diff --git a/docs/eittlandic/country.org b/docs/eittlandic/country.org index c824e28..0f9fea1 100644 --- a/docs/eittlandic/country.org +++ b/docs/eittlandic/country.org @@ -2,805 +2,6 @@ #+setupfile: ../headers * The Country of Eittland -** Eittlandic Geography -Eittland is an active volcanic island. In its centre we can find the -most active volcanoes, surrounded by glaciers and some regular -mountains. It is surrounded by some taiga, taiga plains covered mainly -by ashen pines (/pinus fraxinus/), and a large cold desert covering most -of the centre of the island and its northern eastern part. Outside -this largely unpopulated region, Eastern Eittland mainly consists of -grasslands with some temperate rainforests on its southern shores as -well as some occasional wetland and marshes. On the other hand, -Western Eittland has a lot more temperate deciduous forests, temperate -rainforests and some more wetlands and marshes still. Three small cold -deserts spawn in Western Eittland, including one north-east of -Đeberget not far from the city. More details can be found in the map -below. Overall, the southern and western parts of Eittland can be -compared to Scotland in terms of temperatures, or a warmer Iceland. +This page was moved to [[https://wiki.phundrak.com/s/eittland][its dedicated wiki]]. -#+html: Biomes of the Eittlandic Island - -Eastern Eittland is also recognizable by its great amount of flat -shorelines, especially in its northern and eastern parts which are part -of the more recent paths of lava flows. On the other hand, its few -fjords and the numerous fjords found in the western part of the island -are characteristic of much older parts of Eittland. The Fjord -themselves were formed during the last ice age, while the smoother -shore lines formed since. Western Eittland also has two main bays -which are two very old caldera volcanoes. It is not known whether -they will be one day active again or not. - -** Culture -The Eittlandic people share a common basis for their culture which -remained rather conservative for much longer than the other Nordic -people due to its resistance towards Christianity conversion. The -number of people adhering to Norse beliefs remained very high through -the ages and only recently began declining, going from 93% of -Eittlanders declaring themselves follower of the Norse Faith in 1950 -to 68% in 2019. This decline is also due to either people converting -to a religion or due to the immigration boom from the last seventy -years, though the main reason is the decline in people identifying to -any faith at all --- the number of atheists went from only 2% of -Eittlanders in 1940 to 15% in 2019. The evolution of the religious -population is shown in the chart below, and a geographical -distribution of these in 2019 can be found in the map following the -chart --- note that only the main religion is shown in a particular -area and religions with fewer people in said area are not shown. You -can also see on said map the population repartition of Eittland. - -#+headers: :cache yes :exports none :eval no-export -#+begin_src gnuplot :file img/eittlandic/religions.png :var data=eittland-religions -set title "Religions in Eittland since 1950" -set title boxed offset 0,0 font ",15" -set key invert reverse Left outside - -set yrange [0:100] -set grid y -set ylabel "Percentage" - -set border 3 -set style data histograms -set style histogram rowstacked -set style fill solid border -1 -set boxwidth 1 - -plot data u 2:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Norse Faith', \ - data u 3:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Atheism', \ - data u 4:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Church of Eittland', \ - data u 5:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Christianity', \ - data u 6:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Buddhism', \ - data u 7:xticlabels(1) axis x1y1 title 'Other' -#+end_src - -#+html: Religious Evolution of Eittland Since 1900 - -#+html: Religious population of Eittland in 2019 - -There is also a regional cultural difference between Western, Eastern, -and Southern Eittland marked with some differences in traditions and -language. There is currently a nationalist movement in Southern -Eittland to create a new state within the Kingdom of Eittland. The -repartition of the different eittlandic cultures is shown in the map -below. -#+html: Cultural Map of Eittland - -Standard Eittlandic is a relatively young language, created in the -1960s by the government in order to create a standard dialect to -facilitate communications between Eittlanders and make learning the -language easier. Standard Eittlandic is now enforced as the /de facto/ -legal language of the High Kingdom of Eittland, used by its -government, schools, and universities, but the local dialects are -still widely spoken privately and in business which remains regional. -They still have a strong presence in popular media and are still -spoken by younger generations, however, a decline has been registered -since the 90s among young people living in cities, speaking more and -more in Standard Eittlandic instead. Dialects are also rarely used on -the internet outside private conversation. An estimate of 17% of -the Eittlandic population younger than 25 in 2017 do not speak any -dialectal Eittlandic outside of Standard Eittlandic, although only 2% -of them do not understand their family’s dialectal Eittlandic. -Standard Eittlandic also became the default dialect for Eittlandic -communities living outside Eittland --- in these communities the -inability of speaking other dialects rise to 61% while the ability to -understand them rises to 25% among Eittlanders younger than 25 in 2018 -and who still have Eittlandic as their mother tongue. - -It is estimated only 0.05% of people living in Eittland do not speak -any Eittlandic dialect, all of them being immigrants or children of -immigrants. It is therefore safe to say Eittlandic is still going -strong and does not face any risk of disappearing anytime soon, -although we might be at the start of the decline of the historical -dialects of Eittland in favour of Standard Eittlandic. - -In this document, you will see references to both Standard Eittlandic -and Modern Eittlandic. Although some people use the terms -interchangeably, they are not. /Standard Eittlandic/ refers to the -official dialect described above, while /Modern Eittlandic/ refers to -all modern dialects of Eittlandic. This document focuses on Modern -Eittlandic in general, and when details about specific dialects are -given, the name of said dialect will be shared. - -** Name of the Country -The origins of the name of Eittland are unclear, two main theories -exist regarding its etymology. - -The first theory says the root of the name of “Eittland” is the -accusative of /einn/ (Old Norse /one/, /alone/) and /land/ (Old Norse /country/, -/land/). This is due to how remote it seemed to the people who -discovered, before Iceland and Greenland were known. Hence, a possible -translation of “Eittland” can be /Lonely Land/. The term “Eittlandic” is -relatively transparent considering the term “Icelandic” for “Iceland” -and “Greenlandic” for “Greenland”. - -However, the second but least probable theory is the island is named -after /eitr/, a mythical poison from which the first Jøtunn Ymir was -created. Eittland’s waters near the volcanoes containing high amounts -of sulphur, a poison, could be what named the island. This association -with poison, as well as the association to the place where it was -found, /Ginnungagap/, could have acted as a deterrent to prevent people -outsiders from coming. - -This last theory’s first recorded mention is from the 18th century, -while the first theory appears to be much older, and therefore much -more likely. It is possible the latter was thought of as a way to -re-invigorate Eittland’s identity as a pagan country unlike its other -Nordic counterparts, maybe even as a fearsome country. - -Although the country is known as Eittland, the island itself bears a -few other names. Early records show the island being referred to as -/Vestrheim/ by early settlers, meaning /West Home/, and its inhabitants -being referred to as /Vestrheiming/ and /Vestrheimingjar/ (singular and -plural respectively). Around the same time, settlers living closer to -the mountains would also call the inner lands /Fjallheim/, meaning -/Mountain Home/, which stuck until now as a name for the Northwestern -peninsula of Eittland. Lastly, the name /Eldøy/, /Fire Island/, was used -to refer both to Eittland and Iceland due to their volcanic activity. -Nowadays, the name morphed into /Eldfjall/ to refer to the volcanic -cluster at the centre of the Island. - -** History -*** Early Eittlandic History (late 8th century - 14th century) -According to historical records, Eittland was first found in 763 by -Norwegian explorers. Its first settlement appeared in 782 on its -eastern shores with hopes of finding new farmland. The population grew -rapidly after the discovery of the southern shores, and in 915 -Eittland became self-governing with Ásmundr Úlfsonn declared the first -Eittlandic king. However, in order to avoid any unnecessary conflicts, -the new king swore allegiance to the Norwegian king Harald I -Halfdansson. Eittland thus became a vassal state to the Norwegian -crown while retaining autonomy from it, which was granted due to the -distance between the two countries. - -Shortly after however, the beginning of the Christianisation of the -Nordic countries and especially of Norway created a new immigration -boost in Eittland with Norsemen seeking a pagan land untouched by -Christian faith. In 935, a year after Haakon I Haraldsson became king -of Norway and began trying to introduce Christianity to its people, -the newly crowned king Áleifr I Ásmundson of Eittland adopted a new -law forbidding the Christian faith to be imported, promoted, and -practised in Eittland. This decision forever weakened the alliance -between the two countries and deteriorated their relationship. - -As more and more people in Eittland were moving to its western part -due to larger opportunities with its farmlands, king Áleifr I chose in -936 to move the capital of Eittland from Hylfjaltr to Đeberget and -split in half the country. He appointed his brother Steingrímr, later -known as Steingrímr I Áleifsbróðr, as his co-ruler and gave him -authority over Eastern Eittland while he kept ruling himself over -Western Eittland. This choice is due to the difficulty of going from -one side of the island to the other by land --- lava often flows from -volcanoes to the shores and destroy paths joining the two parts -together. This gave birth to the two states of the Kingdom of Đeberget -(also called the /Western Eittlandic Kingdom/) and the Kingdom of -Hylfjaltr (also called the /Eastern Eittlandic Kingdom/). More on that -in [[file:country.md#Political-Organization][Political Organization]]. - -*** Crusades and Independence (13th century - 1400) -As soon as the 13th century, and through the 14th century, the -Teutonic Order and the Livonian Order, backed by the Holy Roman -Empire, proposed crusades against Eittland to get rid of its Norse -faith. However, these never came to be due to the distance between -Eittland and mainland Europe, despite the papal authorizations in -1228, 1257, 1289, 1325, and 1367. - -In 1397, the creation of the Kalmar Union kicked a new crusade, this -time backed by the Union itself as well as the Teutonic Order --- Eric -of Pomerania aimed to unify his country both religiously by getting -rid of the Norse faith in Eittland and politically by getting rid of -its established monarchy. A contingent sailed to Eittland to submit -the island, however they were met with fierce resistance by the locals -on arrival. Estimates show that while some 2,400 Eittlandic people -died during this first invasion, most of the 3,000 men sent were -either killed or taken prisoners. - -In 1398, a new contingent of 12,000 men landed in Eittland. This time, -a much more prepared army of 14,000 men faced them on a battlefield -east of the eastern capital of Hyfjaltr. This resulted in an -Eittlandic victory, however the Monarch of Hylfjaltr Eiríkr IV -Ásgeirsbróðr lost his life during the battle. Coincidentally, the High -King Ásgeirr I Biœrgson died of unknown causes around the same time. -Historians still debate whether it is due to the ongoing conflict, and -if it is by whom. Theories range from poisoning by spies from the -Kalmar Union, to assassination by the next rulers, to a much more -simple, unknown health condition which coincided with the ongoing -events. - -During the same year, the Althing elected Arvid I Geirson as the new -High King who nominated his brother Havardr I Arvidsbróðr as the -Monarch of Hylfjaltr. While the previous monarchs took a more -defensive approach, they chose to become much more aggressive, -striving for independence. After demands were sent to the Kalmar -Union, Eittland began a series of raids on its territories, ranging -from Iceland to the Faroese Islands to even two raids in Norway and -Denmark. These raids only aimed trade and military ships but severely -handicapped the Union’s marine. - -On September 17th, 1400 High King Arvid I Geirson of Eittland and King -Erik of the Kalmar Union met in Reykjavík to sign the Treaty of -Reykjavík, during which the Kalmar Union recognized the independence -of Eittland and renounced its claims to the island. On the other hand, -Eittland ceded its Greenlandic colonies to the Kalmar Union. Both -parties agreed to end the hostilities towards one another. - -While the Union no longer launched any crusades against Eittland, the -Teutonic Order attempted to land again in 1407 with 4,000 men. -Although the Kingdom of Hylfjaltr took a devastating blow during the -initial days of the crusade, loosing well over 6,000 men, the invaders -were ultimately defeated thanks to reinforcement from the Kingdom of -Ðeberget. This marked the end of crusades in Eittland. - -*** The Absolute Monarchy (1400 - late 1700s) -Once independent, Eittland quickly became isolated among the European -nations due as it was perceived as a pagan nation by the rest of the -continent. For over a century, the country had to be almost entirely -self-sufficient. This lead to a more in-depth survey of the resources -of the land launched in 1421. Large quantities of iron were discovered -in 1432 in Western Eittland in the geologically older parts of the -island as well as copper and some gold. - -Unfortunately for the island, no coal deposit ever got found, the -islanders turned to charcoal instead. During the following century, an -important deforestation of Eittland took place until the royal decree -of 1542 was proclaimed in order to protect the forests. It ruled that -for each tree felled in the next hundred years, four shall be planted, -and only one once the period ended. The only exceptions were for -creating new pastures with the condition of the request being -submitted and accepted by the local Jarl and its government. - -The discovery of important marble deposits in the geologically more -recent parts of the island in 1512 was the event that reopened trades -with the continent. England was the first country to openly trade with -Eittland, swiftly followed by states from the Holy Roman Empire and -other protestant countries. The country became famous for its pure -white and green marble, which became its emblem. Walking in the -streets of major cities today, we can still see most of the monuments -and buildings from during that era made of marble. It is particularly -the case in Hylfjaltr, known by the nickname of “The White City” due -to the sheer amount of monuments made out of this material. - -It is around this time religious wars broke out in mainland Europe, -and war refugees coming at first from Scandinavia and soon enough from -all Northern and Western Europe came to Eittland to seek refuge. They -were accepted on the condition never to try and spread their religion -on the island with the risk of expulsion back to continental Europe. -At the time, the influx of refugees represented around one percent of -its total population, with about two thirds of it being protestants -and the rest Catholics. The local protestant population officially -founded in 1587 the Church of Eittland. - -You can find in the chart below a breakdown of the various countries -and regions religious refugees came from. Although Scandinavia was one -of the first regions to take refuge in Eittland, most refugees came -from the Holy Roman Empire and from France where religious wars were -particularly violent. It is estimated most of the Protestant -population of Eittland are mainly from French descent, while the Holy -Roman Empire and Scandinavian population came with mixes of Christians -and Protestants. On the other hand most, if not all, of the English -population was Christian. - -#+header: :exports none :eval no-export -#+header: :file img/eittlandic/religious-refugees.png :cache yes -#+begin_src gnuplot :var data=nationality-religious-refugees -set title "Country of Origin of Religious Refugees" -set title boxed offset 0,-3 font ",15" -set style fill solid border lt -1 -set style textbox opaque noborder -set boxwidth 1.0 absolute -unset key - -set yrange [0:45] -set grid y -set ylabel "Percentage" - -set border 3 -set style data histograms -set style histogram cluster gap 1 -set style fill solid border -1 -set boxwidth 0.9 -set xtic rotate by -45 scale 0 - -plot data u 2:xtic(1) -#+end_src - -#+html: Breakdown of the country or region of origin of religious refugees in the 1500s - -With the beginning of colonization of Northern America, Eittland -became a naval hotspot. Its position allowed ships to cut in half -their journey if necessary and replenish their supplies. England and -the Netherlands were the first countries to halt in Eittland for such -reasons, participating in an important economic boom in the early 16th -century on a national scale. France later joined this trade route -starting in 1619 when going to their colonies in modern-day Canada. - -On the 30th of March 1775, England demanded from Eittland a port to be -used as a military port as part of their war effort during the -American revolution. Eittland refused these demands, invoking a -neutrality concerning the ongoing conflict. In response, England sent -an ultimatum, asking the port of Vátrsteinn to be their military base. -On Eittland’s second refusal, England declared war and launched a land -invasion of the island. The general in charge of the invasion, Sir -Andrew Sapping, decided to avoid landing in fjords, judging it too -risky and prone to ambushes. Instead, English troops landed in the -flatlands west of Vátrsteinn. While Eittlandic troops were massing in -the nearby town of Vestrferðaróss, a volcano erupted into a -pyroclastic flow. The English landing site being on its path, half of -the invading English forces were immediately wiped out, and two thirds -of their vessels were badly damaged or destroyed. Immediately after -this, Sir Sapping surrendered to the Eittlandic troops which were -captured as prisoners of war. Due to this defeat and the sudden -reduction in available men and ships in the English army, the Treaty -of Hylfjaltr was signed on the 25 of May of the same year. While -England recognized its defeat, Eittland promised not to intervene on -any side in the current rebellion of the American colonies (which was -not the intent of Eittland in the first place). - -After the independence of the United States of America, Eittland not -only retained its status as a maritime hotspot but also boomed as one -between Northern America and Europe. Its ports of Kóparváll and -Tvinnár, near Ðeberget and Hylfjaltr respectively, became the two -major ports in Eittland, with Tvinnár generally favoured by ships -coming from Europe and Kóparváll favoured by ships coming from -Northern America. - -*** Industrial Revolution and Constitutional Monarchy (18th century) -By the beginning of the 18th century, Eittland begins to heavily -industrialize out of a need for larger and more effective ports, -requiring themselves lots of various machinery and base materials. -Mines in Western Eittland became much more active, extracting primary -resources such as iron, aluminium and other precious metals. - -Due to a lack of coal in the Eittlandic island, the country had to buy -it from other countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States -or modern-day Canada. Coal stayed the primary source of power in -Eittland for most of the century up to around the 1880s when Eittland -found deposits off its Eastern coast. Oil extraction remains to this -day a significant part of the Eittlandic economy, although in decline -due to the deposits progressively drying up. - -Industrial development mostly happened in Eastern Eittland due to its -flatter terrain compared to Western Eittland. Primary resources -extracted from Western Eittland were primarily brought to factories by -boat; although the country pushed towards building train tracks, the -eastern and western parts of the country remained separated due to the -frequent eruptions of the volcanoes in the central part of the island -cutting off any attempt to link the two regions. - -Fishing also developed as a significant activity in Eittland, most of -its products was sold within Eittland for its people and only a small -portion became available for international market. Nonetheless, -Eittlandic fish slowly built a reputation of quality and became sought -after by Northern American and Western European elites. In 1895, fish -and seafood exports represented 35.3% of Eittland’s exports. - -In 1826, the country underwent a change in its government, going from -an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. More details in -[[file:./country.md#constitutional-monarchy][Constitutional Monarchy]]. - -*** 20th Century, World Wars, and Europe -At the turn of the century, Eittland became an important hub of -commerce between Europe and Northern America with its two major ports, -Kóparvall and Tvinnár. - -**** Women’s right to vote -On August 22nd 1902, a bill written by the House of the People led by -the Labourer’s Party is ratified by the High King. It gives women the -right to vote in any election open to the Eittlandic people. On March -15th 1915, a second law written by the Labourer’s Party is ratified by -the High King, giving women the right to be elected at the House of -the People while noblewomen got the right to inherit the title of -Jarl, making them eligible to the House of the Land. Quickly after, -Kari Nialsdóttr became the first woman ever elected to the House of -the People during the general election of September 1905, while Ása -Sigríðsdóttr became the first woman to enter the House of the Land -in 1934. - -**** World War One -When World War I started, Eittland stated their neutrality regarding -the matter and continued business with any country willing to do so. -The only Eittlandic deaths recorded were three voluntary men of German -descent who went to mainland Europe in order to fight on Germany’s -side. Two of them died during the battle of the Somme while one died -of an unspecified illness. - -**** 1920s and 1930s -As it was largely unaffected by the Great War, Eittland became an -important economic partner of the European countries affected by the -war, especially in terms of reconstruction. This further cemented -Eittland’s place in European economics. However, the country became -affected by the Great Depression too. Some twenty thousand Eittlanders -left Eittland at the time, fifteen thousand of them went to the -United States while five thousands left for European countries such as -Norway, Germany, the UK, or France. To this day, Chicago (Michigan, -USA) is known for hosting the only significant Eittlandic population -outside Eittland, and second-generation Eittlandic immigrants -retained their Eittlandic nationality despite most of them never going -to Eittland. - -**** World War Two (1940-1944) -In the years leading up to World War Two, Nazi Germany spent great -efforts to develop a positive relationship with Eittland, mostly due -to their fascination for ancient Nordic culture and Eittland being the -only still pagan Nordic country. Eittland’s location would be also of -great strategic importance in the Atlantic with such a central place, -with the ability of acting as a relay between Northern America and -Europe, or as a base of operations allowing for a much greater range -of action. However, Eittland reaffirmed several times their will to -remain neutral in any conflict. After war broke out in mainland -Europe, the United Kingdom, fearing Eittland joining the Axis, offered -Eittland on January 23rd 1940 to join the Allies in order to not only -benefit themselves from Eittland’s geographical advantages, but also -avoid Germany to benefit from it. This proposal was once again -refused, yet again due to Eittland’s will of staying neutral. - -However, on April 3rd 1940, Germany launched a surprise naval invasion -of Eittland, landing South of Hylfjaltr. This triggered an immediate -military response from Eittland, fighting back as they could the -German army. On the same day, Eittland called for help and joined -almost immediately the Allies. Three days after the beginning of the -invasion, British troops and ships arrived in Eittland, attacking the -German army from the sea while Eittlanders attacked from land. The -last German soldier surrendered on April 14th, eleven days after the -beginning of the invasion. Eittland became then a base of operations -of the Allies in the Atlantic, strengthening their position against -German U-boats and other warships. - -Fearing a similar fate awaited Iceland, Eittland suggested to the -United Kingdom a preemptive occupation of the country by themselves. -Thus, on May 10th 1940, the British and Eittlandic navies invaded -Iceland, violating their neutrality. However, aside from diplomacy, -this went without any incident, and while the British army left -Iceland a year later, the Eittlandic army stayed for protection of the -country. - -Eittlandic ports played an important part in bringing US warships and -war material to Europe, especially in the months leading up to D-Day -and the different landings in the Mediterranean Sea. - -**** Eittland-Iceland Alliance (1948 - present) -When the war ended in Europe and Iceland gained its independence, a -referendum was held in both Eittland and Iceland on January 10th 1946 -regarding the potential unification of the two countries, as both were -already close to one another both geographically and culturally. This -however never came to pass. In Iceland, 54% of voters voted against -the unification, while 64% of Eittlandic voters also answered “no”. - -The two countries still entered a close alliance in February 1948, -Iceland relying on Eittland for military protection while an economic -alliance was made between both of them. While it evolved in the -following year inspired by the organizations that preceded the -European Union, some of its aspects later inspired the creation of the -Schengen Area some decades later. Iceland and Eittland integrated each -other’s economy tightly, while their industries interacted with one -another without any restrictions due to borders or customs. The -distinction in nationality also became largely irrelevant between the -two countries: only a few select governmental positions are still -reserved to the citizens of their birth country, generally linked to -high military ranks or secret services. It was thus possible for -citizens of both countries to move freely between Iceland and Eittland -and live in either country as any of its citizens would while goods -could also be freely exchanged. - -Thus, in 1965, Páll Jónsson became the first Icelandic citizen elected -to public office as the Town Master of Eldheim in Western Eittland. In -May 1982, Bárður Márusson became the first Icelandic citizen to be -elected to the House of the People, while Valgeir Þórinnson became the -first Eittlandic citizen to be elected to the Icelandic parliament in -April 1983. - -**** Computer Sciences Pioneering -Out of personal interest, the then Co-King of Ðeberget Ragnarr -Sigurðsbróðr asked the Dean of the Royal University of Eittland -(/Konunglig Eittlandsuniversitet/) to open as quickly as possible a lab -focused on the development of computers and computer sciences. While -the Co-King holds no power and is purely a ceremonial title, the Dean -obliged and founded the first Eittlandic computer science laboratory, -the /Konunglig Eittlandsuniversitetitsvétalsráðuneyt/ (litt. “Royal -Eittland’s University’s Computer Department”), or /Vétalsráðuneyt/ for -short. This accompanied a new law raising the annual budget allocated -to universities in Eittland to 9% of the nation’s GDP. As the first -lab grew in size and became more and more prominent internationally, -even becoming one of the leading laboratories along with MIT, Bell -Labs and CERN, numerous other laboratories both public and private -appeared in Eittland. Nowadays, the /Vétalsráðuneyt/ is still regarded -as one of the top research laboratories and university department in -Eittland, and the /Konunglig Eittlandsuniversitet/ often ranks in the -top five universities in the world regarding computer science. - -What is now known as the Internet is born of a mix of ARPANET, the -American standard, and Skruggmál, the Eittlandic standard. Eittland -also became the first country off the coast of the United States to -become connected to the American continent. It also became the main -relay between mainland Europe and Northern America with one third of -internet connections between the continent going through Eittlandic -servers in 2015, although this number is slowly getting lower, as new -direct lines between Northern America and Europe are being laid. - -Eittland became one of the first countries to pledge on a national -level in 1989 to conform to the Unicode standard when it would be -ready, which came in effect on the publication of the first version of -its standard on October 1992. The Teknikráðuneyt, the Eittlandic -Technology Ministry, remained a full voting member of the Unicode -Consortium from 1991 to 2006 and from 2015 until today. It is through -its lobby that the first version of the Unicode standard integrated -runes, Eittland’s official alphabet, and compatibility with the -=ISO-EI-1a= through =ISO-EI-5c= encoding systems as well as various -non-standard encoding systems used by minor Eittlandic operating -systems. - -*** 21st century -**** Eittland and the European Union (1994-present) -Although it never applied for membership in the European Union, -Eittland is still part of the European Economic Area as well as the -Schengen Area, making it easy for European citizen as well as -Eittlandic citizens to move freely in Europe. It joined these two -organizations on their creation, in 1994 and in 1995 respectively, -after signing both in 1992 and 1985 respectively. - -In 2008, due to the economic crisis and instability of the Eittlandic -Krúna (*EIK*), discussions opened with the European Parliament to adopt -the Euro. Brussels accepted the application in 2013 and the Euro -became the official Eittlandic currency in 2015. Eittlanders have a -ten years window to convert their Eittlandic Krúna in Euros, which -will become the sole currency accepted in Eittland starting January -1st 2026. - -EU membership became an important debate topic in politics after the -2013 in the Eurozone, however the government sent no official -membership application to the European Union. Poll estimates paint -mixed feelings from the Eittlandic people with only a thin margin -putting either "yes" or "no" in front of the other when asked if -people would like Eittland to join the EU, as seen below. - -| | Yes | No | Do not know | -|------+------+------+-------------| -| 1995 | 40.6 | 34.2 | 25.2 | -| 1998 | 41.2 | 36.3 | 22.5 | -| 2001 | 42.3 | 38.9 | 18.8 | -| 2005 | 43.0 | 40.1 | 16.9 | -| 2009 | 39.5 | 41.3 | 19.2 | -| 2010 | 43.4 | 44.3 | 12.3 | -| 2013 | 45.6 | 44.7 | 9.7 | -| 2015 | 46.4 | 45.9 | 7.7 | -| 2020 | 41.5 | 41.7 | 16.8 | -#+TBLFM: $4=100-($3+$2) - -**** Internet and Computer Boom -Eittland is home to some of the largest websites in the world, -considered the European counterpart to the United States’ Silicon -Valley. Some of its best known websites are Raustr, a podcast and -blogging platform often compared to a Facebook or VK alternative, as -well as Sønmek, a video streaming and sharing platform compared to -YouTube and Twitch. - -An entire governmental department of the Teknikráðuneyt got assigned -to developing and auditing the Linux kernel in 2011. Although it has -no official name, it is often referred to as the *pengvinsstyrsamhald*, -or *Penguins’ Battalion* in English. It was later integrated in a larger -department dedicated to open source software in general. - -In 2014, the Eittlandic government announced fully switching to free -and open-source software on all levels of government. This became -fully effective in 2016, with all software developed for the -government changing their licence to the GPL-3.0 or AGPL-3.0 licences -and their source code available on the Teknikráðuneyt’s website. - -** Political Organization -*** Kingdoms and Monarchy -While Eittland is a single country, it hosts two kingdoms: the Kingdom -of Đeberget in the western part of the country, and the Kingdom of -Hylfjaltr in its eastern part. This is due to a separation of the -country in two halves during the reign of Eittland’s second king -Áleifr I when he realized the difficulties he and the following -monarchs of the island would face trying to rule the country alone -while the latter is almost always split in two by active volcanoes. -Thus, while the two kingdoms operate very independently of each other ---- each have their own policies on economics, education, industry, -and so on --- they also operate in cooperation as the Eittlandic High -Kingdom with the king of Đeberget at its head when it comes to common -policies, such as military decision and international affairs. - -#+html: The Two Eittlandic States - -This means that while both governments are independent of each other -and are legally equals to each other, the western monarch is the one -with the authority to decide on national actions after negotiations -between them and the eastern monarch. This is reflected by the throne -rooms found in official buildings such as the royal palaces where -three thrones can be found: a central, very large throne surrounded by -two other identical thrones, the right one for the monarch of -Hylfjaltr and the left one for the king of Đeberget. Most of the time, -both monarchs sit on their side throne, including when they meet each -other as the monarchs of Hylfjaltr and Đeberget. However, when the -monarch of Đeberget is meant to act as the High Monarch of Eittland, -they step up to the central throne and then represent the country as a -whole. - -At the end of the reign of the High King, either through abdication or -their death, his successor is enthroned within a month. Then, within a -year, the new High King has to appoint a new monarch for Hylfjaltr. -Traditionally, the new co-ruler is a brother of the current High -Monarch, however history showed it could be sometimes an uncle, a son, -a sister or even sometimes a daughter. When the eastern monarch either -abdicates or dies, the High Monarch has a month to designate a new -one. - -Up until the 14th century, the monarch of Hylfjaltr was rarely the -successor of the High Monarch. However, High King Ólafr I changed this -tradition and created a new one. He named his brother and co-ruler -King of Eittland and his son Prince of Eittland. From here on, the -King (or occasionally the Queen) of Eastern Eittland was meant to -become the new High Monarch of Eittland and make the Prince (or -occasional Princess) the ruler of Hylfjaltr. Then, once the reign of -the King ends, the Prince becomes the new High King and nominates a -new King and a new Prince. This was done to ensure the upcoming High -Monarch would be prepared in ruling the whole country by first ruling -the state. If anything were to happen to the Prince or Princess of -Eittland while the King or Queen of Hylfjaltr is on the throne, they -would have to nominate a new heir among the other possible heirs -possible for the late High Monarch. - -When the High Monarchs steps up to the central throne, they may -designate someone to fill in the role of the monarch of Đeberget for -the time being. They can also authorize the monarch of Hylfjaltr to do -so in case they are unavailable and someone needs to represent the -country in front of foreign representatives. The last example was -during the two last years of Eríkr V’s reign from 1987 to 1989 when he -could not act as High King due to his illness. While he did not -abdicate, he authorized king Harald III to act as High King while he -appointed his daughter and present-day High Queen Njall III as the -acting monarch of Đeberget. - -*** Regions and Jarldoms -While each kingdom is ruled by a monarch and the country is ruled by -the High Monarch, the kingdoms are divided into several kinds of -subdivisions. The most common one is the jarldom, historically ruled -by and still represented by a jarl during ceremonies. “Jarl” -translates as “Earl” in English, and they were the nobles in charge of -managing parts of the land in the name of the ruler. - -#+html: Eittlandic Provinces - -Some parts of the land are directly under the control of the crown, -such as the districts of Đeberget and Hylfjaltr, which the ruler ruled -without intermediaries. They are the private possessions of the family -of the rulers. - -On top of this the centre of the island is divided in territories, one -administered by the government of Đeberget and two by the government -of Hylfjaltr. These territories are supposedly not inhabited by anyone -and are currently natural parks. This is mostly where you can find the -mountains and volcanoes of Eittland as well as its cold deserts. - -Due to the Last Royal Decree of 1826, jarls no longer rule their -jarldom themselves any more. Instead, a local elected government takes -care of this role now. - -*** Governments -**** Monarchy and Things -The first form of government created in Eittland revolved around -Things (/þing/ in Eittlandic), assemblies of varying size occasionally -created at various levels of the state to decide on important matters, -with the Althing being the highest Thing to exist in Eittland. The -Things allow at first any adult man to participate, but as the -population grew some restrictions were put in place in order to limit -the amount of participants. Only one man could represent a household -starting from 982. Then, starting from 998, only jarls were allowed to -the ruler’s Thing, and only ten jarls from each kingdom, elected among -all the jarls from the same kingdom, would be allowed to attend the -High Monarch’s Thing. These jarls would then act as representatives of -the kingdom to the High King and his counsellors. - -In 1278, the first formal ministry (or department) was created in the -Ðeberget Kingdom, called a /Ráðuneyt/ (litt. “fellowship of -counsellors”) with a /Ráðunautr/ at its head, to aid the King Hallþórr V -Gunhildson’s in administering agriculture. The Hylfjaltr Kingdom soon -followed, creating its own in 1283 by order of Eyvindr III -Steingrímson. From then, ráðuneyts were created as needed with a -growing number. - -**** Constitutional Monarchy -In 1826, fearing the revolutionary climate in mainland Europe, Ólafr V -passed the appropriately named “Last Royal Decree” in 1826. This act -put in place a new form of government based on the British monarchy. - - -The king transfers all the royal power from the rulers of Đeberget and -Hylfjaltr to the House of the People and the House of the Land (the -equivalent of the lower and upper Houses respectively). The House of -the People is composed of men elected during general elections every -eight years. It was decided for each jarldom and district, one -representative would be elected plus another one for each percentage -of the population of the kingdom the jarldom represents. - -A similar system was created for jarldoms in order to replace jarls -with locally elected governments, as well as the organization of -municipalities. - -At first only male landowner of the Nordic Faith could vote and could -be elected. In 1886, all men of the Nordic Faith got the right to vote -and be elected in the general elections. In 1902, women gained the -right to vote, and they gained the right to be elected in 1915. The -law that allowed women to vote also made the authorities stop -enforcing the restriction on the faith of the participants --- while -the original texts of 1826 and 1886 were clear on the fact only men of -the Nordic Faith were allowed to vote and be elected, women had no -such restriction making it unclear if it only applied to women or if -this restriction was revoked for everyone. Organizers of the next -elections in 1905 chose not to enforce this religious restriction and -ever since then. In 1998, Queen Njall III exceptionally used her -powers of High Queen to pass a law to clarify this issue and formally -make Eittland a non-religious country. This also removed the long -unenforced ban on other religions in Eittland. - -Note that while the rulers of Đeberget and Hylfjaltr have lost all -their power with the “Last Royal Decree”, the High Monarch remained -unaffected by the text though they act and are expected to act as if -it were the case. To replace them, the eastern and western governments -elect a single national representative meant to act as the head of -both states instead of the High Monarch who now holds only a -ceremonial position. However, it happens from time to time the High -Monarch passes a law, although they only write down in the law already -well established traditions, such as the ban on the religious -restrictions for voters which had not been enforced for almost a -century by that point. - -Today, Ráðuneyts still exist, but their head is no longer designated -by the monarch but by the head of the House of the People. Here is the -list of Ministries that exist in Eittland in 2022: -- /Bærráðuneyt/ :: Agriculture Ministry -- Dæmaráðuneyt :: Justice Ministry -- Erlendslandsráðuneyt :: Foreign Affair Ministry -- Fræðiráðuneyt :: Education Ministry -- Heilsráðuneyt :: Health Ministry -- Konungdómráðuneyt :: Kingdom’s Ministry (State Affairs) -- Náttúrráðuneyt :: Nature Ministry (including ecology) -- Rógráðuneyt :: War Ministry -- Teknikráðuneyt :: Technology Ministry -- Kaupráðuneyt :: Economy Ministry -- Vinnaráðuneyt :: Employment Ministry - -With the separation of the State with its religious departments -following the law of 1998, the /Heiðniráðuneyt/ (the Heathendom -Department) became an entity separate from the Government. Its -Ráðunautr used to be exceptionally appointed by the House of the Land, -unlike the rest of Ráðunautrs. - -* Private Data :noexport: -#+name: eittland-religions -| / | < | | | | | | -| Year | Norse Faith | Atheism | Church of Eittland | Christianity | Buddhism | Other | -|------+-------------+---------+--------------------+--------------+----------+-------| -| 1900 | 97 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -| 1950 | 93 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | -| 1975 | 84 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0.5 | 4.5 | -| 2000 | 76 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | -| 2019 | 69 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 | - -#+name: nationality-religious-refugees -| Country | Percentage | -|-------------------+------------| -| France | 36 | -| Holy Roman Empire | 24 | -| Scandinavia | 22 | -| United Kingdom | 14 | -| Others | 4 | +https://wiki.phundrak.com/s/eittland