non-hidden first.
(setq dired-listing-switches "-ahl --group-directories-first")
By the way, let’s enable org-download when we are in a Dired buffer:
(add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'org-download-enable)Emacs Lisp
Here will be stored my configuration directly related to Emacs Lisp, including some functions or default modes.
Enable eldoc-mode by default
By default, if some Elisp code is opened, I want to enable eldoc-mode so I
can easily get some documentation on the symbols in the source code. This is
done via the use of hooks.
(add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'eldoc-mode)
phundrak/write-to-buffer
I was very surprised when I discovered no such function exists in Elisp. This function basically writes a string into a buffer, and optionally switches the user to the buffer. Here is the code for that function:
(defun write-to-buffer (input-string outputbuf &optional switchbuf)
"Writes `input-string' to the specified `output-buffer'. If
`switch-buffer' is non-nil, the active buffer will switch to the
output buffer; otherwise, it will take the user back to their
initial buffer. Works with `input-string' as a string or a list
of strings."
(let ((oldbuf (current-buffer)))
(switch-to-buffer outputbuf)
(cond ((char-or-string-p input-string) (insert input-string))
((listp input-string) (dolist (elem input-string)
(insert (format "%s\n" elem)))))
(if switchbuf
(switch-to-buffer oldbuf))))Eshell
Eshell is a built-in shell available from Emacs which I use almost as often as Fish. Some adjustments are necessary for making this shell usable for me.
Environment variables
Some environment variables need to be correctly set so Eshell can correctly
work. The first environment variable to be set is the PATH, as I have a
couple of directories where executables are located. Let’s add them to our
path.
(setenv "PATH"
(concat
(getenv "HOME") "/.pub-cache/bin"
":" (getenv "HOME") "/.local/bin"
":" (getenv "HOME") "/go/bin"
":" (getenv "HOME") "/.cargo/bin"
":" (getenv "HOME") "/.gem/ruby/2.6.0/bin"
":" (getenv "PATH")))
I would also like to set two environment variables related to Dart
development: the DART_SDK and ANDROID_HOME variables.
(setenv "DART_SDK" "/opt/dart-sdk/bin")
(setenv "ANDROID_HOME" (concat (getenv "HOME") "/Android/Sdk/"))
Finally, I’d like to add a custom directory to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH:
(setenv "PKG_CONFIG_PATH" (concat
"/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/" ":"
(getenv "PKG_CONFIG_PATH")))Custom functions
When I’m in Eshell, sometimes I wish to open multiple files at once in
Emacs. For this, when I have several arguments for find-file, I want to be
able to open them all at once. Let’s modify find-file like so:
(defadvice find-file (around find-files activate)
"Also find all files within a list of files. This even works recursively."
(if (listp filename)
(loop for f in filename do (find-file f wildcards))
ad-do-it))
I also want to be able to have multiple instances of Eshell opened at once.
For that, I declared the function eshell-new that does exactly that.
(defun eshell-new()
"Open a new instance of eshell."
(interactive)
(eshell 'N))Aliases
Just like most shells, it is possible to declare in Eshell aliases. First, I
would like to be able to use open to open files in Emacs:
(defalias 'open 'find-file)
I also have openo which allows me to perform the same action, but in
another window:
(defalias 'openo 'find-file-other-window)
The function yes-or-no-p is also aliased to y-or-n-p so I only have to
answer by y or n instead of typing yes or no.
(defalias 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
For some ease of use, I’ll also declare list-buffers as an alias of
ibuffer.
(defalias 'list-buffers 'ibuffer)Visual commands
With Eshell, some commands don’t work very well, especially commands that create a TUI. So, let’s declare them as visual commands or subcommands:
(setq eshell-visual-commands
'("fish" "zsh" "bash" "tmux" "htop" "top" "vim" "bat" "nano")
eshell-visual-subcommands
'("git" "log" "l" "diff" "show"))Eshell theme
As with most shells, again, it is possible to customize the appearance of the Eshell prompt. First, we need to declare a macro so we can set a face with properties:
(defmacro with-face (str &rest properties)
`(propertize ,str 'face (list ,@properties)))
Now, let’s declare a function that will abbreviate the current pwd
fish-shell style.
(defun eshell/abbr-pwd ()
(let ((home (getenv "HOME"))
(path (eshell/pwd)))
(cond
((string-equal home path) "~")
((f-ancestor-of? home path) (concat "~/" (f-relative path home)))
(path))))Now, let’s declare our prompt:
(defun eshell/my-prompt ()
(let ((header-bg "#161616"))
(concat
(with-face (eshell/abbr-pwd) :foreground "#008700")
"\n"
(if (= (user-uid) 0)
(with-face "➜" :foreground "red")
(with-face "➜" :foreground "#2345ba"))
" ")))Now, let’s declare our prompt regexp and our prompt functions:
(setq eshell-prompt-regexp "^[^#$\n]*[#$] "
eshell-prompt-function 'eshell/my-prompt)Finally, let’s declare the theme of our shell:
(eshell-git-prompt-use-theme 'powerline)File extensions
Sometimes, Emacs doesn’t recognize or misrecognizes some extensions, resulting in a wrong mode set for said file. Let’s fix that by associating the extension with the desired mode:
(dolist (e '(("xml" . web-mode)
("xinp" . web-mode)
("aiml" . web-mode)
("C" . c++-mode)
("dconf" . conf-mode)
("yy" . bison-mode)
("ll" . flex-mode)
("s" . asm-mode)
("pl" . prolog-mode)
("l" . scheme-mode)
("vs" . glsl-mode)
("fs" . glsl-mode)))
(push (cons (concat "\\."
(car e)
"\\'") (cdr e))
auto-mode-alist))
We also have a couple of extensions which should all be in conf-unix-mode,
let’s indicate that to Emacs:
(dolist (e '("service" "timer" "target" "mount" "automount"
"slice" "socket" "path" "netdev" "network"
"link"))
(push (cons (concat "\\." e "\\'") 'conf-unix-mode)
auto-mode-alist))Gnus
Here comes my Gnus configuration. Gnus is an email client I use daily to read, manage, answer to and forward messages I receive by email.
Shortcuts
Some shortcuts needed to be redefined in order for Evil to work well with Gnus. Here is first the declaration of a prefix:
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "og" "gnus")And here are said shortcuts. As described above in the shortcuts chapter,
these Spacemacs shortcuts are invoked with the SPC leader key.
(spacemacs/set-leader-keys
"ogD" 'turn-on-gnus-dired-mode
"ogd" 'gnus-summary-delete-article
"ogf" 'gnus-summary-mail-forward
"ogo" 'my-gnus-group-list-subscribed-groups
"ogr" 'gnus-summary-insert-new-articles
"ogs" 'message-send-and-exit)Hooks
To sort by topics my different mailboxes and folders, I use the
gnus-topic-mode minor mode. To get it active by default, I use the
following hook to activate it:
(add-hook 'gnus-group-mode-hook 'gnus-topic-mode)Mail account configuration
This section will be tangled in ~/.gnus.el.
I only use one email account with Gnus: lucien@phundrak.com. Here is how I
configured it:
(setq gnus-secondary-select-methods '((nnimap "lucien@phundrak.com"
(nnimap-address "mail.phundrak.com")
(nnimap-server-port 143)
(nnimap-stream starttls)))
message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it
smtpmail-smtp-server "mail.phundrak.com"
smtpmail-stream-type 'starttls
smtpmail-smtp-service 587
gnus-message-archive-method '(nnimap "mail.phundrak.com")
gnus-message-archive-group "Sent"
nnml-directory "~/Mails"
message-directory "~/Mails"
gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some
mm-discouraged-alternatives '("text/html" "text/richtext"))General options
This section will be tangled in ~/.gnus.el.
I want to use at one point the Emacs Application Framework which is set to be able one day to render Gnus emails, but for now I am using w3m to render HTML emails I receive.
(setq mm-text-html-renderer 'w3m)I also want Gnus to use the cache in case I need to navigate my emails offline:
(setq gnus-use-cache t)Let’s set a quick organization of the Gnus folders, the format in which sent messages should be saved, and the typology of Gnus’ topics:
(eval-after-load 'gnus-topic
'(progn
(setq gnus-message-archive-group '((format-time-string "sent.%Y")))
(setq gnus-topic-topology '(("Gnus" visible)
(("lucien@phundrak.com" visible nil nil))))
(setq gnus-topic-alist '(("lucien@phundrak.com" ; the key of the topic
"nnimap+lucien@phundrak.com:INBOX"
"nnimap+lucien@phundrak.com:Sent"
"nnimap+lucien@phundrak.com:Drafts")
("Gnus")))))Visual configuration
This section will be tangled in ~/.gnus.el.
I get it that it used to be a good option with 4/3 screens, but frankly opening an email at the bottom of the frame instead of the side of the frame does not look good anymore. So, let’s fix that:
(gnus-add-configuration
'(article (horizontal 1.0 (summary .4 point) (article 1.0))))LSP
When it comes to the LSP layer, there are some options which are not enabled
by default that I want to use, especially some modes I want to take advantage
of. This is why I enable first the lsp-treemacs-sync-mode so treemacs is
LSP aware:
(lsp-treemacs-sync-mode 1)
I also enable some layers related to dap, the Debug Adapter Protocol, which
works really nicely with LSP. Let’s enable Dap’s modes:
(dap-mode 1)
(dap-ui-mode 1)
(dap-tooltip-mode 1)Finally, I also want the documentation tooltip to show up when the cursor is above a documented piece of code or symbol. Let’s enable that too:
(tooltip-mode 1)Miscellaneous
I have a lot of variables that need to be set but don’t fall in any other category, so I’ll collect them here.
I have this regexp for detecting paragraphs.
(setq paragraph-start "\f\\|[ \t]*$\\|[ \t]*[-+*] ")Evil
As a user of Evil, I’m sometimes pissed when I accidentally press C-u and
it gets me to the top of the document. So, let’s disable it:
(setq evil-want-C-u-scroll nil)Default modes
Some buffers sometimes won’t have a default mode at all, such as the
*scratch* buffer. In any vanilla configuration, they will then default to
text-mode. I personally prefer org-mode to be my default mode, so let’s
set it so!
(setq edit-server-default-major-mode 'org-mode)I also want to have by default some aggressive indentation in my source files. Let’s enable that:
(global-aggressive-indent-mode 1)However, I do not wish to see it activated for Dart mode, so let’s exclude it:
(add-to-list 'aggressive-indent-excluded-modes 'dart-mode)Hooks
I also have some hooks I use for enabling some major and minor modes. The first one here allows the execution of the deletion of trailing space each time I save a file.
(add-hook 'before-save-hook 'delete-trailing-whitespace)
I also want to always be in visual-line-mode so Emacs soft-wraps lines
that are too long for the buffer they are displayed in.
(add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'visual-line-mode)
I also want for some non-programming modes to enable a hard-limit in terms
of how many characters can fit on one line. The modes that benefit from that
are message-mode, org-mode, text-mode and markdown-mode.
(mapc (lambda (x)
(add-hook x 'auto-fill-mode)
(add-hook x 'visual-line-mode))
'(message-mode-hook
org-mode-hook
text-mode-hook
markdown-mode-hook))Pinentry
Pinentry should use the loopback mode when communicating with GnuPG. Let’s
set it so:
(setq epa-pinentry-mode 'loopback)Prettified symbols
Just because it is pleasing to the eye, some symbols in source code get prettified into simpler symbols. Here is the list of symbols that are to be prettified. You can see in the corresponding comment what symbol will be displayed.
(setq prettify-symbols-alist '(("lambda" . 955) ; λ
("->" . 8594) ; →
("<->" . 8596) ; ↔
("<-" . 8592) ; ←
("=>" . 8658) ; ⇒
("<=>" . 8860) ; ⇔
("<=" . 8656) ; ⇐
("mapc" . 8614) ; ↦
("map" . 8614) ; ↦
(">>" . 187) ; »
("<<" . 171) ; «
))Twittering mode
For twittering-mode, a Twitter major mode for Emacs, I want to encrypt my
data using a master password, which I do thanks to this option:
(setq twittering-use-master-password t)Wttr.in cities
Thanks to the wttrin package, I can get the weather forecast in Emacs for a couple of cities. I just need to specify them to Emacs like so:
(setq wttrin-default-cities '("Aubervilliers" "Paris" "Lyon" "Nonières"
"Saint Agrève"))Nov-mode
nov-mode is the mode used in the Epub reader. Here I will write a little
function that I will call through a hook each time I’m opening a new EPUB
file.
(defun my-nov-font-setup ()
(face-remap-add-relative 'variable-pitch :family "Charis SIL"
:size 16
:height 1.0))Let’s bind this function to the nov-mode hook. By the way, we’ll also
enable the visual-line-mode here, just in case.
(mapc (lambda (mode)
(add-hook 'nov-mode-hook mode))
'('my-nov-font-setup 'visual-line-mode))Let’s also set the maximum length of the lines in nov-mode:
(setq nov-text-width 80)Python
Emacs throws me an error about the python interpreter, let’s silence it:
(setq python-shell-completion-native-disabled-interpreters '("python"))Org-mode
Org-mode is probably one of the best if not the best Emacs feature I have ever discovered. It is awesome for writing documents, regardless of the format you need it to be exported to, for agenda management, and for literary programming, such as with this document.
(with-eval-after-load 'org
;; configuration goes here
)Custom org-mode functions
We begin with a couple of custom functions that I use in my org-mode files.
Custom and unique headings ID
The first ones are dedicated to provide org-mode headings a fixed and unique ID that won’t change over time. This code was taken from https://writequit.org/articles/emacs-org-mode-generate-ids.html. The first function’s job is to create these unique IDs
(defun eos/org-id-new (&optional prefix)
"Create a new globally unique ID.
An ID consists of two parts separated by a colon:
- a prefix
- a unique part that will be created according to
`org-id-method'.
PREFIX can specify the prefix, the default is given by the
variable `org-id-prefix'. However, if PREFIX is the symbol
`none', don't use any prefix even if `org-id-prefix' specifies
one.
So a typical ID could look like \"Org-4nd91V40HI\"."
(let* ((prefix (if (eq prefix 'none)
""
(concat (or prefix org-id-prefix)
"-"))) unique)
(if (equal prefix "-")
(setq prefix ""))
(cond
((memq org-id-method
'(uuidgen uuid))
(setq unique (org-trim (shell-command-to-string org-id-uuid-program)))
(unless (org-uuidgen-p unique)
(setq unique (org-id-uuid))))
((eq org-id-method 'org)
(let* ((etime (org-reverse-string (org-id-time-to-b36)))
(postfix (if org-id-include-domain
(progn
(require 'message)
(concat "@"
(message-make-fqdn))))))
(setq unique (concat etime postfix))))
(t (error "Invalid `org-id-method'")))
(concat prefix unique)))Now, let’s see the function that will be used to get the custom id of a heading at point. If the function does not detect any custom ID, then one should be created and inserted.
(defun eos/org-custom-id-get (&optional pom create prefix)
"Get the CUSTOM_ID property of the entry at point-or-marker POM.
If POM is nil, refer to the entry at point. If the entry does
not have an CUSTOM_ID, the function returns nil. However, when
CREATE is non nil, create a CUSTOM_ID if none is present
already. PREFIX will be passed through to `eos/org-id-new'. In
any case, the CUSTOM_ID of the entry is returned."
(interactive)
(org-with-point-at pom
(let ((id (org-entry-get nil "CUSTOM_ID")))
(cond
((and id
(stringp id)
(string-match "\\S-" id)) id)
(create (setq id (eos/org-id-new (concat prefix "h")))
(org-entry-put pom "CUSTOM_ID" id)
(org-id-add-location id
(buffer-file-name (buffer-base-buffer)))
id)))))
Finally, this is the function that gets called on file saves. If the
function detects auto-id:t among the org options in the #+OPTIONS:
header, then the above function is called.
(defun eos/org-add-ids-to-headlines-in-file ()
"Add CUSTOM_ID properties to all headlines in the current
file which do not already have one. Only adds ids if the
`auto-id' option is set to `t' in the file somewhere. ie,
,#+OPTIONS: auto-id:t"
(interactive)
(save-excursion
(widen)
(goto-char (point-min))
(when (re-search-forward "^#\\+OPTIONS:.*auto-id:t"
(point-max)
t)
(org-map-entries (lambda ()
(eos/org-custom-id-get (point)
'create))))))Let’s add a hook to the above function so it is called automatically on save, and only in read-write functions.
(add-hook 'org-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(add-hook 'before-save-hook
(lambda ()
(when (and (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
(eq buffer-read-only nil))
(eos/org-add-ids-to-headlines-in-file))))))Org babel languages
One of the amazing features of org-mode is its literary programming capacities by running code blocks from within Org-mode itself. But for that, only a couple of languages are supported directly by Org-mode itself, and they need to be activated. Here are the languages I activated in my Org-mode configuration:
(org-babel-do-load-languages
'org-babel-load-languages
'((C . t)
(dot . t)
(emacs-lisp . t)
(gnuplot . t)
(latex . t)
(makefile . t)
(python . t)
(R . t)
(sass . t)
(scheme . t)
(shell . t)))Scheme requires a default implementation for geiser:
(setq geiser-default-implementation 'racket)By the way, I wish to see source code behave the same way in the source blocks as in their own major mode. Let’s tell Emacs so:
(setq org-src-tab-acts-natively t)Org variables
User information
Some variables about myself need to be set so Org-mode knows what information to include in exported files.
(setq user-full-name "Lucien Cartier-Tilet"
user-real-login-name "Lucien Cartier-Tilet"
user-login-name "phundrak"
user-mail-address "lucien@phundrak.com")Visual settings
Visually, I prefer to hide the markers of macros, so let’s do that:
(setq org-hide-macro-markers t)Org behavior
Here is one behavior that I really want to see modified: the ability to use
M-RET without slicing the text the marker is on.
(setq org-M-RET-may-split-line nil)I also have added a couple of custom structure templates for Org mode (>= 9.3), mainly for source code blocks.
(add-to-list 'org-structure-template-alist '("L" . "src emacs-lisp"))
Since Org 9.3, Org no longer attempts to restore the window configuration
in the frame to which the user returns after editing a source block with
org-edit-src-code. This means with the original value of
org-src-window-setup (reorganize-frame), the current frame will be
split in two between the original org window and the source window, and
then only the org window will remain once we quit the source window. This
is not a desired behavior for me, so I chose to set this variable to
other-window in order to keep my windows organization.
(setq org-src-window-setup 'other-window)Miscellaneous
When creating a link to an Org flie, I want to create an ID only if the link is created interactively, and only if there is no custom ID already created.
(setq org-id-link-to-org-use-id 'create-if-interactive-and-no-custom-id)Org files exports
When it comes to exports, I want the LaTeX and PDF exports to be done with XeLaTeX only. This implies the modification of the following variable:
(setq org-latex-compiler "xelatex")
I also want to get by default minted for LaTeX listings so I can have
syntax highlights:
(setq org-latex-listings 'minted)
The default packages break my LaTeX exports: for some reasons, images are
not loaded and exported in PDFs, so I needed to redifine the default
packages excluding the one that broke my exports. I also added two default
packages, minted and xeCJK for syntax highlighting and Japanese (and
additionally Chinese and Korean) support.
(setq org-latex-default-packages-alist '(("" "graphicx" t)
("T1" "fontspec" t ("pdflatex"))
("" "longtable" nil)
("" "wrapfig" nil)
("" "rotating" nil)
("normalem" "ulem" t)
("" "amsmath" t)
("" "textcomp" t)
("" "amssymb" t)
("" "capt-of" nil)
("" "minted" nil)
("" "xeCJK" nil)
("" "hyperref" nil)))By the way, reference links in LaTeX should be written in this format:
(setq org-export-latex-hyperref-format "\\ref{%s}")When it comes to the export itself, the latex file needs to be processed several times through XeLaTeX.
(setq org-latex-pdf-process
'("xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"
"xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"
"xelatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %f"))For Reveal.JS exports, I need to set where to find the framework by default:
(setq org-reveal-root "file:///home/phundrak/fromGIT/reveal.js")
I also want to disable by default behavior of ^ and _ for only one
character, making it compulsory to use instead ^{} and _{} respectively.
This is due to my frequent usage of the underscore in my org files as a
regular character and not a markup one. So, let’s disable it:
(setq org-use-sub-superscripts (quote {}))On HTML exports, Org-mode tries to include a validation link for the exported HTML. Let’s disable that since I never use it.
(setq org-html-validation-link nil)Custom LaTeX formats
I currently have two custom formats for my Org-mode exports: one for general
use (initialy for my conlanging files, hence its conlang name), and one
for beamer exports.
Below is the declaration of the conlang LaTeX class:
'("conlang"
"\\documentclass{book}"
("\\chapter{%s}" . "\\chapter*{%s}")
("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}"))
And here is the declaration of the beamer class:
`("beamer"
,(concat "\\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}\n"
"[DEFAULT-PACKAGES]"
"[PACKAGES]"
"[EXTRA]\n")
("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}"))
Both these classes have to be added to org-latex-classes like so:
(eval-after-load "ox-latex"
;; update the list of LaTeX classes and associated header (encoding, etc.)
;; and structure
'(add-to-list 'org-latex-classes
<<org-latex-class-conlang>>
<<org-latex-class-beamer>>
))Org agenda
One awesome feature of Org mode is the agenda. By default, my agendas are
stored in ~/org/agenda.
(setq org-agenda-files (list "~/org/agenda"))
I also have a custom command in Org agenda to mark some tasks as daily
tasks, with the :DAILY: tag:
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands '(("h" "Daily habits"
((agenda ""))
((org-agenda-show-log t)
(org-agenda-ndays 7)
(org-agenda-log-mode-items '(state))
(org-agenda-skip-function
'(org-agenda-skip-entry-if 'notregexp
":DAILY:"))))))By the way, let’s also add all TODO.org files in Org-agenda with Org-projectile:
(with-eval-after-load 'org-agenda
(require 'org-projectile)
(mapcar #'(lambda (file)
(when (file-exists-p file)
(push file org-agenda-files)))
(org-projectile-todo-files)))Org journal
I also occasionally use Org journal. All my files are stored in
~/org/journal, as set below:
(setq org-journal-dir "~/org/journal/")The default prefix for org journals is the following:
(setq org-journal-date-prefix "#+TITLE: ")The timestamp will be set following the ISO 8601 format:
(setq org-journal-file-format "%Y-%m-%d")Org projects
Another great features of Org-mode is the Org projects that allow the user to easily publish a bunch of org files to a remote location. Here is the current declaration of my projects, which will be detailed later:
(setq org-publish-project-alist
'(
<<org-proj-config-html>>
<<org-proj-config-static>>
<<org-proj-config>>
<<org-proj-lang-html>>
<<org-proj-lang-pdf>>
<<org-proj-lang-static>>
<<org-proj-lang>>))Configuration website
("config-website-org"
:base-directory "~/org/config/"
:base-extension "org"
:exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
:publishing-directory "/ssh:Naro:~/www/phundrak.com/www/config"
:recursive t
:language "fr"
:publishing-function org-html-publish-to-html
:headline-levels 5
:auto-preamble t)And lastly, we have the component for all the static files needed to run the website:
("config-website-static"
:base-directory "~/org/config/"
:base-extension "css\\|scss\\|dart\\|js\\|png\\|jpg\\|gif\\|svg\\|jpeg\\|ttf\\|woff\\|txt\\|epub\\|md"
:publishing-directory "/ssh:Naro:~/www/phundrak.com/www/config"
:recursive t
:language "fr"
:publishing-function org-publish-attachment)The project is then defined like so:
("config-website"
:components ("config-website-org"
"config-website-static"))Linguistics website
In my case, I only have my linguistics website, made out of three projects. The first component is the one generating the HTML files from the org files.
("langue-phundrak-com-org"
:base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/web/"
:base-extension "org"
:exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|README\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
:publishing-directory "/ssh:Naro:~/www/phundrak.com/langue-phundrak-com/web"
:recursive t
:language "fr"
:publishing-function org-html-publish-to-html
:headline-levels 5
:auto-sitemap t
:auto-preamble t)We also have the component for the LaTeX and PDF part of the website:
("langue-phundrak-com-pdf"
:base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/web/"
:base-extension "org"
:exclude "\\./\\(CONTRIB\\|README\\|index\\|head\\|temp\\|svg-ink\\).*"
:publishing-directory "/ssh:Naro:~/www/phundrak.com/langue-phundrak-com/web"
:recursive t
:language "fr"
:publishing-function org-latex-publish-to-pdf
:headline-levels 5
:auto-preamble t)And lastly, we have the component for all the static files needed to run the website:
("langue-phundrak-com-static"
:base-directory "~/Documents/conlanging/web/"
:base-extension "css\\|scss\\|dart\\|js\\|png\\|jpg\\|gif\\|svg\\|jpeg\\|ttf\\|woff\\|txt\\|epub"
:publishing-directory "/ssh:Naro:~/www/phundrak.com/langue-phundrak-com/web"
:recursive t
:language "fr"
:publishing-function org-publish-attachment)The project is then defined like so:
("langue-phundrak-com"
:components ("langue-phundrak-com-org"
"langue-phundrak-com-static"
"langue-phundrak-com-pdf"))Rust
The first thing I need to set for my Rust setup is the path to racer.
(setq racer-cmd "~/.cargo/bin/racer")Now, I also need to point to racer where the source code of Rust is located so I can get some documentation.
(setq racer-rust-src-path "~/.rustup/toolchains/nightly-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/src/rust/src")
Finally, I wish to enable electric-pair-mode and indent-guide-mode for
Rust files, so let’s enable that through the use of a hook:
(add-hook 'rust-mode-hook
'(lambda ()
(local-set-key (kbd "TAB") #'company-indent-or-complete-common)
(electric-pair-mode 1)
(indent-guide-mode 1)))Scheme
The Scheme configuration will be very short, I just need to tell Emacs the name of the interpreter since it is not the default one:
(setq geiser-chicken-binary "chicken-csi")Shortcuts
As you will see, I defined A LOT of custom shortcuts. First, I have some shortcuts defined the vanilla Emacs way:
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-b") 'ibuffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "S-C-<left>") 'shrink-window-horizontally)
(global-set-key (kbd "S-C-<right>") 'enlarge-window-horizontally)
(global-set-key (kbd "S-C-<down>") 'shrink-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "S-C-<up>") 'enlarge-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x <up>") 'windmove-up)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x <down>") 'windmove-down)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x <right>") 'windmove-right)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x <left>") 'windmove-left)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-<prior>") 'previous-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-<next>") 'next-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-»") 'end-of-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-«") 'beginning-of-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "<XF86HomePage>") 'spacemacs/home)
(global-set-key (kbd "<XF86Open>") 'helm-find-files)
(global-set-key (kbd "<XF86Close>") 'kill-this-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "<XF86Save>") 'save-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "<C-tab>") 'evil-close-fold)
(global-set-key (kbd "<S-C-tab>") 'evil-close-folds)
(global-set-key (kbd "<C-iso-lefttab>") 'evil-open-fold)These shortcuts can be called as-is, that is, typing C-x C-b will call
ibuffer.
Now, I also have some Spacemacs shortcuts, defined in a way they can be used
seamlessly with Evil. First, let’s declare some prefixes in order to avoid
seeing lots of custom in helm:
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "o" "custom")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oa" "applications")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oB" "byte-compile .emacs.d")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oc" "comments")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "of" "files")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofb" "bin.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofe" "spacemacs.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "off" "fish.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofi" "i3.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofI" "index.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofp" "polybar.org")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ofr" "yadm README")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oi" "insert")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oii" "invisible space")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "om" "multiple-cursors")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oo" "org-mode")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ooi" "custom IDs")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oos" "structure")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oot" "tables")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oott" "toggle width")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oote" "expand")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "oots" "shrink")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "or" "external command")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ot" "toggle")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ow" "writeroom")
(spacemacs/declare-prefix "ox" "text")Now, onto the shortcuts:
(spacemacs/set-leader-keys
"oac" 'calc
"oaC" 'calendar
"oae" 'eww
"oaw" 'wttrin
"oB" (lambda () (byte-recompile-directory (expand-file-name "~/.emacs.d") 0))
"ob" 'fancy-battery-mode
"occ" 'outorg-copy-edits-and-exit
"oce" 'outorg-edit-as-org
"oco" 'outline-minor-mode
"od" 'elcord-mode
"oF" 'flycheck-mode
"ofb" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/bin.org"))
"ofe" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/spacemacs.org"))
"off" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/fish.org"))
"ofi" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/i3.org"))
"ofI" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/index.org"))
"ofp" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/org/config/polybar.org"))
"ofr" (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/README.org"))
"ofo" 'find-file-at-point
"oii" (lambda () (interactive) (insert ""))
"ome" 'mc/edit-lines
"omn" 'mc/mark-next-like-this
"omp" 'mc/mark-previous-like-this
"oma" 'mc/mark-all-like-this
"ooi" 'eos/org-add-ids-to-headlines-in-file
"oos" 'org-insert-structure-template
"ooT" 'org-sidebar-tree
"oott" 'org-table-toggle-column-width
"oote" 'org-table-expand
"oots" 'org-table-shrink
"oow" 'org-pomodoro
"owi" 'writeroom-increase-width
"or" 'helm-run-external-command
"os" 'prettify-symbols-mode
"oti" 'toggle-input-method
"otI" 'set-input-method
"owd" 'writeroom-decrease-width
"oxf" 'phundrak/fill-paragraph)
You can notice they all begin with o. This is actually a userspace, and I
know these shortcuts won’t conflict with any other packages. These shortcuts,
like a lot of Spacemacs shortcuts, can be called with the use of the leader
key, in my case SPC. So, if I want to call the calculator, I will type SPC
o a c.